.SPACING 1
.LM 10;.RM 75
.LH 10;.RH 75
.TITLE ^^INTRODUCTION TO AN IAS TERMINAL\\
.FG 20
.CENTER 80
^^INTRODUCTION TO AN IAS TERMINAL\\
.SKIP 4
^^NOTE:\\ ^THIS IS A LOCALLY WRITTEN AND MAINTAINED
DOCUMENT.
^IT IS SPECIFICALLY FOR THE CONVENIENCE OF GENERAL ^^IAS\\ USERS,
AND THEREFORE DOES NOT ATTEMPT TO BE COMPLETE.
^HOWEVER, IF ANY PART OF THIS DOCUMENT
IS UNCLEAR OR INSUFFICIENT, PLEASE BRING THIS TO THE ATTENTION OF 
THE DOCUMENT MAINTAINER, NAMED BELOW.
^IT IS ONLY THROUGH FEEDBACK FROM THE USERS THAT
THIS DOCUMENT WILL IMPROVE.
.SKIP 5
.C 80
^REVISED
.C 80
^NOVEMBER 4, 1985
.DATE 4-<NOV-85
.C 80
^FRANK ^R. ^BORGER
.page
.center
^^TABLE OF CONTENTS
.fg 1;.nofill
 
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
        1.1  Special characters . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-1
 
CHAPTER 2 COMMANDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
        2.1  System commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
        2.2  Utility commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-1
        2.3  Compiler/interperter commands. . . . . . . .2-1
        2.4  Command format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-2
        2.5  Indirect commands. . . . . . . . . . . . . .2-3
 
CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM COMMANDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
        3.1  ABO (Abort). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
        3.2  ACT (Active Task List) . . . . . . . . . . .3-1
        3.3  AID  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
        3.4  BYE (Sign-off) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
        3.5  CIE  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
        3.6  COO COOkie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
        3.7  DAM (DAMmit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-2
        3.8  DEMO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
        3.9  DMO (Dismount) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
        3.10  DUP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
        3.11  FAC (File ACtivity) . . . . . . . . . . . .3-3
        3.12  HEL (Hello) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-4
        3.13  INF (INFormation package) . . . . . . . . .3-4
        3.14  INI (INItialize volume) . . . . . . . . . .3-4
        3.15  INS (INStall task). . . . . . . . . . . . .3-5
        3.16  LOA (LOAd device handler) . . . . . . . . .3-5
        3.17  LUN (Logical UNit table list) . . . . . . .3-5
        3.18  LUT (Logical Unit list for active Task) . .3-5
        3.19  MAY the bird of happiness.... . . . . . . .3-6
        3.20  MMC Tape to tape copy.. . . . . . . . . . .3-6
        3.21  MOU (MOUnt device). . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
        3.22  MTC Tape to tape copy . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
        3.23  MUR Murphys laws. . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-6
        3.24  OPR (OPeRate device spooler). . . . . . . .3-7
        3.25  QUE (QUEue manager) . . . . . . . . . . . .3-7
        3.26  QUX (QUeue list with eXtensions). . . . . .3-7
        3.27  REA (REAssign LUNS of task) . . . . . . . .3-7
        3.28  RED (RE-Direct device). . . . . . . . . . .3-7
        3.29  REM (REMove task) . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
        3.30  RES (RESume task) . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
        3.31  RUN (RUN task). . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3-8
        3.32  SDV (Set default DeVice). . . . . . . . . .3-9
        3.33  SEN (Send message). . . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
        3.34  SET (SET default UIC) . . . . . . . . . . .3-9
        3.35  SUB (SUBmit batch job). . . . . . . . . . .3-9
        3.36  SYS (SYStem information package). . . . . .3-9
        3.37  TER (TERminal characteristics). . . . . . .3-10
        3.38  TIM (Show TIMe and date). . . . . . . . . .3-10
        3.39  UNL (UNLoad device handler) . . . . . . . .3-10
        3.40  USE (USE default UIC) . . . . . . . . . . .3-10
        3.41  WHO (Show WHO's logged on). . . . . . . . .3-10
        3.42  WHE (Show WHEre terminals are). . . . . . .3-11
        3.43  WHN (Show WHeN things will occur) . . . . .3-11
 
CHAPTER 4 UTILITY COMMANDS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-1
        4.1  ATT (List file ATTributes) . . . . . . . . .4-1
        4.2  BDI BRU Directory. . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
        4.3  BLO (SHOW BLOck usage) . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
        4.4  BRI (BRIef directory). . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
        4.5  BUG Program Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
        4.6  CMP Compare two files. . . . . . . . . . . .4-2
        4.7  DELete Delete a file.. . . . . . . . . . . .4-3
        4.8  DIA (Print file at DIAblo printer) . . . . .4-3
        4.9  DIB (Print file at cut-sheet printer). . . .4-3
        4.10  DIR (NORMAL DIRectory). . . . . . . . . . .4-3
        4.11  DOC (PRINT FILE AT DOCument printer). . . .4-4
        4.12  DMP Dump file.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4
        4.13  DTC Desk top calendar.. . . . . . . . . . .4-4
        4.14  EDI (File EDItor) . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-4
        4.15  EDT (Keypad EDItor) . . . . . . . . . . . .4-5
        4.16  FDU (File DUmp program) . . . . . . . . . .4-5
        4.17  FHD (List File HeaDer for file) . . . . . .4-5
        4.18  FLX (FiLe X-fer utility). . . . . . . . . .4-5
        4.19  FON Telephone book. . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6
        4.20  FRE (List FREe blocks on device). . . . . .4-6
        4.21  FRG (Show device FRaGmentaion). . . . . . .4-6
        4.22  KED Keypad editor . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6
        4.23  LAS Laser printer . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-6
        4.24  LBR Librarian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
        4.25  LIS Multi-column lister.. . . . . . . . . .4-7
        4.26  NED Network editor. . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
        4.27  PAG Paginate output . . . . . . . . . . . .4-7
        4.28  PIP (Peripheral Interchange Program). . . .4-7
        4.29  PRI (PRInt file at LP:) . . . . . . . . . .4-8
        4.30  PRO (PROtect file). . . . . . . . . . . . .4-8
        4.31  PUR (PURge files) . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-8
        4.33  RCV (ReCoVer file). . . . . . . . . . . . .4-8
        4.34  RNO (RuNOff - text processor) . . . . . . .4-9
        4.35  RNP (RNo Pre-processor) . . . . . . . . . .4-9
        4.36  SPElling checker. . . . . . . . . . . . . .4-9
        4.37  SPY (Show Program Yousage). . . . . . . . .4-9
        4.38  SRD (SoRt Directory). . . . . . . . . . . .4-9
        4.39  TECO (Text Editor and COrrector). . . . . .4-10
        4.40  TLK Talk to another terminal. . . . . . . .4-10
        4.41  TYP (TYPe file at terminal) . . . . . . . .4-10
        4.42  UNP (UNProtect file). . . . . . . . . . . .4-10
        4.43  VTL Video Terminal Lister . . . . . . . . .4-10
 
CHAPTER 5 LANGUAGES AND LINKERS . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
        5.1  BAS Basic interpreter. . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
        5.2  FOR Fortran short form command . . . . . . .5-1
        5.3  FV2/F4P/F77 Fortrans . . . . . . . . . . . .5-1
        5.4  MACro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2
        5.5  MAX Short form macro . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2
        5.6  RAT Rational Fortran . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2
        5.7  RA5 Rational Fortran . . . . . . . . . . . .5-2
        5.8  TKB Task builder . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-3
 
CHAPTER 6 FILES AND DEVICES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6-1
 
CHAPTER 7 SUBROUTINE LIBRARIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-1
 
CHAPTER 8 LANGUAGES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8-1
 
APPENDIX A GLOSSARY OF IAS TERMS. . . . . . . . . . . . .A-1
 
APPENDIX B REESE DOCUMENTATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . .B-1
 
APPENDIX C DEC DOCUMENTATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C-1
 
APPENDIX D SAMPLE TERMINAL SESSION. . . . . . . . . . . .D-1
 
APPENDIX E DEVICES AVAILABLE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .E-1
 
APPENDIX F LIST OF MCR TASKS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .F-1
 
APPENDIX G IAS ERROR CODES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .G-1
 
