# F-11 (1979)

The F-11 (code name: the Fonz) was DEC's second microprocessor design, and the first to be architected by DEC personnel. Duane Dickhut was the project leader, Bill Johnson was lead design engineer for the Data chip, and Burt Hashizume wrote most of the microcode. The MMU was designed by Dan Dobberpuhl's consulting company.

The F-11 was substantially more ambitious than the LSI-11. It implemented the entire PDP-11/34 architecture, including FP11-compatible floating point and KT11-compatibile memory management. It targeted 3X the performance of the LSI-11, at almost the same clock rate. It provided physical address extension out to 22b, the first system to do so after the PDP-11/70. It implemented the PDP-11 Commercial Instruction Set as an option; the only other implementation was for the PDP-11/44.

Like the LSI-11, the F-11 was a chip set consisting of three designs, one of which could be replicated: the Control Chip (up to nine supported), the data chip, and the MMU chip. It was implemented in AMI's 6u NMOS process and operated at 3.6Mhz (280ns microcycle).

Name | Number | Size | Transistors | Comments
Data | DC302 | 216x181 | 6,000 | The Data chip implements the instruction execution path of the F-11 chip set. The Data chip operates under the control of microwords fetched from the Control chip(s). Its key features are: Execution data path PDP-11 architectural general registers (16b), three stack pointers Processor status word (PSW) Microcode temporary registers (16b) Full function arithmetic/logic unit (16b) Single bit shifter/byte swapper Condition code logic External interface sequencer Power: 1.5W
Control | DC303 | 200x173 | 23,000 sites | The Control chip implements the microword access and sequencing functions of the F-11 chip set. Its key features are: ROM/PLA control store (138 x 23b PLA terms, 414 ROM terms) Chip set microsequencing Interrupt logic Abort logic Initial decode PLA Power: 1.0W
MMU | DC304 | 250x196 | 10,000 | The MMU implements the memory management data path and controls for the F-11 chip set. It also contains the PDP-11 floating point accumulators and status registers. Its key features are: Memory management data path PDP-11 memory management registers for kernel and user mode Instruction translation logic (22b) Protection logic Floating point storage (64b) Microcode temporary registers (64b and 16b) Power: 1.5W.

The F-11, like its predecessor, was very successful. In addition to expanding the penetration of PDP-11's in embedded and OEM markets, the F-11 was the basis of the LSI-11/23 (Qbus) and PDP-11/24 (Unibus) family of systems. DEC continued its tradition of second sourcing its designs by importing AMI's technology into its semiconductor fabrication facility.

### Personal Narrative

I joined Small Systems Engineering's chip team in late 1978, when the Storage group I worked in transferred to Colorado Springs. For the first six months, I worked as an individual contributor, writing a strategic position paper on future chip directions and finishing half of the CIS microcode (the packed instructions). The position paper recommended a design project to build one more generation of PDP-11 microprocessors and an advanced development project focused on building a VLSI VAX. This recommendation was accepted, and I became the project leader for the last PDP-11 microprocessor, J-11.

Updated 24-Feb-2008 by Bob Supnik (simh AT trailing-edge DOT com - anti-spam encoded)