		2.  COMMAND OVERVIEW
	
		    One of the nice things about EDIT is how easy it is to use.  To
		start EDIT and create a document named memo1, simply type
	
				edit memo1
		
		    EDIT will start executing, and then you can start typing.  There
		is no need to wade through a hierarchy of menus just to get started. 
		To delete a character, just press the backspace key.  To move the
		cursor, press one of the the arrow keys on the right side of the
		keyboard.  EDIT's commands are simple, and they are easy to use (just
		one or two keystrokes), but they are powerful.
	
	
		2.1.  Basic Concepts
	
		    EDIT is a program that runs on the IBM Personal Computer or a
		computer that is 100% compatible with the IBM PC.  It allows you to
		create and edit documents containing arbitary text.  To do this, you
		must first start EDIT (explained in section 2.2).  Once EDIT is
		started, you can immediately begin to type, using the text keys in
		the center of the keyboard.  As you press each key, EDIT displays the
		character on the CRT screen of the computer.  The place where the
		character is displayed is indicated by the small, blinking dash on
		the screen.  This dash is called the "cursor".  After the character
		is displayed, the cursor moves one position to the right.  When you
		press the Enter key, the cursor moves one line down and to the left
		side of the screen (like carriage return on a typewriter).
	
		    EDIT stores each character you type in a large storage area in
		the computer called its "editing buffer", or just "buffer".  The
		buffer holds many more characters than EDIT can display on the screen
		at once.  EDIT only displays 23 lines of the text at any one time. 
		When you type more lines of text than will fit on the screen, the
		cursor can no longer be moved down when you press Enter.  Instead,
		all the lines on the screen are "scrolled" up one line, the top line
		disappears, and the cursor stays on the bottom line.  You don't need
		to worry about the line that disappears from the top of the screen. 
		It is still stored in the editing buffer.
	
		    EDIT also allows you to modify the text you have typed.  For
		example, when the you type the Backspace key, the character
		immediately to the left of the cursor will be erased from the screen,
		and the cursor will move one position to the left.  EDIT has other
		commands for modifying the text adjacent to the cursor -- deleting
		the character to the right of the cursor, the entire line containing
		the cursor, or an arbitrary block of text before or after the cursor,
		etc.  In fact, all EDIT commands that change the text do so by
		inserting or deleting characters immediately adjacent to the cursor.
	
		    Thus, there are commands for moving the cursor to a place in the
		text that you want to change.  This allows you to go back to
		characters typed previously and delete them, or insert new text. 
		Whenever you give a command that would move the cursor off the top or
		bottom of the screen (like the up command when the cursor is on the
		top line of the screen), the screen is scrolled up or down instead,
		so that the cursor always stays on the screen.  Some EDIT commands
		(like the Find command) may move the cursor to any point in the text,
		even to lines a long ways before or after the lines displayed on the
		screen.  When you give one of these commands, EDIT will completely
		update the text displayed on the screen, so that the 23 lines
		adjacent to the new position of the cursor are displayed.
	
		    As explained above, EDIT stores all the text you are editing in
		its editing buffer.  However, this storage of the text is only
		temporary, while you are running EDIT.  For a more long-term storage
		of the text, you must save it in a DOS file.  EDIT's Quit command
		allows you to save text in a file and retrieve text from a file. 
		EDIT will warn you if you attempt to give a command that might cause
		you to lose the text in the editing buffer if you have not already
		saved it in a file.
	
	
		2.2.  How to Start EDIT
	
		    To start EDIT, first make sure DOS is ready to accept your
		commands.  Generally, DOS indicates this by printing a message like
		the following on the screen:
	
				A>
	
		    Instead of A, you may see a different letter.  Then place your
		EDIT diskette in disk in drive A, and type
	
				edit [ filename ]
	
		where filename is the name of a file you want to create, or the name
		of a file you previously created that you want to edit.  The brackets
		around filename indicate that the file is optional.  You should not
		type the brackets.  
	
		    If you don't give a file, EDIT will be started with an empty
		editing buffer and the message "No file specified" is displayed in
		the lower left corner of the screen.
	
		    If you give a file that already exists, it is read into EDIT's
		buffer and the cursor is positioned at the beginning of the file. 
		EDIT displays the message "Editing: filename" in the lower left
		corner of the screen.
	