APPENDIX H INDEX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .H-1
\\
.fill
.CHAPTER <INTRODUCTION.
.PARAGRAPH
^THIS DOCUMENT IS INTENDED TO PROVIDE USERS OF THE ^^IAS\\
SYSTEM WITH A CONCISE DESCRIPTION OF THE FEATURES
AVAILABLE AT THE TERMINAL.
^THIS IS NOT AN EXHAUSTIVE LIST OF THE FEATURES AVAILABLE
UNDER ^^IAS\\, BUT THOSE APPLICABLE TO THE
GENERAL USER ARE INCLUDED.
^ADVANCED USERS MAY WISH TO CONSULT THE VARIOUS ^^IAS\\
MANUALS MENTIONED HERIN, WHERE
FULLER DOCUMENTATION OF VARIOUS FEATURES EXISTS.
.FG 1
^FURTHER INFORMATION ABOUT MOST OF THE COMMANDS AND PROGRAMS IS AVAILABLE
ON-LINE, AND CAN BE ACCESSED BY THE "<AID" COMMAND. ^IN ADDITION, MOST OF
THE KEYPAD BASED EDITORS AND LISTERS HAVE BUILT IN AID AVAILABLE THRU USE
OF THE "<HELP" OR <PF2 KEY.
.INDEX CONTROL CHARACTERS
.INDEX SPECIAL CHARACTERS
.HEADERLEVEL 1 S\\PECIAL CHARACTERS
^THE ^^IAS\\ OPERATING SYSTEM PROVIDES THE TERMINAL
USER WITH A SET OF SPECIAL CHARACTERS TO CONTROL THE BEHAVIOUR
OF THE TERMINAL.
^MOST OF THESE CHARACTERS ARE TYPED BY HOLDING THE CONTROL
.INDEX ^^CTRL\\ KEY
.INDEX CONTROL KEY
KEY (^^CTRL\\) DOWN WHILE TYPING THE APPROPRIATE
CHARACTER KEY, JUST AS YOU USE THE "SHIFT" KEY ON A TYPEWRITER.
^THROUGHOUT THE DOCUMENTATION, THESE CHARACTERS ARE INDICATED
BY PRECEDING THE LETTER USED WITH ^^CTRL/\\ (E. G. ^^CTRL/C\\
MEANS THE CHARACTER GENERATED BY DEPRESSING THE ^^CTRL\\ AND ^C KEYS
SIMULTANEOUSLY).
^ONLY THE "CONTROL" CHARACTERS
^^CTRL/Z\\, <CTRL/R AND ^^CTRL/U\\ ARE ECHOED WITH PRINTING CHARACTERS
(AS _^^Z _^^R, AND _^^U).
^A <CARRIAGE <RETURN IS ECHOED BY RETURNING THE ^PRINT-HEAD OR ^CURSOR TO
THE LEFT-MOST POSITION, WHILE AN <ESC OR <ALT-MODE IS ECHOED BY PRINTING
A "$" CHARACTER BEFORE RETURNING THE ^PRINT-HEAD OR ^CURSOR TO THE LEFT-MOST
POSITION.
.NOTE
^SOME TERMINALS HAVE EXTRA KEYS WHICH MAY SERVE
SPECIAL PURPOSES - CONSULT THE TERMINAL
USER'S GUIDE FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THESE KEYS.
^ALSO, CERTAIN PROGRAMS MAY USE SPECIAL CHARACTERS IN
A DIFFERENT MANNER THAN SPECIFIED HERE - REFER
TO THE PROGRAM DESCRIPTION.
.ENDNOTE
.CENTER 80
^THE SPECIAL KEYS.
.RM 70
.SKIP 1
.NOFILL
.TAB STOPS 15 25
.INDEX ^^MCR\\
	^^CTRL/C\\	-ACTIVATE ^^MCR\\, SO THAT THE  NEXT LINE ENTERED
.LEFT MARGIN 26
.FILL
WILL BE INTERPRETED AS AN ^^MCR\\ COMMAND.
^NOTE THAT IF A TASK IS EXPECTING INPUT FROM THE TERMINAL,
BOTH <MCR AND THE TASK WILL BE COMPETING FOR THE INPUT.
.FG 1
^IF THE TERMINAL IS NOT PRESENTLY LOGGED ON, THE SYSTEM WILL INSTEAD
ASK FOR YOUR "USER NAME" AND "PASSWORD".
^YOU MUST PROVIDE A BONA-FIDE "USER-NAME" AND "PASSWORD" TO BE LOGGED
ON TO THE SYSTEM AS A LEGITIMATE USER.
.SKIP 1
.LEFT MARGIN 10
.RM 75
.RM 70
.NOFILL
.SKIP 1
.LM 10
	^^CTRL/I\\	-HORIZONTAL TAB. ^THE CURSOR  OR PRINT-HEAD IS
.BREAK
.LEFT MARGIN 26
.FILL
.INDEX HORIZONTAL TAB
.INDEX TAB
POSITIONED TO THE NEXT TAB STOP. ^HORIZONTAL TAB STOPS OCCUR EVERY EIGHTH
POSITION ON THE LINE.
.SKIP 1
.LM 10
	^^CTRL/K\\	-VERTICAL  TAB.  ^THE CURSOR  OR  PRINT-HEAD IS
.BREAK
.LEFT MARGIN 26
.FILL
.INDEX VERTICAL TAB
POSITIONED TO THE NEXT TAB STOP. ^VERTICAL TAB STOPS OCCUR EVERY EIGHT
LINES.
.SKIP 1
.LM 10
	^^CTRL/L\\	-FORMFEED. ^ADVANCES THE PAPER TO TOP-OF-FORM
.BREAK
.LEFT MARGIN 26
.FILL
.INDEX FORM-FEED
.INDEX TOP-OF-FORM
.INDEX CLEAR SCREEN
(ON A HARD-COPY TERMINAL) OR CLEARS THE SCREEN AND POSITIONS THE CURSOR TO
THE UPPER LEFT (ON A SCOPE TERMINAL.)
.FG 1
.LM 10
	^^CTRL/O\\	-PRINT/NOPRINT OUTPUT.  ^THE FIRST ^^CTRL/O\\ WILL
.INDEX OUTPUT
.LM 26;.FILL
CAUSE PRINTING TO BE DISCARDED, AND THE 
SECOND WILL CAUSE PRINTING TO CONTINUE.  
.SKIP 1
.LM 10
	^^CTRL/Q\\	-START OUTPUT. ^UNDOES THE EFFECT OF ^^CTRL/S\\.
.SKIP 1
.LM 10
	^^CTRL/R\\	-RETYPE CURRENT LINE ON  A NEW  LINE,  OMITTING
.BREAK
.LEFT MARGIN 26
DELETED CHARACTERS.
^THIS IS USEFUL IF THE ^^RUBOUT\\ KEY HAS BEEN USED.
.SKIP 1
.LEFT MARGIN 10
	^^CTRL/S\\	-STOP OUTPUT.^THIS DIFFERS FROM ^^CTRL/O\\ IN THAT
.BREAK
.LM 26
OUTPUT IS SUSPENDED, NOT DISCARDED.
.SKIP 1
.LM 10
	^^CTRL/U\\	-DELETE THE CURRENT LINE OF INPUT.  ^NOTE THAT
.BREAK;.LM 26
THE PROMPT (IF ANY) MAY ^^NOT\\ BE RE-ISSUED.
.LM 10
.SKIP 1
	^^CTRL/V\\	-DELETE INPUT IN THE READ-AHEAD BUFFER.  ^NOTE
.BREAK;.LM 26
THAT <CTRL/U ONLY DELETES DATA ENTERED AFTER THE LAST <CARRIAGE <RETURN.
^THIS DELETES ALL UN-PROCESSED INPUT.
.LM 10
.SKIP 1
	^^CTRL/Z\\	-END-OF-FILE.^USED TO TERMINATE INPUT TO MANY
.BREAK;.LM 26
PROGRAMS.
.SKIP 1
.TEST PAGE 4
.LM 10
	^^RUBOUT\\	-DELETE (AND ECHO)  PREVIOUS  CHARACTER  IN  THE
.INDEX ^^RUBOUT\\
.INDEX DELETE
.BREAK
 ###(OR ^^DELETE\\)	#INPUT LINE. ^SUCCESSIVE ^^RUBOUT\\'S MAY BE USED
.BREAK;.LM 26
TO DELETE SEVERAL CHARACTERS.
^FOR PRINTING TERMINALS, DELETED CHARACTERS ARE ECHOED (IN REVERSE ORDER)
AS THEY ARE DELETED, SEPERATED BY "_\" (BACKSLASH) CHARACTERS. ^ON "SCOPE"
TERMINALS, THE CHARACTERS ARE ERASED FROM THE SCREEN AS THEY ARE DELETED.
.SKIP 1
.NOFILL
.TEST PAGE 2
.LM 10
	^^ESC\\	-TERMINATE COMMAND LINE _& SUPPRESS FOLLOWING
.BREAK
 ##(OR ^^ALTMODE\\)	^^MCR\\ PROMPT.
.SKIP 1
   ^^CARRIAGE\\	-TERMINATE ^^MCR\\ COMMAND LINE.
    ^^RETURN\\
.RM 75
.FILL
.CHAPTER <COMMANDS
.INDEX COMMANDS
.HEADERLEVEL 1 S\\YSTEM COMMANDS
^THE COMPUTER'S "OPERATING SYSTEM" CONSISTS OF A SERIES OF PROGRAMS WHICH
ALLOW A PERSON AT A TERMINAL TO CONTROL THE OPERATION OF THE COMPUTER ITSELF.
^FOR EXAMPLE,
 "SYSTEM" COMMANDS LET A PERSON INITIALLY IDENTIFY THEMSELVES TO THE COMPUTER
AS A BONAFIDE USER, (COMMONLY CALLED "SIGNING ON",) RUN THE PROGRAM THEY WISH,
AND TELL THE COMPUTER THEY ARE DONE USING IT, (COMMONLY CALLED "SIGNING OFF".)
^ADDITIONALLY "SYSTEM" COMMANDS CAN CONTROL THE EXECUTION OF A PROGRAM (SUCH
AS "ABORTING" A PROGRAM WHICH IS OBVIOUSLY MALFUNCTIONING.)
.HEADERLEVEL 1 U\\TILITY COMMANDS
^THE COMPUTER ALSO WILL CONTAIN A SERIES OF PROGRAMS WHICH DO NOT
 "CONTROL" THE SYSTEM, BUT ARE THE GENERAL TOOLS BY WHICH A PERSON "PROGRAMS"
THE COMPUTER. ^AS AN EXAMPLE, ONE WOULD USE AN "EDITOR" TO INITIALLY CREATE
A FILE ON THE COMPUTER'S DISK STORAGE CONTAINING A <FORTRAN PROGRAM. ^ONE WOULD
THEN USE ANOTHER PROGRAM TO PRINT A LISTING OF THE <FORTRAN PROGRAM ON THE
LINE PRINTER FOR REFERENCE USE.
^THESE TYPES OF PROGRAMS ARE COMMONLY CALLED "UTILITIES". ^OTHER COMMON
UTILITIES ALLOW ONE TO COPY DATA FROM DISK TO MAGNETIC TAPE, OBTAIN LISTINGS
OF THE VARIOUS PROGRAMS AND DATA STORED ON THE COMPUTER'S DISKS, ETC.
.HEADERLEVEL 1 C\\OMPILER/INTERPERTER COMMANDS
^A THIRD TYPE OF PROGRAM EXISTS WHICH DOES THE ACTUAL WORK THAT A COMPUTER IS
GOOD FOR. (^THE PREVIOUS TWO MENTIONED TYPES ONLY ARE TOOLS FOR CREATING THIS
THIRD TYPE OF PROGRAM.) ^A COMPUTER "LANGUAGE" LETS ONE CAUSE THE COMPUTER
TO PERFORM A SERIES OF OPERATIONS,
BY SPECIFYING A SERIES OF PSEUDO/ENGLISH COMMANDS UNDERSTOOD BY THE LANGUAGE.
^ONE THEN ISSUES A COMMAND TO AN INTERPERTER OR COMPILER PROGRAM (SEE
THE CHAPTER ON LANGUAGES FOR A FURTHER DESCRIPTION) TO CONVERT THE 
PSEUDO/ENGLISH COMMANDS, (TYPICALLY CALLED THE "SOURCE" PROGRAM,)
TO A FORM SUITABLE FOR USE BY THE COMPUTER ITSELF.
^THE PROGRAMS THAT TRANSLATE THE "SOURCE" PROGRAMS TO COMPUTER USEABLE
FORM ARE TYPICALLY CALLED "LANGUAGES."
.HEADERLEVEL 1 C\\OMMAND FORMAT
^A COMMAND IS GIVEN TO THE COMPUTER BY SENDING A COMMAND LINE
TO THE ^MONITOR ^CONSOLE ^ROUTINE (CALLED ^^MCR\\)
IN RESPONSE TO AN (^^MCR\\>)
PROMPT.
^A COMMAND LINE CONSISTS OF THREE PARTS - THE COMMAND NAME,
ANY DESIRED COMMAND PARAMETERS, AND A TERMINATOR.
^FOR EXAMPLE:
.FG 1;.INDENT 5
^^MCR>{RUN TEST01$}\\
.FG 1
.LEFT MARGIN 15
.INDENT -5
^COMMAND NAME:
^^MCR\\ INTERPRETS ALL CHARACTERS FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE LINE 
TO THE FIRST SPACE, TAB, OR TERMINATOR AS THE COMMAND NAME.
^ONLY THE FIRST THREE CHARACTERS ARE USED TO IDENTIFY THE COMMAND,
SO ANY NUMBER OF ALPHANUMERIC CHARACTERS MAY BE APPENDED TO
THESE THREE TO IMPROVE THE READABILITY OF THE COMMAND.
^FOR EXAMPLE, ^^ABO\\ OR ^^ABORT\\ HAVE THE SAME EFFECT AS A
COMMAND NAME.
.FG 1
^UNDER THE CURRENT SYSTEM, EACH USER NAME HAS ASSOCIATED WITH IT A SET OF
USER PRIVILEGES THAT CONTROL WHAT PROGRAMS AND SYSTEM UTILITES THAT USER
CAN RUN. ^IF YOU REQUEST AN ACTION WHICH YOU CURRENTLY ARE NOT ALLOWED,
THE SYSTEM WILL PRINT THE MESSAGE:
.FG 1;.INDENT 5
^^CURRENT USER PRIVILEGES DO NOT ALLOW THAT FUNCTION\\
.FG 1
^PLEASE ASK US IF YOU WISH TO USE SOME FUNCTION THAT YOUR CURRENT PRIVILEGES
DO NOT ALLOW.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
^PARAMETERS:
^THE COMMAND DESCRIPTIONS FOLLOWING INDICATE WHETHER ANY PARAMETERS
ARE REQUIRED FOR EACH COMMAND, AND WHAT EFFECT THE PARAMETERS HAVE.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
^TERMINATOR:
^A COMMAND LINE IS TERMINATED BY A CARRIAGE RETURN OR AN ESCAPE
OR (^^ALT\\ MODE) KEY.
^IF A CARRIAGE RETURN IS TYPED, ^^MCR\\ WILL INDICATE COMPLETION
.INDEX PROMPT
OF THE COMMAND BY RETURNING AND RE-ISSUING THE PROMPT (<MCR>).
^THE ESCAPE KEY SUPRESSES THE RETURN OF <MCR AFTER COMPLETION OF THE
COMMAND. ^TYPICALLY ONE USES THE ESCAPE KEY WHEN ONE RUNS A PROGRAM
SO THAT <MCR DOES NOT COME BACK IN THE MIDDLE OF RUNNING SAID PROGRAM.
.LEFT MARGIN 10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 I\\NDIRECT COMMANDS
^COMMANDS CAN ALSO BE ISSUED FROM AN "^INDIRECT ^COMMAND ^FILE". ^IN
ESSENCE, ANY SERIES OF COMMANDS THAT ONE CAN GIVE TO <MCR CAN BE PLACED
IN A FILE. ^THE INITIAL VARIANT TO THE NORMAL COMMAND LINE FORMAT:
.FG 1;.INDENT 5
^^MCR>{_@F\\ILESPEC}
.FG 1
^CAUSES <MCR TO READ AND EXECUTE THE SERIES OF COMMANDS
CONTAINED IN THE NAMED FILE (RATHER THAN READING COMMANDS FROM THE TERMINAL.)
<MCR WILL PRINT EACH COMMAND AT THE TERMINAL AS IT IS ACTED UPON SO THE
USER CAN KEEP TRACK OF WHAT IS HAPPENING. <MCR WILL NOT RETURN CONTROL
TO THE TERMINAL UNTIL IT FINISHES EXECUTING THE LAST COMMAND IN THE FILE,
OR UNTIL AN ERROR OCCURS EXECUTING ONE OF THE COMMANDS IN THE FILE.
.FG 1
^IN ALL FOLLOWING COMMAND EXAMPLES, THE USERS'S RESPONSE TO <MCR IS
TYPED IN <RED, OR ENCLOSED IN "_{_}"'S.
.CHAPTER ^^SYSTEM COMMANDS\\
.TAB STOPS 40
.INDEX ^^ABO\\
.INDEX ABORT COMMAND
.INDEX ABORT
.LM 10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^ABO\\ (^ABORT)
^USED TO TERMINATE TASK EXECUTION.
^NOTE THAT TASKS EVOKED BY STANDARD <MCR COMMANDS OF "<MCR>XXX" ARE
ACTUALLY NAMED "<...XXX".
^ONLY A PRIVILEGED TERMINAL MAY ABORT TASKS INITIATED FROM ANOTHER
TERMINAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
.NOFILL
^^MCR>{ABO XXX}\\	!STOP THE TASK <XXX.
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{ABO ...F4P}\\	!STOP THE ^^FORTRAN\\COMPILER.
.INDENT 2
^^<MCR>{ABO ...BAS/TI=TT2}\\	!STOP <BASIC AT <TT2.
.SKIP 1
.FILL
^^NOTE:\\ ^THE TERMINAL MAY RESPOND BEFORE THE ABORT HAS
BEEN COMPLETED.
^THE ONLY POSITIVE INDICATION OF A COMPLETED ABORT IS THE
.INDEX TERMINATION MESSAGE
MESSAGE PRINTED AT THE TERMINAL WHICH INITIATED THE TASK.
^IF THIS MESSAGE IS NOT PRINTED, IT COULD BE BECAUSE
THE ABORT IS WAITING FOR AN ^I/^O UNIT TO BE MADE READY
BEFORE COMPLETING.
^DO NOT PROCEED UNTIL THE MESSAGE HAS BEEN PRINTED.
.LEFT MARGIN 10
.FILL
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^ACT\\ (^ACTIVE ^TASK ^LIST)
.INDEX ^^ACT\\
.INDEX ACTIVE TASK
^USED TO DISPLAY THE NAMES OF ALL CURRENTLY ACTIVE TASKS 
WHICH WERE INITIATED FROM THE TERMINAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{ACT}\\
.INDENT 2
^^...ACT	!ACT\\ PRINTS THIS LIST.
.INDENT 2
^^...F4P\\	!^^FORTRAN\\ COMPILER IS RUNNING.
.SKIP 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^AID\\ 
.INDEX ^^AID\\
.INDEX ^ON-LINE INFORMATION
^AID PROVIDES ON-LINE INFORMATION ABOUT MOST OF THE PROGRAMS AND COMMANDS
AVAILABLE TO THE SYSTEM. TYPING "<AID" ALONE WILL PRODUCE A LIST OF PROGRAMS
FOR WHICH AID IS AVAILABLE.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{AID QUE}\\	!^GET HELP ON QUEUE MANAGER.
.SKIP 2
.INDEX ^^BYE\\
.INDEX SIGN OFF
.INDEX LOG OFF
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^BYE\\ (^SIGN-OFF)
.LEFT MARGIN 10
^USED TO SIGN OFF THE SYSTEM.
^FURTHER USE OF THE TERMINAL IS PREVENTED UNTIL THE USER
SIGNS ON AGAIN.
^USERS SHOULD ALWAYS ENTER A ^^BYE\\ COMMAND BEFORE 
LEAVING A TERMINAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{BYE}\\
.INDENT 2
^^USER XXXXXXXXX LOGGED OFF AT : 10:12:14
.INDENT 2
CONNECT TIME WAS: 2:12:32:16
.INDENT 2
GOOD MORNING\\
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^CIE\\ 
.INDEX ^^CIE\\
.INDEX ^PRINT AT CIE PRINTER.
^PRINT A SPECIFIED FILE AT THE CIE PRINTER/PLOTTER. ^THIS PROGRAM ALSO LETS
ONE PRINT FILES CONTAINING GRAPHIC DATA RATHER THAN JUST ASCII.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{CIE GRAPH.DOC}\\	!^PRINT A PREVIOUSLY GENERATED GRAPH.
.SKIP 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^COO\\ ^^COO\\KIE
.INDEX ^^COO\\KIE
^GIVES A "FORTUNE-COOKIE" REPLY.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{COO}\\
.SKIP 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DAM (DAM\\MIT)
.INDEX ^^DAM\\MIT
^AN AID TO PROGRAMMER FRUSTRATION. ^MUCH BETTER THAN POUNDING THE <CRT
WITH YOUR FIST.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DAMMIT}	!I\\T'S BEEN A BAD DAY
.INDENT 2
^THE MORE ^I SEE MY FELLOW MAN, THE MORE ^I LIKE MY DOG.
.HEADERLEVEL 1 <DEMO
.INDEX ^^DEMO\\
^DISPLAYS A "PICTURE" OF THE COMPUTER'S MEMORY ON A <CRT TERMINAL, SHOWING
WHICH TASKS ARE CURRENTLY RUNNING, ^TASKS THAT HAVE BEEN "SWAPPED" OUT
(ARE WAITING FOR THEIR TURN TO EXECUTE,) AND SHOWS STATUS OF EACH TERMINAL
ON THE SYSTEM.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
<MCR>{DEMO}
.INDEX ^^DMO\\
.INDEX DISMOUNT
.INDEX ^^ANSI\\ MAGTAPE
.INDEX FILE
.INDEX MOUNTED VOLUME
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DMO\\ (^DISMOUNT)
.LEFT MARGIN 10
^USED TO DISMOUNT A MOUNTED VOLUME.
^THIS OPERATION IS ONLY MEANINGFUL FOR FILE-STRUCTURED VOLUMES
(DISKS OR ^^ANSI\\ MAG TAPES).
^THERE MAY BE A DELAY IN COMPLETING THE DISMOUNT OPERATION
IF ^^I/O\\ OPERATIONS ARE IN PROGRESS ON THE VOLUME.
^A DISMOUNTED TAPE VOLUME WILL BE TURNED OFFLINE.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DMO MT:}	!D\\ISMOUNT MAG-TAPE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DUP\\ 
.INDEX ^^DUP\\LEX
^CAUSES YOUR TERMINAL TO ACT AS IF IT WERE CONNECTED TO THE PDP11/45 SYSTEM.
^ALL TERMINAL <I/O IS SENT THRU THE 11/44 TO THE 11/45. (^THE PROGRAM IS
TERMINATED BY TYPING A <CONTROL/B.)
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DUP}\\
.SKIP 2
.INDEX <FAC
.INDEX ^FILE ^ACTIVITY
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^FAC\\ (^FILE ^A^CTIVITY)
^A PROGRAM WHICH SHOWS WHICH FILES ON A GIVEN DISK ARE CURRENTLY BEING ACCESSED
BY PROGRAMS (OR THE SYSTEM.)
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{FAC TI:=DP1:/FILES}	!S\\HOW ACTIVITY ON <DP1:
.INDEX ^^HEL\\
.INDEX ^^HELLO\\
.INDEX LOG ON
.INDEX SIGN ON
.INDEX PASSWORD
.INDEX DEFAULT ^^UIC\\
.INDEX USER CODE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^HEL\\ (^HELLO)
.LEFT MARGIN 10
^USED TO LOG ON TO A TERMINAL.
^NO COMMANDS WILL
BE PROCESSED FROM A TERMINAL UNTIL A USER HAS LOGGED
IN.
^THE USER IS ASKED FOR A PASSWORD TO CONFIRM HIS AUTHORIZATION,
ACCOUNTING INFORMATION IS RECORDED, AND A SYSTEM MESSAGE IS
PRINTED.
.SKIP 1
^THE EXAMPLES WHICH FOLLOW HAVE OMITTED THE SYSTEM GREETING
MESSAGE.
^THIS MESSAGE IDENTIFIES THE SYSTEM VERSION,
THE TIME AND DATE, AND INCLUDES AN INFORMATION MESSAGE.
.INDEX TIME
.INDEX DATE
.SKIP 1
.TAB STOPS 35
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{HELLO IRVING}\\	!USER IDENTIFIES HIMSELF
.INDENT 2
^^PASSWORD:\\	!SYSTEM REQUESTS PASSWORD
.SKIP 1
^^NOTES:\\
.BREAK
-THE PASSWORD IS NOT ECHOED.
.BREAK
-THE SYSTEM MESSAGE MAY BE STOPPED BY TYPING
^^CTRL/O\\.
^USERS ARE URGED TO READ THIS MESSAGE AT LEAST ONCE A DAY.
.BREAK
-<HEL WILL AUTOMATICALLY RUN IF THE TERMINAL IS NOT LOGGED ON.
.INDEX <INF
.INDEX ^^INF\\ORMATION UTILITIES
.INDEX <INFORM
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^INF (INF\\ORMATION PACKAGE)
^REESE UTILITY PACKAGE TO PROVIDE INFORMATION ABOUT CURRENT SYSTEM STATUS.
^VARIOUS OPTIONS TO REPORT SUNDRY INFORMATION.
^FULL DOCUMENTATION IS CONTAINED INT THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.TS 42
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF ACT}	!L\\IST ALL ACTIVE TASKS
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF ATL ...XXX}	!L\\IST <ATL FOR TASK ...<XXX
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF CKQ}	!L\\IST CONTENTS OF CLOCK QUE
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF FRM}	!L\\IST DEV'S WITH NON-0 FORMS TYPE
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF IOR ...XXX}	!L\\IST TASK'S <I/O NODES
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF MAP GEN}	!S\\HOW USAGE OF PARTITION
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF NOD}	!S\\HOW NODE USAGE OF ALL TASKS
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF PUD DDN:}	!S\\HOW <PUD FOR DEVICE <DDN:
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF STD ...XXX}	!S\\HOW <STD FOR TASK ...<XXX
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INF TER TTN:}	!S\\HOW TERMINAL CHARACTERISTICS
.INDEX ^^INI\\
.INDEX INITIALIZE COMMAND
.INDEX FILE
.LM 10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^INI\\ (^^INI\\TIALIZE VOLUME)
^USED TO INITIALIZE A USER'S VOLUME.
^THE VOLUME MUST BE LOADED ONTO A DEVICE.
^NOTE THAT TAPE LABELS ARE LIMITED TO 6 CHARACTERS.
^USERS SHOULD CONSULT THE COMPUTER SYSTEM STAFF BEFORE
USING THIS COMMAND.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INI MT1:ARCHIV}\\
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INI DP2:MYDISK}\\
.SKIP 1
^^NOTE:\\ ^ALL FILES ON THE VOLUME WILL BE DESTROYED!
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^INS (INS\\TALL TASK)
.INDEX ^^INS\\
.INDEX ^INSTALL TASK
^TELLS THE SYSTEM TO TAKE THE PROGRAM IN THE SPECIFIED FILE AND MAKE IT
AVAILABLE FOR USE. ^THE PROGRAM THEN CAN BE ACTIVATED BY <MCR OR BY <RUN.
^TASKS THAT YOU WISH TO BE CALLABLE FROM <MCR MUST BE INSTALLED WITH A NAME
OF THE FORM "...<XXX".
^FURTHER INFORMATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS <MCR MANUAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INS MYPROG}	!I\\NSTALL "RUN" TYPE PROGRAM
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{INS ABC/TASK=...ABC}	!I\\NSTALL <MCR TYPE PROGRAM.
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^LOA (LOA\\D DEVICE HANDLER)
.INDEX ^^LOA\\
.INDEX ^LOAD DEVICE HANDLER
.INDEX ^DEVICE HANDLER
^ACTIVATES A SPECIAL PROGRAM CALLED A "DEVICE HANDLERS." ^DEVICE HANDLERS ARE
PROGRAMS THAT SERVICE ALL <I/O REQUESTS FOR A GIVEN HARDWARE DEVICE. ^LITTLE
USED DEVICES SUCH AS THE ^CARD ^READER DO NOT NORMALLY HAVE THEIR HANDLER
PROGRAMS EXECUTING BECAUSE THEY DO TAKE UP VALUABLE COMPUTER MEMORY.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{LOA CR}	!L\\OAD CARD READER HANDLER
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^LUN (L\\OGICAL ^U^NIT TABLE LIST)
.INDEX ^^LUN\\
.INDEX ^LOGICAL ^UNIT ^TABLE
^LISTS THE ^LOGICAL ^UNIT ^TABLE FOR AN INSTALLED TASK. ^THE <LUT SHOWS
THE ACTUAL DEVICES FOR EACH OF THE "LOGICAL UNITS". ^PROGRAMS DOING
INPUT/OUTPUT CAN CONTROL THE PHYSICAL DEVICE THEY USE BY USING DIFFERENT
 "LOGICAL UNITS".
^FURTHER INFORMATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS <MCR MANUAL.
.SKIP 1
.BREAK;.LM 12;.NOFILL
^^MCR>{LUN ...SDV}	!L\\IST LUNS FOR ^^SDV
 **** ...SDV
SY0 1,2,3,4
TI0 5
CL0 6\\
.LM 10;.FILL
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^LUT (L\\OGICAL ^UNIT LIST FOR ACTIVE ^TASK)
.INDEX ^^LUT\\
.INDEX ^ACTIVE ^TASK ^LOGICAL ^UNIT ^TABLE
^LISTS THE ^LOGICAL ^UNIT ^TABLE FOR AN ACTIVE TASK
^SHOWS INFORMATION ABOUT FILES CURRENTLY OPEN, INCLUDING INFORMATION
AS TO WHAT VIRTUAL BLOCKS OF THE FILES ARE BEING ACCESSED.
^FURTHER INFORMATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.SKIP 1
.BREAK;.LM 12
^^MCR>{LUT ...ABC/TI:TT2}	!L\\IST LUNS FOR TASK AT <TT2:
.LM 10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^MAY\\ THE BIRD OF HAPPINESS...
.INDEX ^^MAY\\ THE BIRD OF HAPPINESS
^RESPONDS WITH A RANDOM REMARK OF THE FORM, "MAY THE BIRD OF PARADISE..."
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{MAY}\\
.BREAK
.SKIP 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^MMC\\ ^TAPE TO TAPE COPY.
.INDEX ^^MMC\\ ^TAPE TO TAPE COPY.
.INDEX ^TAPE TO TAPE COPY.
^COPIES THE TAPE ON THE 1600BPI ^CIPHER TAPE DRIVE TO THE 800BPI <TU10
TAPE DRIVE. ^A COMPANION PROGRAM, <MTC COPIES IN THE REVERSE DIRECTION.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{MMC}\\
.SKIP 2
.INDEX ^^MOU\\
.INDEX MOUNT COMMAND
.INDEX MOUNTED VOLUME
.INDEX FILE
.INDEX ^^ANSI\\ MAGTAPE
.INDEX MAGNETIC TAPE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^MOU (MOU\\NT DEVICE)
.LEFT MARGIN 10
^USED TO MOUNT A FILE-STRUCTURED VOLUME (DISK
OR ^^ANSI\\ STANDARD FORMAT MAGNETIC TAPE).
^VOLUMES WHICH ARE NOT FILE-STRUCTURED MUST BE MOUNTED WITH "<FOREIGN"
CHARACTERISTICS.
.SKIP 1
.LEFT MARGIN 12
^^MCR>{MOU MT0:ARCHIV}\\
.BREAK
^^MCR>{MOU MT0:/CHA=[FOR]}\\
.BREAK
^^MCR>{MOU DK1:TEMPSTOR}\\
.LM 10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^MTC\\ ^TAPE TO TAPE COPY
.INDEX ^^MTC\\ ^TAPE TO TAPE COPY
^COPIES FROM THE 800BPI <TU10 TAPE DRIVE TO THE 1600BPI ^CIPHER TAPE
DRIVE.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{MTC}\\
.SKIP 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^MUR\\ ^MURPHYS LAWS.
.INDEX ^^MUR\\PHY
^RESPONDS WITH A RANDOM SELECTION OF MURPHY'S LAWS.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{MUR}\\
.BREAK
^JENSEN'S LAW: ^WIN OR LOSE, YOU LOSE.
.SKIP 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^OPR (OP\\E^RATE DEVICE SPOOLER)
.INDEX ^^OPR DV:/SW\\
.INDEX ^OPERATE ON PRINTER QUE
^ALLOWS ONE TO CONTROL THE LIST OF FILES CURRENTLY "LINED UP" FOR PRINTING
AT THE LINE PRINTERS. ^ALLOWS YOU TO CHANGE OR REMOVE ENTERIES IN THE LIST.
^FURTHER INFORMATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS <MCR MANUAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{OPR LP:/AB}	!A\\BORT PRINTING THE CURRENT FILE
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{OPR LP1:/RS}	!R\\E-SUME (AFTER LOADING PAPER)
.INDEX <QUE
.INDEX ^QUEUE MANAGER
.INDEX ^PRINTER ^QUEUE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^QUE (QUE\\UE MANAGER)
^ENTERS THE FILE IN QUESTION INTO THE LIST OF FILES TO BE PRINTED AT THE
LINE PRINTER. ^FILE WILL "WAIT IN LINE" UNTIL IT'S TURN COMES UP AND THEN
WILL BE PRINTED AT THE LINE PRINTER.
<QUE CAN ALSO BE USED TO EXAMINE THE CURRENT "LIST" OF FILES TO BE PRINTED.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS <MCR ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{QUE /LI}	!L\\IST FILES TO BE PRINTED
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{QUE LP:=ABC.DAT}	!P\\RINT DATA FILE AT <LP:
.INDEX <QUX
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^QUX (QU\\EUE LIST WITH E^XTENSIONS)
^AN EXPANDED VERSION OF <QUE. ^CAN CALCULATE EXPECTED PRINT TIMES, DO OTHER
NICE THINGS.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{QUX /TI}	!L\\IST EXPECTED PRINT TIMES
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^REA (REA\\SSIGN ^^LUNS\\ OF TASK)
.INDEX <REA
.INDEX ^REASSIGN ^LUN'S
^CHANGES THE <LUN ASSIGNMENT FOR AN INSTALLED TASK. ^ENABLES YOU TO
RE-DIRECT THE <I/O OF A PROGRAM TO A DIFFERENT DEVICE WITHOUT CHANGING
THE PROGRAM.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{REA PROGRM 1 LP1:}	!C\\HANGE BECAUSE <LP: NOT WORKING
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^RED (RE-D\\IRECT DEVICE)
.INDEX ^^RED\\
.INDEX ^DEVICE RE-DIRECT
^CAUSES ALL <I/O REQUESTS FOR THE 2ND DEVICE OF THE COMMAND
TO BE SENT TO THE FIRST DEVICE OF THE COMMAND.
^USEFUL WHEN ONE DEVICE IS BROKEN. ^WORKS LIKE <REA BUT FOR ALL PROGRAMS
AND ALL ^^LUN\\'S.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{RED LP1:=LP0:}	!R\\E-DIRECT BECAUSE <LP0 BROKEN.
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{RED LP0:=LP0:}	!R\\ESTORE AFTER FIXING <LP0.
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^REM (REM\\OVE TASK)
.INDEX ^^REM\\OVE ^TASK
^REMOVES A TASK FROM THE SYSTEM LIST OF RUNNABLE PROGRAMS. (^SEE ^^INS\\TALL.)
^USED TO REPLACE A GIVEN PROGRAM WITH A NEWER VERSION.
^FURTHER INFORMATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS <MCR MANUAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{REM PROGRM}	!R\\EMOVE USER'S PROGRAM
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{REM ...ABC}	!R\\EMOVE ^SYSTEM PROGRAM.
.LM 10
.SKIP 1
.INDEX ^^RESUME\\
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^RES (RES\\UME TASK)
^USED TO CONTINUE EXECUTION OF A SUSPENDED TASK.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{RESUME MYTASK}\\
.SKIP 1
.INDEX SUSPEND
^^NOTE:\\ ^A TASK CAN ONLY BE SUSPENDED BY ITSELF.
^THIS CAN BE DONE USING A SYSTEM CALL WITHIN THE PROGRAM, FOR
EXAMPLE, IN ^^FORTRAN:
.INDENT 2
.SKIP 1
CALL SUSPND
.INDEX ^^RUN\\
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^RUN (RUN\\ TASK)
^USED TO RUN A TASK.
.INDEX TASK NAME
^IF A TASK IS CURRENTLY INSTALLED WITH THE SPECIFIED NAME, IT WILL BE
RUN. ^OTHERWISE
THE NAME IS ASSUMED TO BE THE NAME OF FILE CONTAINING A RUNNABLE TASK.
^THIS TASK WILL BE INSTALLED WITH
THE SAME NAME AS THE FIRST 6 CHARACTERS OF THE
FILENAME, AND WILL BE RUN.
^IT IS USUALLY ADVISABLE TO TERMINATE THE COMMAND WITH AN "<ESC" SO THAT
<MCR DOES NOT RETURN, AND DOES NOT INTERFERE WITH THE TASK'S READING
FROM THE TERMINAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
.NOFILL
^^MCR>{RUN DK2:PROG$}\\	!GET THE TASK FROM ^^DK2:PROG.TSK\\
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{RUN PROG$}\\	!RUN A SYSTEM PROGRAM
.FILL
.INDEX ^^TI:\\
.SKIP 1
^^NOTES: TI:\\ WILL BE ESTABLISHED AS THE TERMINAL FROM WHICH THE
TASK WAS RUN.
^THIS COMMAND ONLY ^^REQUESTS\\ THAT A TASK BE RUN,
AND IT IS POSSIBLE THAT THE TASK WILL NOT BE STARTED
IMMEDIATELY (E.#G. INSUFFICIENT MEMORY).
^IN THIS CASE, WAIT FOR THE ^^TASK\\  (NOT ^^MCR\\) TO RESPOND
BEFORE PROCEEDING. 
^IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO ABORT THE TASK UNTIL IT BEGINS
.INDEX ABORT
TO RUN, AND ATTEMPTING TO ^^RUN\\ IT AGAIN IS POINTLESS.
^PLEASE BE PATIENT AT TIMES LIKE THIS, THE SYSTEM IS
PROBABLY BUSY, AND WILL GET TO YOU EVENTUALLY.
.INDEX <SDV
.INDEX ^SET ^DEFAULT ^DEVICE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^SDV (S\\ET DEFAULT ^DE^VICE)
^SETS THE DEFAULT DEVICE FOR YOUR TERMINAL. ^ANY REFERENCES TO FILENAMES
WITHOUT EXPLICIT DEVICE SPECIFICATIONS WILL REFER TO THE SPECIFIED DEVICE.
^THIS ALSO SETS YOUR SYSTEM DEVICE "<SY0:".
^SEE ^CHAPTER 6 FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT <FILES AND <DEVICES.
.FG 1
.INDENT 3
^^MCR>{SDV DK0:}\\	!SET DEFAULT DEVICE TO DISK 0.
.INDENT 3
^^MCR>{SDV SD0:}\\	!SET DEFAULT TO USER'S DISK.