		    If the file does not yet exist, EDIT is started with an empty
		buffer, and EDIT displays the message "Creating: filename" in the
		lower left corner of the screen.
	
		    The following are several examples of how to start EDIT:
	
				edit
	
				edit memo.txt
	
				edit b:prog1.src
	
				edit \letters\george
	
		    The last example uses a file from a subdirectory.  Subdirectories
		are a feature that was added to version 2.0 of DOS.  If you are using
		version 2.0 or a later version of DOS, EDIT allows you to access
		files in subdirectories.  
	
	
		2.3.  Screen Organization
	
		    EDIT organizes the screen as follows:
	
			    Text area:		top 23 lines
			    Prompt line:	next to the bottom line
			    Status line:	bottom line
	
		    EDIT uses the top 23 lines of the screen to display the portion
		of the file that contains the cursor.  Lines that are longer than 80
		characters will only have their first 80 characters displayed,
		although all commands operate on long lines normally.
	
		    EDIT uses the 24th line on the screen (the next to the bottom
		line) for prompts regarding the use of function keys, for input of
		file names, search strings, and such, and for messages.
	
		    The bottom line on the screen displays the name of the file being
		edited and various status indicators.  On the far right side of the
		bottom line EDIT displays the line and column numbers of the current
		cursor position within the file.  To the left of the line and column
		numbers on the bottom line, EDIT displays the amount of free space
		currently available in its editing buffer as a percentage of the
		total space available.
	
	
		2.4.  Command Basics
	
		    Basic Rules.  The basic rules for using EDIT are quite simple. 
		The light-colored cursor control keys (the right arrow, PgUp, etc) on
		the right side of the keyboard move the cursor.  The function keys F1
		through F10 are command keys; they perform the action indicated by
		the prompt line on the screen.  The keys next to the cursor control
		keys (like the Del key) are also used as command keys.  Many of the
		cursor control keys and command keys have both a basic version, where
		you press the key all by itself, and a stronger version, where you
		press the command key while holding down Shift.  For example, End
		moves the cursor to the end of the current line, and Shift-End moves
		the cursor to the end of the current sentence.
	
		    Every command key in EDIT always does the same thing, no matter
		when you give that command.  This is one of the things that makes
		EDIT easy to learn, and easy to use.  
	
		    The text keys in the center of the keyboard are used to enter
		text at the current cursor location, or to provide input to a command
		prompt.  When the blinking cursor is in the text area (the top 23
		lines on the screen), each text key you type will be inserted at the
		current cursor location, and then the cursor will move one position
		to the right.  
	
	
		    Insert mode and Replace mode.  EDIT has two ways to handle what
		happens to the text to the right of the cursor when you type a text
		key while the cursor is in the middle of a line.  In insert mode, the
		character is inserted into the text at the cursor position and the
		characters to the right of the cursor are moved over one position to
		make room for the inserted character.  In replace mode, the character
		you type replaces the character that was at the cursor position. 
		Some other text editors and word processors call replace mode
		"overstrike mode".  
	
		    It is easy to think of insert mode as pushing characters out of
		the way to make room for each new character as you type it. 
		Likewise, you can think of replace mode as simply typing on top of
		the characters that are already there, with each new character
		erasing old character before typing on top of it.
	
		    EDIT indicates whether it is current in insert mode or replace
		mode by displaying "Insert" or "Replace" near the right side of the
		status line on the bottom of the screen.  You can switch from insert
		mode to replace mode (or vice versa) by pressing the Ins key, located
		just below the cursor control keys on the right side of the keyboard. 
		You can also set EDIT to insert or replace mode via the Set command,
		explained in section 3.3.  
	
	
		    Word Processing mode.  EDIT may be used either as a word
		processor or as general-purpose text editor.  In word processing
		mode, EDIT will automatically reformat the text in a paragraph when
		you insert or delete characters, in order to always keep the right
		margin of your text neat.  If EDIT is not in word processing mode, it
		will not attempt to reformat a paragraph (or line) when you insert or
		delete characters, even if you insert text that extends past the
		right margin (or even the right side of the screen).
	
		    Normally, you should use word processing mode whenever you are
		creating a file that consists of some form of paragraph.  It is best
		to leave word processing mode off if you are editing something like a
		program source file.
	