.SKIP 2
.TEST PAGE 6
.INDEX ^^SEND\\
.INDEX MESSAGES
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^SEN\\ (^SEND MESSAGE)
^USED TO SEND A LINE OF TEXT TO ANOTHER TERMINAL.
^THE RECEIVING TERMINAL MUST BE LOGGED IN.
^THE MESSAGE WILL BE PRINTED ON THE INDICATED TERMINAL,
PRECEDED BY THE SENDING TERMINAL'S NAME.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{SEN TT4:DONE WITH TAPE???}\\
.SKIP 1
.INDEX ^^SET /UIC\\
.INDEX ^DEFAULT <UIC
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^SET (SET\\ DEFAULT <UIC)
^SETS THE DEFAULT <UIC (USER IDENTIFICATION CODE) TO BE USED WHEN
REFERENCING FILES.
^A SIMPLER VERSION "<USE" IS DOCUMENTED LATER.
.SKIP 1
.LEFT MARGIN 12
^^MCR>{SET /UIC=[100,100]}\\	!SET DEFAULT ^^UIC\\
.LM 10
.INDEX <SUB
.INDEX ^SUBMIT BATCH RUN
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^SUB (SUB\\MIT BATCH JOB)
^SUBMITS THE BATCH RUN SPECIFIED IN FILE "<XXXXXX.BIS" TO THE BATCH
PROCESSING SYSTEM.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS ^BATCH ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{SUB BATCH.BIS}\\
.INDEX <SYS
.INDEX ^SYSTEM ^INFORMATION
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^SYS (SYS\\TEM INFORMATION PACKAGE)
^PROVIDES VARIOUS SYSTEM INFORMATION FUNCTIONS.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS <MCR ^MANUAL.
.FG 1;.TS 42
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{SYS /DEV}	!L\\IST ALL DEVICES AVAILABLE
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{SYS /TAS}	!L\\IST ALL INSTALLED TASKS
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{SYS /COM}	!L\\IST ALL INSTALLED COMMON AREAS
.INDEX <TER
.INDEX ^TERMINAL CONFIGURATOR
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^TER (TER\\MINAL CHARACTERISTICS)
^CHANGES THE CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUR TERMINAL. ^INFORMS THE SYSTEM ABOUT
VARIOUS CAPABLILITES OF YOUR TERMINAL.
.FG 1
.TS 42
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{TER /SORO}	!S\\ETS TERMINAL TYPE
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{TER /SPEED:300}	!S\\ETS SPEED TO 300 BAUD
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{TER /LCI}	!E\\NABLES LOWER CASE INPUT
.INDEX ^^TIME\\
.INDEX TIME
.INDEX DATE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^TIM\\ (^SHOW ^^TIM\\E AND DATE)\\
^USED TO DISPLAY CURRENT TIME AND DATE.
.INDENT 2
.SKIP 1
^^MCR>{TIME}\\
.BREAK;.INDENT 2
13:14:15 29-^^FEB\\-77
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^UNL (UNL\\OAD DEVICE HANDLER)
.INDEX ^^UNL\\OAD HANDLER
.INDEX ^HANDLER UNLOAD
^DE-ACTIVATES A CURRENTLY ACTIVE DEVICE HANDLER TASK. (^SEE ^^LOA\\D.)
^USED WHEN NO MORE <I/O NEEDS TO BE DONE FOR A LITTLE USED DEVICE.
^FURTHER INFORMATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS <MCR MANUAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{UNL CR}	!U\\NLOAD CARD-READER HANDLER
.SKIP 1
.INDEX ^^USE\\ (UIC)
.INDEX ^DEFAULT <UIC
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^USE (USE\\ DEFAULT <UIC)
^SETS THE DEFAULT <UIC (USER IDENTIFICATION CODE) TO BE USED WHEN
REFERENCING FILES.
^NOTE THAT THIS VERSION HAS A SIMPLER FORMAT THAN "<SET"
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{USE\\ 100,100}	!SET DEFAULT <UIC
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^WHO\\ (^SHOW ^^WHO\\'S LOGGED ON)
.INDEX ^^WHO\\
.INDEX ^LIST LOGGED-ON USERS
^LISTS ALL TERMINALS THAT ARE CURRENTLY LOGGED ON, ALONG WITH SUNDRY INFORMATION
AS TO PROGRAMS ACTIVE AT THE TERMINAL, USER NAME, ETC.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{WHO}\\
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^WHE\\ (^SHOW ^^WHE\\RE TERMINALS ARE)
.INDEX ^^WHE\\RE
^LISTS CURRENT INFORMATION AS TO THE PHYSICAL LOCATION, TYPE OF TERMINAL, AND
DEFAULT TERMINAL OPERATING SPEED FOR ALL TERMINALS ON THE SYSTEM.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{WHERE}\\
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^WHN\\ (^SHOW ^W^HE^N THINGS WILL OCCUR)
.INDEX ^^WH\\E^N
^INDEX ^CLOCK QUEUE LIST
^LISTS ALL EVENTS IN THE "CLOCK QUE". ^THE CLOCK QUE IS A LIST OF TASK
REQUESTS FOR THINGS TO HAPPEN AT A FUTURE TIME. ^TWO TYPES OF REQUESTS
OCCUR. ^REQUESTS FROM A TASK TO "WAIT" (SUSPEND OPERATION) FOR A GIVEN
AMOUNT OF TIME, (OR UNTIL A SPECIFIC TIME OF DAY,) OR REQUESTS TO "RUN"
A SPECIFIED PROGRAM AT A GIVEN FUTURE TIME.
^FURTHER INFORMATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS <MCR MANUAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{WHN}	!L\\IST CLOCK QUE
.LM 10
.RIGHT MARGIN 75
.CHAPTER ^^UTILITY COMMANDS\\
.INDEX ^UTILITIES.
.INDEX ^UTILITY COMMANDS
^MANY TASKS ARE AVAILABLE ON THE SYSTEM FOR CONVENIENCE TO THE USER.
^SOME OF THESE TASKS ARE INSTALLED IN THE SYSTEM SO THAT THE USER
MAY INVOKE THEM BY TYPING THE TASK NAME (^^PIP, PRI\\), OPTIONALLY FOLLOWED
BY AN INPUT STRING.
.FG 1
^COMPLETE DOCUMENTATION ON SOME OF THESE TASKS
IS AVAILABLE IN THE ^^IAS U\\TILITIES MANUAL,
OTHER UTILITIES DEVELOPED HERE ARE USUALLY DOCUMENTED IN
MANUALS PREPARED BY THE DEPARTMENT.
.FG 1
^THE SCOPE OF THIS MANUAL PRECLUDES LISTING ALL OF THE UTILITIES CURRENTLY
AVAILABLE ON THE SYSTEM. ^RATHER IT IS INTENDED TO PRESENT A STARTING SUB-SET
TO ENABLE THE NEW USER TO INITIALLY LEARN THE SYSTEM. ^VARIOUS UTILITIES
EXIST WHICH SERVE SPECIAL PURPOSES OR ARE DANGEROUS WHEN USED BY THE NEW
USER. ^EXPERIENCED USERS ARE RECOMMENDED TO CONSULT THE MAIN DOCUMENTATION
RACK FOR FURTHER INFORMATION.
.FG 1
^IN THE FOLLOWING LIST OF UTILITIES, SAMPLE OUTPUT/RESULTS ARE ONLY INCLUDED
IF THE RESULT APPEARS ON THE TERMINAL, AND IS ONE OR TWO LINES LONG. ^OUTPUT
THAT APPEARS SOMEWHERE ELSE, (AT THE LINE PRINTER FOR EXAMPLE,) IS NOT
DISPLAYED. ^NEITHER IS OUTPUT SHOWN WHEN THE OUTPUT IS OVER A FEW LINES LONG.
.SKIP 2
.TAB STOPS 42
.INDEX <ATT
.INDEX ^FILE ^ATTRIBUTES
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^ATT\\ (^LIST FILE ^^ATT\\RIBUTES)
^LISTS THE ATTRIBUTES OF THE SPECIFIED FILE. ^CAN ALSO CHANGE CERTAIN ATTRIBUTES.
^SEE THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL FOR FURTHER INFORMATION.
.BREAK
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{ATT MYFILE.DAT}	!L\\IST ATTRIBUTES OF FILE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^BDI\\ ^^BRU\\ ^DIRECTORY
.INDEX ^^BDI\\ <BRU ^DIRECTORY.
^DOES A DIRECTORY OF A <BRU (^BACKUP AND ^RESTORE ^UTILITY) TAPE.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{BDI}\\
.SKIP 2
.INDEX ^BLOCKS USED/ALLOCATED
.INDEX STORAGE USED
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^BLO (^SHOW ^^BLO\\CK USAGE)
^DISPLAYS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF BLOCKS USED FOR STORAGE BY THE SPECIFIED
<UIC ON THE SPECIFIED DEVICE.
.BREAK
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{BLO}	!\\STORAGE FOR DEFAULT <UIC, <DEV.
.NOFILL
.INDENT 2
^^STORAGE USED/ALLOCATED FOR DIRECTORY DP1:[1,10]
.INDENT 2
26-FEB-81 11:15
 
.INDENT 2
TOTAL OF 110./125. BLOCKS IN 14. FILES\\
.FILL
.INDEX <^^BRI\\EF
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^BRI (BRI\\EF DIRECTORY)
^LIST A SHORT DIRECTORY OF FILES CURRENTLY STORED ON THE DISK. ^LIST FILE
NAME, TYPE AND VERSION ONLY. (^SEE ^^DIR\\ECTORY COMMAND.)
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{BRI FILE.DAT;*}	!D\\O DIRECTORY OF ONE FILE
.NOFILL
.INDENT 2
^^DIRECTORY DP1:[1,10]
 
.INDENT 2
FILE.DAT;2
.INDENT 2
FILE.DAT;3\\
.FILL
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^BUG\\ ^PROGRAM ^DEBUGGER
.INDEX ^^BUG\\ PROGRAM DEBUGGER
^A SCREEN BASED <FORTRAN PROGRAM DEBUGGER. A SEPARATE MANUAL IS AVAILABLE
FOR THIS PROGRAM.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{BUG\\ <PROGRAM}
.SKIP 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^CMP\\ ^COMPARE TWO FILES.
.INDEX ^^CMP\\ ^COMPARE TWO FILES.
^COMPARES TWO FILES, LISTS DIFFERENCES.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{CMP TI:=FILE1.FOR,FILE2.FOR}\\
.SKIP 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DEL\\ETE ^DELETE A FILE.
.INDEX ^^DEL\\ETE
^DELETES THE SPECIFIED FILE(S). ^WILD CARDS MAY BE SPECIFIED IN THE FILE
SPECIFICATION. ^THE SYSTEM WILL PROMPT FOR AN ANSWER BEFORE DELETING THE
FILE IN QUESTION. ^YOUR ANSWER MAY BE ONE OF THE FOLLOWING:
.BREAK
	^Y	^YES, DELETE FILE.
.BREAK
	^N	^NO, DO NOT DELETE FILE.
.BREAK
	^G	^GO ON WITHOUT ASKING ANY MORE.
.BREAK
	^Q	^QUIT.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DEL} MYFILE.DOC\\
.BREAK
.INDENT 2
^DELETE FILE ^^DP1:[1,10]MYFILE.DOC;1 [YNGQ]?{Y}\\
.SKIP 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DIA\\ (^PRINT FILE AT ^^DIA\\BLO PRINTER)
.INDEX <DIABLO
.INDEX ^LETTER-QUALITY PRINTER
^LIST THE SPECIFIED FILE AT THE <DIABLO LETTER-QUALITY PRINTER.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DIA MANUAL.DOC}	!P\\RINT RUNOFF MANUAL AT ^DIABLO.
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DIB\\ (^PRINT FILE AT CUT-SHEET PRINTER)
.FG 2
.INDEX <DIB
.INDEX ^CUT-SHEET PRINTER
^LIST THE SPECIFIED FILE AT THE CUT-SHEET PRINTER.
^THIS PROGRAM IS THE SAME AS THE ^D^I^ABLO PROGRAM.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DIB MANUAL.DOC}	!P\\RINT MANUAL ON BOND PAPER.
.INDEX <DIR
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DIR (^NORMAL ^^DIR\\ECTORY)
^LIST A DIRECTORY OF FILES CURRENTLY STORED ON THE DISK. <DIR ALONE PRODUCES
A LIST OF ALL FILES. ^^DIR XXX.*\\ PRODUCES A LIST OF ALL FILES WITH NAMES OF
THE FORM "<XXX". ^^DIR XXX.YYY\\" PRODUCES A DIRECTORY OF THE LATEST VERSION
OF "<XXX.YYY"
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DIR MYFILE.DAT}	!D\\O DIRECTORY OF ONE FILE
.NOFILL
.INDENT 2
^^DIRECTORY DP1:[1,10]
.INDENT 2
26-FEB-81 19:02
 
.INDENT 2
MYFILE.DAT;3        5.         24-FEB-81 12:12
 
.INDENT 2
TOTAL OF   5./5.  BLOCKS IN 1. FILE\\
.FILL
.INDEX <DOC
.INDEX ^PRINT AT LP1:
.INDEX ^PRINT DOCUMENT
.FG 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DOC (^PRINT FILE AT ^^DOC\\UMENT PRINTER)
^PRINTS THE SPECIFIED FILE AT <LP1:. <LP1 IS LOADED WITH CONTINUOUS FORM
PAPER WITH PERFORATED EDGES. ^THE RESULTANT OUTPUT CAN EASILY BE
SEPERATED INTO 8_&1/2" BY 11" PAGES.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DOC MANUAL.DOC}	!P\\RINT <MANUAL.DOC AT <LP1:
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DMP\\ ^DUMP FILE.
.INDEX <DMP ^FILE DUMP.
^PROVIDES A DUMP OF A FILE IN OCTAL, ASCII OR <RAD50 MODE. ^CAN ALSO
DUMP BY BLOCK OR BY RECORD.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DMP TI:=XY.DAT/AS}\\	!^DUMP FILE IN ASCII MODE.
.FG 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^DTC\\ ^DESK TOP CALENDAR.
.INDEX <DCT ^DESK TOP CALENDAR
^PROVIDES AN ON-LINE CALENDAR. ^ALSO HAS ON-LINE HELP AND AN <AID FILE.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{DTC/T}\\	!^GET SCHEDULE FOR TODAY
.FG 2
.INDEX <EDI
.INDEX ^TEXT ^EDITOR
.INDEX ^EDITOR
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^EDI\\ (^FILE ^^EDI\\TOR)
^THE STANDARD TEXT EDITOR. ^AFTER LEARNING A FEW SIMPLE COMMANDS, THE USER
CAN USE <EDI TO PREPARE AND CHANGE SOURCE PROGRAMS, COMMAND FILES, AND OTHER
DOCUMENTS.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{EDI TEST.BAS}\\	!E\\DIT A <BASIC SOURCE PROGRAM
.FG 2
.INDEX <EDT
.INDEX ^KEYPAD ^EDITOR
.INDEX ^EDITOR
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^EDT\\ (^KEYPAD ^^EDI\\TOR)
^D^E^C'S <VT100 SCREEN EDITOR. ^AFTER LEARNING A FEW SIMPLE COMMANDS, THE USER
CAN USE <EDT TO PREPARE AND CHANGE SOURCE PROGRAMS, COMMAND FILES, AND OTHER
DOCUMENTS.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{EDT TEST.BAS}	!E\\DIT A <BASIC SOURCE PROGRAM
.FG 2
.INDEX <FDU
.INDEX ^FILE ^DUMP
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^FDU\\ (^FILE ^D^UMP PROGRAM)
^PRODUCES A DUMP OF A FILE (AT <LP0:) WITH OUTPUT IN <OCTAL, <ASCII AND
<RAD50 ON THE SAME LINE.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{FDU EXEC.STB}	!D\\UMP SYMBOL TABLE FILE 
.INDEX <FHD
.INDEX ^LIST ^FILE ^HEADER FOR FILE
.INDEX ^FILE ^HEADER
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^FHD\\ (^LIST ^FILE ^HEA^DER FOR FILE)
^LIST THE ^FILE ^HEADER FOR THE FILE WHO'S UNIQUE <FILE-ID IS
NNNNNN,MMMMMM. (^THE <FILE-ID IS AVAILABLE BY A FULL DIRECTORY LISTING.)
^THE ^FILE HEADER CONTAINS USEFUL INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT ABSOLUTE BLOCKS
A FILE OCCUPIES ON THE DISK, AND HOW MUCH THE FILE IS FRAGMENTED, (BROKEN
UP INTO SMALL PIECES ALL OVER THE DISK.)
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{FHD 12345,23}	!L\\IST ^FILE-^HEADER FOR 12345,23
.INDEX <FLX
.INDEX ^FILE ^EXCHANGE PROGRAM
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^FLX (F\\I^LE ^X-FER UTILITY)
^FILE TRANSFER PROGRAM. ^USED TO TRANSFER DATA TO AND FROM MAGNETIC TAPES
AND DISKS WHICH USE FORMATS OTHER THAN THE STANDARD ONE USED BY OUR SYSTEM.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{FLX SY:/RS=MT:ABC.TSK/DO}	!R\\EAD A <DOS FORMAT TAPE
.FG 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^FON\\ ^TELEPHONE BOOK
.INDEX <FON ^TELEPHONE BOOK
^PROVIDES A TELEPHONE BOOK FUNCTION.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{FON GEORGE}\\	!^LIST ALL GEORGES IN THE BOOK.
.FG 2
.INDEX <FREE
.INDEX FREE BLOCKS
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^FRE\\ (^LIST ^^FRE\\E BLOCKS ON DEVICE)
^LIST NUMBER OF USED AND FREE BLOCKS ON THE DISK.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{FREE DK0:}	!L\\IST FREE BLOCKS ON <DK0:
.NOFILL
 