		    EDIT indicates that it is in word processing mode by displaying
		"WP-Yes" near the center of the status line on the bottom of the
		screen.  If EDIT is not in word processing mode, it will display
		"WP-No".  You can switch word processing mode on or off by holding
		down Alt and pressing the W key.  You can also turn word processing
		mode on or off via the Set command, explained in section 3.3.
	
	
		    Other Command Keys.  For convenience, you may use Alt or Ctrl
		instead of Shift to get the modified version of the function keys on
		the left side of the keyboard.
	
		    A few additional commands are obtained by pressing Alt and one of
		the text keys in the center of the keyboard.  Generally the key
		pressed with Alt is the first letter of the desired command.  For
		example, Alt-C is the Center command, which causes EDIT to center the
		current line between the left and right margins.
	
	
		    Using the Numeric Pad.  Note that it is also possible to use the
		cursor control keys as a numeric pad, for ease of entering numbers,
		"+", and "-".  To do so, press the Num Lock key.  After pressing this
		key, the keys in the numeric pad area will act as a text keys, rather
		than cursor control keys.  To return to the keys to their use as
		cursor control keys, press Num Lock again.
	
	
		2.5.  Command Repetition
	
		    For some of EDIT's commands, you can specify a repetition count
		that indicates the number of times the command should be executed. 
		The repetition count is entered by pressing Esc, followed by a
		positive number, and then typing the command key.  For example, to
		move the cursor down ten lines, type the following:
	
			    Esc 10 Down
	
		    There is a default value for the repetition count that is used if
		you simply type Esc followed by the command.  The initial value for
		this default is 5.  The default value may be changed by typing Esc,
		then the new value, and then Enter.  The maximum repetition count is
		9999.  The count may not be negative.
	
		    The commands that accept a repetition count include the
		following:
	
	  			- basic cursor movement commands
	  	    	- find commands
	  	    	- replace commands
	  	    	- get command
	  	    	- macro execution
	
		    The deletion commands do not accept a repetition count.
	
	
		2.6.  Input to Command Prompts
	
		    A few of EDIT's commands require you to enter a text string - a
		file name, a word or phrase to search for, etc.  Other commands
		require you to type a single character to select an option from a
		menu.  In both of these cases, EDIT moves the blinking cursor out of
		the main text area, and down to the prompt line.  To help you
		remember where the cursor was before it was moved down to the prompt
		line, EDIT marks the old cursor position in reverse video.  
	
	
		    String Input to Command Prompts.  Some of EDIT's command require
		you to type a string of text, like the name of a file, or a word or
		phrase to find.  In these commands, EDIT will move the cursor down to
		the prompt line and print a message like the following:
	
				Output file: 
	
		    The cursor will appear at the end of this line.  You should type
		each character in the string, and then press Enter to execute the
		command.  If you make a mistake when you are typing the string, you
		may use the Backspace key to delete the last character of the string. 
		To delete the entire string and start over, press Shift-Backspace.  
	
		    Note that the Enter key is the large key on the right side of the
		text keys, just to the left of the cursor control keys.  The
		Backspace key is at the top right corner of the text keys, just to
		the left of the cursor control keys and above the Enter key.
	
		    To abort a command that requests string input, type Esc (Escape).  

	
		    Selecting an Option From a Menu.  Several of EDIT's command allow
		you to select an option from a menu.  EDIT indicates this by moving
		the cursor down to the the prompt line, and printing a message like
		the following:
	
				GoTo.  Select (Beginning, End, Line, Column):
	
		    The cursor will appear at the end of this line.  To select the
		desired option, press the key that is the first character of the
		option you want.  For example, to select the "Beginning" option,
		press the "B" key.  If you press any other key, EDIT will simply
		return to what it was doing before the current command.  
	
	
		    Implicitly Leaving a Command.  You do not need to explicitly
		leave a command when the cursor is in the prompt line.  If you press
		one of the cursor control or command keys, EDIT will automatically
		leave the current command perform the new one.  
		
		
		2.7.  Settings
		
		    You can control margin width, tab stops, number of lines per
		page, headers and footers, page numbering, and such via EDIT's Set
		command.  EDIT groups all these settings together under the heading
		of "settings that affect the file you are editing".  EDIT also allows
		you to control settings that control how EDIT works, like the screen
		colors on a color monitor, or whether EDIT starts out in Insert mode
		or Replace mode.  
		