.INDENT 2
^^DK0: HAS 302. BLOCKS FREE, 4498. BLOCKS USED....
.INDENT 2
LARGEST CONTIGUOUS SPACE = 92. BLOCKS\\
.FILL
.INDEX <FRG
.INDEX ^DISK ^FRAGMENTATION
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^FRG\\ (^SHOW DEVICE ^F^RA^GMENTAION)
^SHOWS HOW FRAGMENTED THE UNUSED BLOCKS ON A DISK ARE. ^IDEALLY A DISK
SHOULD HAVE ALL IT'S AVAILABLE SPACE TOGETHER. ^AS DISKS ARE USED, THE
AVAILABLE SPACE IS MORE AND MORE BROKEN UP INTO SMALL PIECES ALL OVER
THE DISK.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{FRG DP1:}	!C\\HECK FRAGMENTATION OF <DP1
.FG 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^KED\\ ^KEYPAD EDITOR
.INDEX <KED ^KEYPAD EDITOR
^AN EDITOR QUITE SIMILIAR TO <EDT WITH SOME OTHER FEATURES.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{KED MYFILE.FOR/CR}\\	!^CREATE NEW FILE
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{K52 MYFILE.FOR/CR}\\	!^EDIT USING A <VT52 TERMINAL
.FG 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^LAS\\ ^LASER PRINTER
.INDEX <LAS ^LASER PRINTER
^PRINTS THE SPECIFIED FILE AT THE <LNO3 LASER PRINTER.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{LAS LETTER.DOC}\\	!^PRINT LETTER
.FG 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^LBR\\ ^LIBRARIAN
.INDEX <LBR ^LIBRARIAN
^A SERIES OF RELATED OBJECT MODULES, MACRO SOURCES, ETC MAY BE COMBINED INTO
ONE LIBRARY USING THE LIBRARIAN. ^THIS PRIMARILY RESULTS IN FASTER TASK
BUILDING OR COMPILING DUE TO THE LOWER AMOUNT OF FILE OPENING AND CLOSING
REQUIRED.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{LBR MYLIB.OLB/CR}\\	!^CREATE LIBRARY
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{LBR MYLIB.OBL/IN=MYSUB}\\	!^INSERT MODULE
.FG 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^LIS\\ ^MULTI-COLUMN LISTER.
.INDEX <LIS ^MULTI-COLUMN LISTER.
^CONVERTS INPUT FILE TO A NEWSPAPER-STYLE FORMAT, WITH INFORMATION
LISTED IN MULTIPLE COLUMNS.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{LIS FILE.DOC/CO:3=FILE.IN}\\	!^LIST 3-WIDE.
.FG 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^NED\\ ^NETWORK EDITOR
.INDEX <NED ^NETWORK EDITOR
^A VERSION OF <EDI THAT CAN EDIT A FILE ON ANOTHER NODE OF THE <MRHMC ^UOF^C
COMPUTER NETWORK. 
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{NED MRVAX::FILE.DOC}\\
.FG 2
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^PAG\\ ^PAGINATE OUTPUT
.INDEX ^^PAG\\INATE LISTING
^OUTPUTS A TEXT FILE WITH BREAKS AT THE STANDARD FAN-FOLD POSITION, AND WITH
A 1-LINE HEADER SHOWING FILE SPECIFICATION AND DATE.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{PAG FIL.PAG=FIL.INP}\\
.FG 2
.INDEX <PIP
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^PIP\\ (^PERIPHERAL ^INTERCHANGE ^PROGRAM)
^PERIPHERAL ^INTERCHANGE ^PROGRAM. ^A VERSATILE PROGRAM THAT ALLOWS ONE
TO COPY, RENAME, DELETE, ETC. FILES. ^ALSO CAN LIST DIRECTORIES OF FILES.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE <IAS ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{PIP TI:=ABC.FOR}	!L\\IST FORTRAN SOURCE AT TERMINAL
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^PRI\\ (^P^R^INT FILE AT <LP:)
.INDEX ^^PRI\\NT
.INDEX ^PRINT AT LINE PRINTER
^LIST THE SPECIFIED FILE AT THE HIGH-SPEED LINE PRINTER. (<LP0:)
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{PRI PROG.LST}	!P\\RINT LISTING AT LINE PRINTER
.INDEX <PRO
.INDEX ^PROTECT FILE
.INDEX ^FILE PROTECTION
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^PRO\\ (^^PRO\\TECT FILE)
^PREVENTS THE FILE FROM BEING DELETED. ^USED TO ENSURE THAT IMPORTANT
FILES ARE NOT DELETED BY MISTAKE.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{PRO MYFILE.DAT}	!P\\ROTECT IMPORTANT DATA FILE
.INDEX <PUR
.INDEX ^PURGE
.INDEX ^FILE PURGE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^PUR\\ (^^PUR\\GE FILES)
^DELETES MULTIPLE COPIES OF A FILE. ^KEEPS ONLY THE LATEST VERSION. ^USED
AFTER EDITING A FILE TO GET RID OF PREVIOUS VERSIONS, ETC.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{PUR ABC.FOR}	!C\\LEAN UP AFTER EDITING
.INDENT 2
.INDEX <REC
.INDEX ^FILE UNLOCK
.INDEX ^RECOVER LOCKED FILE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^REC (REC\\OVER LOCKED FILE)
^UNLOCKS A FILE LOCKED AS A RESULT OF ABNORMAL PROGRAM TERMINATION.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{REC OUTPUT.DAT}	!U\\NLOCK OUTPUT FILE
.INDEX <RCV
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^RCV\\ (^RE^CO^VER FILE)
^A "SUPER" VERSION OF <REC. ^NOT FOR THE SIMPLE USER.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{RCV DATA.DAT}	!R\\ESTORE DATA FILE
.INDEX <RNO
.INDEX <RNX
.INDEX ^RUNOFF
.INDEX ^DOCUMENT PREPARER.
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^RNO (R\\U^N^OFF - TEXT PROCESSOR)
^RUNOFF IS A TEXT FORMATTER (WORD-PROCCESSOR) PROGRAM, SUITABLE FOR PREPARING
MANUALS, LETTERS ETC. (^THIS MANUAL WAS PREPARED USING <RUNOFF.)
^A SECOND VERSION OF <RUNOFF, A SUPERSET OF ^DIGITAL STANDARD RUNOFF IS
ALSO AVAILABLE, CALLED <RNX.
^MANUALS ARE AVAILABLE FOR BOTH VERSIONS OF <RUNOFF.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{RNO MANUAL=MANUAL}	!P\\RODUCE USER'S MANUAL
.INDEX <RNP
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^RNP (RN\\O ^PRE-PROCESSOR)
<RNP IS A PRE-PROCESSOR FOR <RUNOFF TYPE FILES. ^IT IS USEFUL FOR
CASES WHERE SEVERAL QUITE SIMILIAR DOCUMENTS MUST BE PREPARED, (SUCH AS
SEVERAL SIMILAR LETTERS.)
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{RNP JACK=MEMO}	!P\\RODUCE MEMO FROM STOCK FORM
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^SPE\\LLING CHECKER
.INDEX ^^SPE\\LLING CHECKER
^CHECKS THE SPELLING OF A DOCUMENT. ^POINTS OUT QUESTIONABLE SPELLING.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{SPE LETTER.DOC}\\
.FG 2
.INDEX <SPY
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^SPY\\ (^SHOW ^PROGRAM ^YOUSAGE)
^A PROGRAM TO SHOW RELATIVE <CPU UTILIZATION OF THE VARIOUS TASKS CURRENTLY
RUNNING ON THE SYSTEM.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{SPY}\\	!(^NO FURTHER INFO ON LINE)
.INDEX DIRECTORY
.INDEX SORT DIRECTORY UTILITY
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^SRD\\ (^SO^RT ^DIRECTORY)
^USED TO PRODUCE DIRECTORY LISTINGS IN ALPHABETICAL
ORDER.
^A SEPERATE <SRD MANUAL IS AVAILABLE.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{SRD /NA}	!S\\ORT DIRECTORY BY FILE-NAME
.INDEX ^^TECO\\
.INDEX EDITOR
.INDEX TEXT FILES
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^TECO\\ (^TEXT ^EDITOR AND ^C^ORRECTOR)
^A COMPREHENSIVE TEXT PROCESSOR USED TO EDIT
FILES CONTAINING TEXT CHARACTERS.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{TEC ABC.BAS}	!E\\DIT BASIC SOURCE
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^TLK\\ ^TALK TO ANOTHER TERMINAL
.INDEX <TLK ^TALK TO ANOTHER TERMINAL
^ALLOWS YOU TO CONVERSE WITH ANOTHER TERMINAL ON THE SAME SYSTEM OR ON
ANOTHER SYSTEM ON THE <MRHMC ^UOF^C COMPUTER NETWORK.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{TLK ROVER::TXA3:}\\	!^TALK TO ^U OF ^C VAX TERMINAL.
.FG 2
.INDEX <TYP
.INDEX ^LIST FILE AT TERMINAL
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^TYP\\ (^T^Y^PE FILE AT TERMINAL)
^LISTS THE SPECIFIED FILE AT THE TERMINAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{TYP ABC.BAS}	!L\\IST EDITED PROGRAM AT TERMINAL
.INDEX <UNP
.INDEX ^UNPROTECT FILE
.INDEX ^FILE PROTECTION
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^UNP (UNP\\ROTECT FILE)
^CLEARS THE EFFECT OF THE ^^PRO\\TECT COMMAND. ^THE FILE NOW CAN BE DELETED.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{UNP MYFILE.DAT}	!L\\ET FILE BE DELETED
.INDEX <VTL ^VIDEO ^TERMINAL ^LISTER
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^VTL\\ ^VIDEO ^TERMINAL ^LISTER
^LISTS ONE OR MORE FILES AT A <VT100 TERMINAL. ^CAN LIST TWO FILES AT THE
SAME TIME, LIST MULTIPLE FILES USING WILD CARDS, AND HAS AN OPTION TO DELETE
FILES, (USEFUL FOR DIRECTORY CLEANING UP.)
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{VTL *.FOR}\\	!^LIST ALL FORTRAN SOURCE FILES
.CHAPTER ^^LANGUAGES AND LINKERS\\
^SEVERAL COMPILERS AND INTERPERTERS ARE AVAILABLE ON THE <IAS SYSTEM.
.INDEX <
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^BAS\\ ^BASIC INTERPRETER
^EVOKES THE ^MICHAEL ^REESE ^BASIC INTERPERTER. ^A FULL MANUAL IS AVAILABLE
FOR ^MICHAEL ^REESE ^BASIC.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{BAS PROGRAM/RN}\\	!^LOAD AND EXECUTE PROGRAM
.INDEX <FOR ^FORTRAN SHORT FORM COMMAND
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^FOR\\ ^FORTRAN SHORT FORM COMMAND
^COMPILE A FORTRAN PROGRAM USING THE ^F77 COMPILER. ^AUTOMATICALLY GENERATES
THE STANDARD OBJECT AND LISTING FILE. 
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{FOR MYPROG}\\	!^COMPILE MYPROG.FOR
.INDEX <FV2/F4P/F77 FORTRANS
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^FV2/F4P/F77\\ ^FORTRANS
^THESE ARE THREE VERSIONS OF THE STANDARD ^FORTRAN COMPILER. (^EARLIER
VERSIONS ARE STILL USED SINCE SOME OLDER PROGRAMS WOULD HAVE TO BE RE-WRITTEN
TO USE THE NEWEST COMPILER. ^F77 IS THE PREFERRED COMPILER. ^THIS VERSION
OF THE COMMAND SHOULD BE USED INSTEAD OF THE SHORT "FOR" VERSION IF ONE
NEEDS TO APPLY SWITCHES TO THE LISTING OUR SOURCE FILE.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{F77 PROG,PROG/LI:3=PROG}\\	!^LIST INCLUDING GENERATED CODE
.INDEX ^^MAC\\RO
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^MAC\\RO
^COMPILES A MACRO11 SOURCE FILE. ^MACRO IS THE MACHINE LANGUAGE FOR <PDP11
COMPUTERS.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{PROG,PROG/-SP=PROG}\\	!^COMPILE WITH LISTING FILE
.INDEX <MAX SHORT FORM MACRO
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^MAX\\ ^SHORT FORM MACRO
^A SHORT FORM COMMAND TO GENERATE THE STANDARD OBJECT AND LISTING FILES.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{MAX MYFILE}\\	!^IS EQUIVALENT TO
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{MA MYFILE,MYFILE/-SP=MYFILE}\\
.INDEX <RAT ^RATIONAL ^FORTRAN
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^RAT\\ ^RATIONAL ^FORTRAN
^A <RATFOR RATIONAL FORTRAN PRE-PROCESSOR. RATFOR PROVIDES <IF-THEN-ELSE
OPERATIONS, CONDITIONAL COMPILATION, MACROS, ETC.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{RAT PGM,PGM,PGM=PGM}\\
.FG 1
^THE FOUR FILE NAMES IN THE ABOVE COMMAND SPECIFY (LEFT TO RIGHT)