		    The file settings all apply to the entire file.  For example, you
		can't start the file with one header, and then change to a different
		header half way through the file.  Thus, when you create a file, you
		must be careful to use settings that work for the entire file.  If
		you use word processing mode, it is best to set the tab stops and
		margins before you enter the text of the file.  
		
		    Although the file settings apply to the entire file, EDIT allows
		you to control how some of the settings work at various points in the
		file.  For example, as part of a header or footer, you specify the
		page to start printing the header or footer on.  The margins settings
		can be changed for any one line by centering that line.  Likewise,
		any paragraph may be indented to a tab stop, simply by using the tab
		key to indent the first line of the paragraph.  The page setting not
		only specifies the number of lines per page, but the conditions under
		which EDIT should automatically skip to a new page.  This gives you
		some control over "widow" lines, lines which start a paragraph or
		section, but are so close to the bottom of the page that it really is
		better to start the section or paragraph on the next page.
		
		
		2.8.  Files
		
		    Text Files.  As explained above, EDIT stores all your text while
		you are editing it in its editing buffer.  If you want to save your
		work, you must use EDIT's Quit command to store it in a file. 
		Otherwise, your work will be gone after you leave the EDIT program,
		or when you turn off the computer.  
		
		    You can use up to eight characters for the name of your file. 
		You can also use an extension as part of the file name.  The
		extension consists of a dot, followed by up to three characters. 
		Normally, the extension is used to identify the type of file.  For
		example, you might use the extension ".MEM" to identify all files
		containing memos, or the extension ".TXT" for general text files.
		
		    EDIT allows you to use files in subdirectories if you use version
		2.0 or a later version of DOS.
		
		    With EDIT, you cannot create files bigger than will fit in its
		editing buffer.  The maximum size file is about 55,000 characters. 
		This is about 15 to 20 single spaced pages of text.  If you need to
		create documents larger than this, you can break the document into
		smaller sections, and use a single file for each section.
		
		
		    Setting Files.  EDIT does not save the file settings in the same
		file used to save the text of a document.  Instead, it allows you to
		save the settings in separate files called "setting files".  When
		EDIT retrieves a text file, it automatically looks a the setting file
		that goes with that file.  First it looks for a file with the same
		name as the file being retrieved, but with the extension changed to
		".SET".  It will look for this setting file in the same directory as
		the text file.  If it cannot this setting file, EDIT looks for a
		setting file whose name is the extension of the text file, and the
		extension is ".SET".  
		
		    For example, if you retrieve a file named
		
				proposal.txt
		
		EDIT will first look for a setting file with the name
		
				proposal.set
		
		If EDIT cannot find this setting file, it will look for a setting
		file with the name
		
				txt.set
		
		If this setting file is not found, EDIT will use its current
		settings for the text file. 
		
		    When you first start the EDIT program, EDIT will look for a
		setting file named
		
				EDIT.SET
		
		and retreive the settings from this file.  If you want to change
		any of EDIT's default settings, you should put these changes in this
		file.  This is a convenient place to put settings changes that affect
		the way EDIT works, like the colors EDIT uses on your screen, or
		whether EDIT starts in Replace mode or Insert mode.
		
		    This technique for handling setting files has several advantages. 
		Since setting files are stored as normal text, it is possible for you
		to edit a setting file directly, rather than use the Set command to
		change settings.  This is particularly useful for changing long
		settings, like the header or footer.
		
		    Another advantage of this technique is that it allows you to
		create settings files not only for a specific new file, but for
		groups of files, all with the same extension.  This way you don't
		always have to use the Set command to specify the settings for each
		new file you create.  EDIT will automatically retrieve the right
		settings for the new file, using the extension to determine which
		settings you want.
		
		    This is useful not only when you are using EDIT as a word
		processor, but also when you use EDIT as a general purpose text
		editor.  For example, if you program in C and assembly language, you
		may want to create general setting files with two different tab sizes
		-- tabs of 4 for C, and tabs of 8 for assembly language.  These
		settings files might be named:
		
			C.SET
		    ASM.SET
		
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