.BREAK
.LITERAL
	1. <FORTRAN OUTPUT FILE
	2. <RATFOR LISTING FILE
	3. <OBJECT FILE
	4. <RATFOR SOURCE FILE
.ENDLITERAL
.INDEX <RA5 ^RATIONAL ^FORTRAN
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^RA5\\ ^RATIONAL ^FORTRAN
^A SECOND VERSION OF A ^RATIONAL ^FORTRAN PRE-PROCESSOR. ^THERE ARE
SOME DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE TWO PRE-PROCESSORS. ^BOTH ARE USED MAINLY
BECAUSE WE HAVE UTILITIES THAT ARE WRITTEN TO USE ONE OR THE OTHER. ^THE
MAIN DIFFERENCE IS IN THE CALLING CONVENTION
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{RA5 PROGRAM.RAT>PROGRAM.FOR}\\
.FG 1
^NOTE THAT RAT5 HAS AN INVERSE CONVENTION, THE OUTPUT FILE IS ON THE
RIGHT AND THE INPUT FILE IS ON THE LEFT. ^ALSO RAT5 DOES NOT GENERATE
A LISTING FILE.
.INDEX <TKB ^TASK BUILDER
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^TKB\\ ^TASK BUILDER
^THE TASK BUILDER LINKS ONE OR MORE OBJECT MODULES INTO AN EXECUTABLE
TASK IMAGE WHICH THEN CAN BE INSTALLED AND "<RUN". <TKB ALSO CAN BE TOLD
TO GENERATE A "<MAP" OF A PROGRAM. ^COMPLEX PROGRAM LINKAGE AND OVERLAY
STRUCTURES CAN BE SPECIFIED IN A <TKB COMMAND FILE.
.FG 1
.INDENT 2
^^MCR>{TKB @TASK.CMD}\\	!^USE INDIRECT COMMAND FILE.
.FG 1
^NOTE THAT <TKB IS ALMOST ALWAYS USED WITH AN INDIRECT COMMAND FILE. ^THE
FOLLOWING COMMAND FILE IS A TYPICAL FILE TO LINK ONE <F77 FORTRAN OBJECT
FILE INTO AN EXECUTABLE TASK.
.FG1;.NOFILL
^^PROGRAM,PROGRAM/-SP=PROGRAM
LB:[1,1]F77OTS/LB	!SPECIFY OTS LIBRARY
/
ASG=TI:5		!ASSIGN LUN FOR TERMINAL
LIBR=F77RES		!SPECIFY RESIDENT LIBRARY
LIBR=F77BIG		;OR BIG VERSION OF LIBRARY
//
.FILL
.CHAPTER ^^FILES AND DEVICES\\
.INDEX FILE
.INDEX DEVICE
.INDEX RECORD
.INDEX ^I/^O
.HEADERLEVEL 1 D\\EVICES
^THE DEVICES ON A COMPUTER SYSTEM ARE USED TO INPUT, STORE,
AND OUTPUT DATA.
^THE DATA ARE ORGANIZED INTO UNITS, CALLED RECORDS, WHICH
ARE HANDLED INDIVIDUALLY BY THE COMPUTER SYSTEM.
^THE CHARACTERISTIC OF A RECORD IS THAT ITS TRANSFER
IS ACCOMPLISHED WITH A SINGLE OPERATION, SO THAT
A RECORD IS THE SMALLEST UNIT OF DATA FOR ^^I/O\\
PURPOSES.
^EXAMPLES OF RECORDS ARE: A LINE OF TEXT TYPED AT A TERMINAL,
A STRING OF CO-ORDINATES FROM A DIGITIZER, AND A
SEQUENCE OF NUMBERS ON MAGNETIC TAPE.
.FG 1
^MOST DEVICES ARE ABLE TO TRANSFER RECORDS SEQUENTIALLY ONLY, AND THEREFORE
CAN BE USED BY ONLY ONE TASK AT A TIME.
^TO PROVIDE MANY SIMULTANEOUS USERS WITH DATA HANDLING FACILITIES 
WOULD REQUIRE MANY SUCH DEVICES.
^A SOLUTION TO THIS PROBLEM IS A FILE SYSTEM, WHERE MANY AREAS ON A
RANDOM-ACCESS DEVICE (USUALLY A DISK) CAN BE ACCESSED
SIMULTANEOUSLY, AND A SYSTEM PROGRAM ENSURES THAT
EACH TRANSFER IS DIRECTED TO THE PROPER AREA.
^THUS A FILE SYSTEM PROVIDES THE APPEARANCE OF MANY INDIVIDUAL SEQUENTIAL 
DEVICES.
.FG 1
^FOR MORE EFFICIENT USAGE OF DISK STORAGE, RECORDS ARE STORED IN FIXED-SIZE
UNITS CALLED "BLOCKS". ^A BLOCK CONTAINS 512. CHARACTERS, (OR 256. 16-BIT
WORDS.) ^FILES ARE STORED ON DISK IN ONE OR MORE BLOCKS. ^BLOCKS ARE NORMALLY
ASSIGNED TO FILES IN 5-BLOCK INCREMENTS. ^ALTHOUGH A FILE MAY ONLY "USE"
3 BLOCKS OF THE DISK, ACTUALLY 5 BLOCKS HAVE BEEN "ALLOCATED" BY THE OPERATING
SYSTEM. ^THIS ALLOWS YOU TO MAKE MINOR CHANGES TO THE FILE WITHOUT ASKING THE
OPERATING SYSTEM TO GET YOU MORE "BLOCKS".
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^^F\\ILE SPECIFIER.
^A FILE IS A USER-NAMED AREA ON A MASS STORAGE DEVICE (DISK OR MAGNETIC
TAPE), CONSISTING OF A COLLECTION OF RECORDS.
^FILES ARE IDENTIFIED BY A FILE SPECIFIER IN THE FOLLOWING FORMAT:
.SKIP 1
 #################DEV:[G,M]FILENAME.TYP;VER
.SKIP 1
.NOFILL
 ###########E.G. ^^{DK1:[231,11]PROGRAM1.FOR;32}\\
.SKIP 1
.TAB STOPS 22,70
.LEFT MARGIN 22
.INDENT -12
.HEADERLEVEL 1 D\\EVICE
.NOFILL
.INDENT -10;.RM 79
DEV:	^IS  THE  PHYSICAL  DEVICE  ON  WHICH  THE VOLUME	##^^{DK1:}\\
.RIGHT MARGIN 70
.FILL
CONTAINING THE
DESIRED FILE IS MOUNTED.
^THE NAME CONSISTS OF TWO CHARACTERS FOLLOWED BY A ONE OR TWO DIGIT
(OCTAL) UNIT NUMBER AND A COLON.
^NOTE THAT THE COLON IS PART OF THE DEVICE NAME.
(SEE ^APPENDIX ^D FOR A LIST OF DEVICES ON THIS SYSTEM.)
^IF NO DEVICE IS INCLUDED IN THE FILE SPECIFIER, THE CURRENT DEFAULT DEVICE,
(AS SET BY THE <LOG-ON OR BY THE <SDV COMMAND,) WILL BE USED.
.INDENT -12
.HEADERLEVEL 1 UIC
.NOFILL
.RIGHT MARGIN 81
.INDENT -10
[G,M]	^IS THE USER IDENTIFICATION  CODE (^^UIC\\), WHICH I-	{[231,11]}
.INDEX ^^UIC\\
.FILL
.RIGHT MARGIN 70
DENTIFIES THE DIRECTORY CONTAINING THE FILE.
G AND M ARE OCTAL NUMBERS IN THE RANGE 1 TO 377,
IDENTIFYING THE GROUP AND THE MEMBER OF THE
GROUP, RESPECTIVELY.
^NOTE THAT THE SQUARE BRACKETS ARE PART OF THE ^^UIC\\.
^IF NO <UIC IS INCLUDED IN THE FILE SPECIFIER, THE CURRENT DEFAULT <UIC, (AS
SET BY THE <LOG-ON OR THE ^^SET /UIC\\ COMMAND,) IS USED.
.INDENT -12
.HEADERLEVEL 1 F\\ILE NAME
.RIGHT MARGIN 81
.NOFILL
.INDENT -10
FILENAME	^IS THE NAME OF THE FILE, WHICH MAY BE UP TO NINE	^^{PROGRAM1}\\
.INDEX FILENAME
.FILL
.RIGHT MARGIN 70
ALPHANUMERIC CHARACTERS IN LENGTH.
^EXCEPT FOR A FEW UTILITY PROGRAMS, ALMOST ALL COMMANDS AND UTILITIES
EXPECT YOU TO EXPLICITLY SPECIFY A FILE NAME. ^NO DEFAULT FILE NAME
EXISTS.
.SKIP 1
^FILENAME AND FILE TYPE ARE ALWAYS SEPARATED
BY A PERIOD, WHICH IS NOT A PART OF
EITHER THE FILENAME OR THE FILE TYPE.
.LM 10;.RM 75
.PAGE
.LM 22;.RM 75
.INDENT -12
.HEADERLEVEL 1 F\\ILE TYPE
.NOFILL
.RIGHT MARGIN 79
.INDENT -10
TYP	^IS THE FILE TYPE,  AND IS  USED TO INDICATE  THE	##^^{FOR}\\
.INDEX TYPE
.FILL
.RIGHT MARGIN 70
FORM OF THE FILE.
^FILE TYPE MAY BE UP TO THREE ALPHANUMERIC CHARACTERS, AND
WHILE THERE ARE NO RESTRICTIONS ON THE TYPES A USER
MAY USE, THERE ARE CERTAIN RECOMMENDED SYSTEM DEFAULTS, (TYPES THAT
A SYSTEM PROGRAM WILL USE IF YOU DO NOT SPECIFY THE TYPE.)
^EXAMPLES OF "DEFAULT" TYPES EXPECTED BY VARIOUS SYSTEM PROGRAMS INCLUDE:
.SKIP 1
.TEST PAGE 6
.LEFT MARGIN 30
.NOFILL
^^BAS - BASIC\\ PROGRAM.
^^FOR - FORTRAN\\ SOURCE CODE.
^^OBJ\\ - OBJECT CODE.
^^TSK\\ - TASK IMAGE.
^^DAT\\ - DATA RECORDS.
^^CMD\\ - COMMANDS.
^^TMP\\ - TEMPORARY FILE.
.FILL
.LEFT MARGIN 22
.FG 1
.TP 7
^A COMPLETE LIST OF PREFERRED SYSTEM FILE TYPES IS INCLUDED IN THE
^^PIP\\ DOCUMENTATION.
.SKIP 1
.NOFILL
.RIGHT MARGIN 79
.BREAK;.NOFILL
^FILE##TYPE AND VERSION NUMBER ARE SEPARATED BY A	###{;}
.FILL
.RM 70
SEMICOLON, WHICH IS NOT A PART OF
EITHER THE TYPE OR THE VERSION NUMBER.
.INDENT -12
.HEADERLEVEL 1 V\\ERSION NUMBER
.RIGHT MARGIN 79
.NOFILL
.INDENT -10
VER	IS AN OCTAL NUMBER USED TO DIFFERENTIATE AMONG	##{32}
.INDEX VERSION
.FILL
.RIGHT MARGIN 70
VERSIONS OF A FILE.
^FOR EXAMPLE, A FILE CREATED BY THE EDITOR WOULD HAVE A VERSION 
NUMBER OF 1.
^IF THE FILE IS EDITED AGAIN, THE ORIGINAL FILE WILL
BE KEPT FOR BACKUP, AND THE NEW FILE WILL HAVE THE SAME FILENAME
AND TYPE, BUT A VERSION NUMBER OF 2.
^IF NO VERSION NUMBER IS INCLUDED IN THE FILE SPECIFIER, THE LATEST VERSION
OF THE FILE IS USED BY DEFAULT.
.RIGHT MARGIN 75
.LEFT MARGIN 10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 F\\ILE OWNER
.INDEX ^FILE ^OWNER
.INDEX ^OWNER <UIC
^IN ADDITION TO THE <UIC IDENTIFYING THE ^DIRECTORY WHICH CONTAINS THE
FILE, FILES ALSO HAVE ANOTHER <UIC, CALLED THE "^OWNER <UIC". ^THE OWNER
<UIC IS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE FILE PROTECTION SYSTEM.
^THE OWNER OF A FILE CAN BE ASCERTAINED FROM A FULL DIRECTORY LISTING
USING <PIP , <DIR, OR <SRD.
.HEADERLEVEL 1 F\\ILE PROTECTION
^FILES HAVE ASSOCIATED WITH THEM A "PROTECTION CODE". ^THIS CODE SPECIFIES
WHAT VARIOUS USERS CAN DO WITH THE FILES. ^THESE ARE REFERRED TO AS "ACCESS
RIGHTS". ^THERE ARE 4 BASIC "ACCESS RIGHTS".
.LM 15;.FG 1;.TS 17
.INDEX ^READ ACCESS
.INDEX ^FILE ACCESS RIGHTS
 "^R"	^USER CAN ONLY "READ" FROM THE FILE.
.BREAK
.INDEX ^WRITE ACCESS
 "^W"	^USER CAN "READ" OR "WRITE" FROM/TO FILE.
.BREAK
.INDEX ^EXTEND ACCESS
 "^E"	^USER CAN "READ", "WRITE" OR "EXTEND" (ADD TO FILE)."
.BREAK
.INDEX ^DELETE ACCESS
 "^D"	^USER CAN DO ANYTHING INCLUDING "DELETING" (ERASING).
.FG 1;.LM 10
^THE FOUR BASIC ACCESS RIGHTS ARE VARIABLE DEPENDING UPON THE "^OWNER <UIC"
OF THE FILE AND THE CURRENT "^DEFAULT <UIC" THE TERMINAL IS RUNNING UNDER.
^THERE ARE 4 DISTINCT TYPES OF "^DEFAULT <UIC":
.LM 15;.FG 1
.INDEX <SYSTEM <UIC
 "<SYSTEM": ^A SYSTEM <UIC IS ONE WHERE THE "GROUP" NUMBER IS BETWEEN 1 _& 7.
(^I. ^E. [1,10]) ^"SYSTEM" ^^UIC\\'S GENERALLY HAVE FULL PRIVILEGES TO
FILES, AND ARE NOT ASSIGNED TO MOST USERS.
.FG 1
.INDEX <OWNER <UIC
 "<OWNER": ^AN "^OWNER <UIC" IMPLIES THAT YOUR CURRENT DEFAULT <UIC IS THE SAME
AS THE "OWNER <UIC" FOR THE FILE IN QUESTION. "^OWNER" ^^UIC\\'S GENERALLY
HAVE FULL FILE PRIVILEGES, LIKE "^SYSTEM" ^^UIC\\'S.
.FG 1
.INDEX ^GROUP <UIC
 "<GROUP": ^A "^GROUP <UIC" IS ONE WHERE THE CURRENT "GROUP NUMBER'S" MATCH,
BUT THE "USER NUMBERS" DON'T. "^GROUP" ^^UIC\\'S CAN BE ASSIGNED MORE
PRIVILEGES TO ALLOW SEVERAL COMMON USERS ACCESS TO THE SAME FILES.
.FG 1
.INDEX ^WORLD <UIC
 "<WORLD": ^ANY <UIC NOT FALLING INTO THE ABOVE CATAGORIES DEFAULTS TO
THIS CLASSIFICATION, (EFFECTIVELY EVERYBODY ELSE.) ^"^WORLD" ^^UIC\\'S
GENERALLY HAVE THE LOWEST ACCESS, (OFTEN NO ACCESS AT ALL TO FILES THAT
HAVE IMPORTANT OR PRIVILEGED INFORMATION.)
.FG 1
.LM 10
^SEE THE <IAS ^UTILITIES MANUAL CHAPTER ON <PIP FOR A FULL DESCRIPTION
OF THE OPERATION OF THE ABOVE FILE-PROTECTION SYSTEM.
.HEADERLEVEL 1 F\\ILE ATTRIBUTES
^FILES ALSO CAN HAVE VARIOUS "ATTRIBUTES" WHICH DESCRIBE SPECIAL FEATURES
OF THE FILE. ^THESE ATTRIBUTES INCLUDE:
.FG 1;.LM 15
.INDEX ^CONTIGUOUS
 "<CONTIGUOUS": ^A CONTIGUOUS FILE IS CONTAINED IN SEVERAL CONSECUTIVE
BLOCKS ON THE DISK. (^NORMAL FILES CAN BE BROKEN UP INTO SEVERAL PIECES
PHYSICALLY SCATTERED ALL OVER THE DISK.) ^PROGRAMS (<XXX.TSK FILES) ARE
ONE EXAMPLE OF CONTIGUOUS FILES.
.LM 10;.PAGE;.LM 15
.INDEX ^FIXED LENGTH
.INDEX ^RANDOM ACCESS
 "<FIXED-LENGTH": ^A FIXED LENGTH FILE HAS ALL OF THE RECORDS IN THE FILE
THE SAME LENGTH. ^THIS IS USEFUL IF YOU WISH TO ACCESS THE RECORDS
RANDOMLY. ^THE SYSTEM CAN CALCULATE WHERE RECORD NUMBER <N IS AND RETURN
IT TO YOU <WITHOUT READING ALL THE PREVIOUS RECORDS. ^SUCH FILES ARE ALSO
CALLED "<RANDOM-ACCESS" FILES.
.FG 1
.INDEX ^FORTRAN CARRIAGE CONTROL
 "<FORTRAN <CARRIAGE <CONTROL": ^THE RECORDS IN THIS FILE ARE SPECIAL IN THAT
THE FIRST CHARACTER OF THE RECORD IS NOT PRINTED. ^RATHER IT IS A CODE
INSTRUCTING THE SYSTEM AS TO WHAT TO DO BEFORE PRINTING THE RECORD, (I.E.
YOU CAN TELL THE SYSTEM TO DO A FORM-FEED, 1 OR 2 LINE-FEEDS, ETC. BEFORE
PRINTING THE FILE.
.FG 1
.INDEX ^IMPLIED ^CARRIAGE ^CONTROL
 "<IMPLIED <CARRIAGE <CONTROL": ^THE RECORDS IN THIS FILE DO NOT CONTAIN
CARRIAGE-RETURN OR LINE-FEED CHARACTERS, BUT EACH RECORD SHOULD BE PRINTED
ON A SEPERATE LINE. ^THE SYSTEM AUTOMATICALLY PUTS CARRIAGE-RETURNS AND
LINE-FEEDS IN AT THE APPROPRIATE PLACE WHEN PRINTING THESE FILES.
.FG 1
.INDEX ^EMBEDDED ^CARRIAGE ^CONTROL
 "<EMBEDDED <CARRIAGE <CONTROL": ^THE RECORDS IN THIS FILE CONTAIN LINE-FEED
AND/OR CARRIAGE-RETURN CHARACTERS AT THE APPROPRIATE POSITIONS IN THE FILE
TO FORMAT THE OUTPUT. ^THE SYSTEM WILL ONLY PUT CARRIAGE-RETURNS AND
LINE-FEEDS IN THE FILE IF THE RECORDS IN-ADVERTENTLY OVERFLOW THE RIGHT-HAND
SIDE OF THE TERMINAL OR PRINTER.
.LM 10
.CHAPTER ^^SUBROUTINE LIBRARIES\\
.INDEX ^FORTRAN AND ^MACRO ^SUBROUTINES
.INDEX ^SUBROUTINE ^LIBRARIES
.INDEX ^LIBRARIES
^THE FOLLOWING LIBRARIES OF SUBROUTINES ARE CALLABLE FROM <FORTRAN AND/OR
MACRO PROGRAMS.
^THE PROVIDE A WIDE VARIETY OF OPERATIONS, INCLUDING <FILE ORIENTED,
UTILITY ROUTINES, AND GRAPHIC PLOTTING ON THE ELECTROSTATIC PRINTER-PLOTTER
AND THE STORAGE SCOPES.
.LM 20
.INDEX <ARAP
.INDENT -10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 <ARAP
^A LARGE LIBRARY OF ALL KINDS OF ROUTINES, USED MAINLY BY SEVERAL OF THE
SYSTEM PROGRAMS CURRENTLY AVAILABLE.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.INDEX <FORUTL
.INDEX ^FORTRAN UTILITIES
.INDENT -10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 ^FORTRAN ^UTILITIES
^A SET OF FORTRAN UTILITIES USED BY MANY OF THE ^REESE <FORTRAN PROGRAMS.
^PRIMARILY FILE AND CHARACTER STRING FUNCTIONS.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.INDEX <DATAPLOT
.INDEX ^ELECTROSTATIC PLOTTING
.INDEX ^HARD-COPY PLOTTING
.INDENT -10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 <DATAPLOT
^A SET OF <FORTRAN CALLABLE SUBROUTINES FOR PLOTTING ON THE ^VARIAN
ELECTROSTATIC PRINTER-PLOTTER.
^A SEPERATE MANUAL FOR <DATAPLOT IS AVAILABLE.
.INDEX <PLOTSUBS
.INDEX ^SCOPE PLOTTING
.INDEX ^PLOTTING SUBROUTINES
.INDENT -10
.HEADERLEVEL 1 <PLOTSUBS
^A SET OF <FORTRAN CALLABLE ROUTINES FOR PLOTTING DATA ON THE STORAGE
SCOPES.
^FURTHER DOCUMENTIATION IS CONTAINED IN THE ^REESE ^UTILITIES ^MANUAL.
.LM 10
.CHAPTER <LANGUAGES
.INDEX LANGUAGES
.INDEX ^^FORTRAN\\
.INDEX ^^MACRO\\
.INDEX ^^BASIC\\
^THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF LANGUAGES AVAILABLE ON THE ^^IAS\\
SYSTEM - THOSE THAT REQUIRE A TRANSLATION STEP
AND A BUILDING STEP BEFORE PROGRAMS MAY BE RUN, AND
THOSE THAT RUN IMMEDIATELY.
^THE FIRST TYPE IS GENERALLY MORE EFFICIENT
AND MORE VERSATILE, WHILE THE SECOND TYPE
IS EASIER TO USE, AND THEREFORE MORE SUITABLE FOR
SHORTER PROGRAMS.
^THIS SYSTEM CURRENTLY SUPPORTS TWO LANGUAGES OF
THE FIRST TYPE - ^^FORTRAN\\ AND ^^MACRO\\; AND
ONE OF THE SECOND - ^^BASIC\\.
.FG 1
^PROGRAMS WRITTEN IN ^^FORTRAN\\ OR ^^MACRO\\
.INDEX OBJECT
.INDEX ^^TKB\\
ARE COMPILED OR ASSEMBLED TO PRODUCE OBJECT
FILES WHICH ARE COMBINED USING A TASK BUILDER (^^TKB\\)
^MANY SEPARATE PROGRAMS AND SUBPROGRAMS IN BOTH LANGUAGES
CAN BE COMBINED BY THE TASK BUILDER TO PRODUCE
A TASK FILE WHICH MAY BE RUN.
^THIS IS A COMPLEX PROCEDURE, DESCRIBED FULLY IN THE
^^IAS\\ ^TASK ^BUILDER MANUAL, AND SUMMARIZED FOR
^^FORTRAN\\ USERS IN THE ^^FORTRAN\\ USERS' GUIDE.
^^F4P, MAC\\ AND ^^TKB,\\  ARE INSTALLED IN THE SYSTEM.
.FG 1
.TEST PAGE 8
^^BASIC\\ PROGRAMS ARE LOADED OR TYPED DIRECTLY INTO THE COMPUTER 
AND ARE EXECUTED
IMMEDIATELY.
^THE CURRENT <BASIC IS A VERY POWERFUL VERSION, WITH SEVERAL FEATURES
UNIQUE TO THE <REESE SYSTEM. ^A SEPERATE MANUAL IS AVAILABLE FOR <BASIC.
.APPENDIX ^^GLOSSARY OF IAS TERMS\\
.LM 15
.INDENT -5
ABORT: THE EXECUTION OF A TASK MAY BE TERMINATED BY A COMMAND TO 
.INDEX ABORT
^^MCR\\ (SEE ^^ABORT\\ COMMAND, SECTION 2) FROM THE
TERMINAL THAT INITIATED THE TASK OR FROM A PRIVILEGED TERMINAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
ACTIVATE: SEE "RUN".
.INDEX ACTIVE TASK
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
ACTIVE: A TASK IS ACTIVE IF IT IS COMPETING FOR SYSTEM
RESOURCES.
^NOTE THAT A TASK MAY BE ACTIVE WITHOUT ACTUALLY BEING
IN MEMORY, AND THAT A TASK IN MEMORY MAY NOT BE ACTIVE.
.SKIP 1
.INDEX ^^ANSI\\ MAGTAPE
.INDENT -5
^^ANSI, ANSI\\ MAGTAPE: ^AMERICAN ^NATIONAL ^STANDARDS ^INSTITUTE,
A CLEARINGHOUSE FOR VOLUNTARY STANDARDS.
^THE TAPE FORMAT SUPPORTED BY ^^IAS\\ IS ^^ANSI X3.27-1969.\\
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
ASSIGN, ASSIGNMENT: USING THE RE-ASSIGN COMMAND (^^REA\\), A USER
.INDEX ASSIGN
.INDEX LOGICAL DEVICE
.INDEX DEVICE
MAY ASSOCIATE A PHYSICAL DEVICE TO A PROGRAM'S LOGICAL UNIT, SO THAT
REFERENCES TO THE LOGICAL UNIT ARE MAPPED TO THE
PHYSICAL DEVICE.
^IN THIS WAY, A PROGRAMMER NEED NOT SPECIFY THE ACTUAL DEVICE
TO BE USED FOR INPUT OR OUTPUT UNTIL THE PROGRAM IS TO BE RUN.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
ATTACH: A TASK MAY WISH TO COMMUNICATE WITH A DEVICE WITHOUT
.INDEX ATTACH
.INDEX DETACH
INTERFERENCE FROM OTHER TASKS.
^TO MAKE THIS POSSIBLE, A TASK CAN "ATTACH" A DEVICE, AND ANY
OTHER TASKS NEEDING THE DEVICE MUST WAIT UNTIL THE
TASK "DETACHES" BEFORE THEY CAN USE IT.
^ATTACHING/DETACHING IS DONE THROUGH CALLS TO SYSTEM SUBROUTINES.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
CHECKPOINT, -ABLE, -ED, -ING: 
.INDEX CHECKPOINT
.INDEX PRIORITY
.INDEX MEMORY
IN ORDER THAT A TASK OF HIGH PRIORITY MAY RUN WHEN NECESSARY,
LOWER PRIORITY TASKS MAY BE STOPPED, THEIR CURRENT STATUS
SAVED, REMOVED FROM MEMORY, AND WRITTEN TO DISK.
^WHEN MEMORY BECOMES AVAILABLE AGAIN, THE LOW
PRIORITY TASK WILL BE BROUGHT BACK INTO MEMORY, AND EXECUTION
WILL CONTINUE.
^THIS PROCESS IS CALLED CHECKPOINTING.
^SINCE DISK SPACE MUST BE ESTABLISHED FOR THE INTERMEDIATE COPY
OF THE TASK, ONLY CERTAIN TASKS ARE MADE CHECKPOINTABLE.
^A TASK MAY BE BUILT AS A CHECKPOINTABLE TASK THROUGH COMMANDS TO
THE TASK BUILDER (^^TKB\\).
.LM 10;.PAGE;.LM 15
.INDENT -5
COMMAND FILE: SEE "INDIRECT FILE".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
DETACH: SEE "ATTACH".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
DIRECTORY: A DIRECTORY IS A SPECIAL TYPE OF FILE CONTAINING
.INDEX DIRECTORY
.INDEX DIRECTORY FILE
.INDEX ^^UIC\\
THE NAMES AND LOCATIONS OF OTHER FILES ON THE SAME VOLUME.
^EACH USER OF THE SYSTEM IS GIVEN A DIRECTORY ON EACH
DISK HE IS AUTHORIZED TO ACCESS, AND REFERS TO THE DIRECTORY
USING A USER IDENTIFICATION CODE (^^UIC\\).
^BY ESTABLISHING A DEFAULT ^^UIC\\ (SEE ^^SET\\ COMMAND,
SECTION 2),
THE SYSTEM ASSUMES ALL FILE REFERENCES ARE TO FILES
CONTAINED IN THE USER'S DIRECTORY.
^THIS ALLOWS MORE THAN ONE USER TO HAVE FILES OF THE SAME NAME,
AND RESTRICTS THE LIST OF FILES FOR EACH USER TO THOSE OF INTEREST
TO HIM.
^THE DIRECTORY MAY BE EXAMINED USING ^^PIP\\ OR ^^SRD\\.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
DISMOUNT: SEE "MOUNT".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
DORMANT: A TASK IS SAID TO BE DORMANT WHEN ITS LOCATION
.INDEX DORMANT
ON THE DISK IS KNOWN TO THE SYSTEM, BUT IT HAS NOT BEEN
ACTIVATED BY A ^^RUN\\ COMMAND OR REQUEST.
^A TASK IS MADE DORMANT BY INSTALLING IT. SEE "INSTALL".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
DRIVER, DEVICE DRIVER: EACH HARDWARE DEVICE ON THE SYSTEM IS
.INDEX DEVICE
.INDEX DRIVER
CONTROLLED BY A SOFTWARE PROGRAM CALLED A DRIVER.
^IT IS THE DUTY OF THE DRIVER TO INTERPRET INPUT SIGNALS
AND PROVIDE THE PROPER OUTPUT SIGNALS TO CONTROL THE DEVICE.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
ECHO: EACH CHARACTER TYPED AT A KEYBOARD IS ACTUALLY SENT
.INDEX ECHO
.INDEX TERMINAL
ONLY TO THE COMPUTER.
^THE TERMINAL DEVICE DRIVER (SEE "DRIVER") THEN USUALLY SENDS
CONFIRMATION OF THE CHARACTER TO THE OUTPUT PART OF THE TERMINAL.
^THIS CONFIRMATION IS CALLED ECHO, AND MAY BE THE SAME AS
THE CHARACTER TYPED, THE UPPER CASE VERSION OF THE
CHARACTER, OR A STRING OF CHARACTERS (E.#G.#_^^U FOR
^^CTRL/U\\).
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
FILE: A FILE IS AN OWNER-NAMED AREA ON A MASS STORAGE DEVICE.
.INDEX FILE
^FILES BEHAVE MUCH LIKE DEVICES IN THAT ^I/^O MAY BE
DIRECTED TO THEM, BUT THEY ARE MORE DYNAMIC AND FLEXIBLE THAN
PHYSICAL DEVICES. SEE "DIRECTORY".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
FILENAME, FILE SPECIFIER: SEE ^SECTION 3 - ^FILES AND ^DEVICES.
.INDEX FILENAME
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
INDIRECT FILE, COMMAND FILE: A SEQUENCE OF COMMANDS WHICH IS
.INDEX INDIRECT FILE
.INDEX COMMAND FILE
TO BE REPEATED OFTEN MAY BE ENTERED INTO A FILE CALLED A COMMAND
FILE. 
^THE ^^IAS\\ SYSTEM PROVIDES A METHOD FOR PASSING
THIS SEQUENCE, ONE LINE AT A TIME, TO THE PROPER PROGRAM.
^FULL DOCUMENTATION ON THE INDIRECT FILE
PROCESSOR IS AVAILABLE IN THE ^^IAS\\ ^OPERATOR'S
^PROCEDURES MANUAL.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
INITIATE: SEE "RUN".
.LM 10;.PAGE;.LM 15
.INDENT -5
INSTALL: BEFORE A TASK FILE MAY BE LOADED INTO MEMORY AND EXECUTED, THE
.INDEX INSTALL
SYSTEM MUST BE INFORMED OF ITS EXISTENCE, NAME, LOCATION ON DISK,
AND OTHER PARAMETERS NECESSARY TO RUN THE TASK.
^THIS PROCEDURE IS CALLED INSTALLING.
^A TASK MAY BE INSTALLED IN THE SYSTEM PERMANENTLY IF IT IS
USED OFTEN, OR TEMPORARILY IF IT IS RUN OCCASIONALLY.
^MOST USER PROGRAMS ARE INSTALLED AUTOMATICALLY BY THE
^^RUN\\ COMMAND, AND REMOVED AFTER COMPLETION.
SEE "REMOVE-ON-EXIT".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
^^I/O\\: INPUT/OUTPUT.
.INDEX ^I/^O
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
LABEL: A LABEL IS USED TO IDENTIFY A VOLUME AS IT IS ^^MOU\\NTED.
^THE LABEL IS GIVEN TO THE VOLUME WHEN IT IS ^^INI\\TIALIZED.
^TAPE LABELS MUST BE 6 CHARACTERS OR LESS. SEE ^^MOU\\NT AND
^^INI\\TIALIZE COMMANDS.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
LOGICAL DEVICE: A LOGICAL DEVICE IS A NAME WHICH MAY BE
.INDEX LOGICAL DEVICE
.INDEX DEVICE
REFERRED TO BY A PROGRAMMER WHILE DEVELOPING A
PROGRAM, AND THEN MAPPED TO ANY DESIRED PHYSICAL
DEVICE WHEN THE PROGRAM IS TO BE RUN. SEE "ASSIGN".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
LOGICAL UNIT: AN ^^IAS\\ TASK PERFORMS INPUT AND OUTPUT
.INDEX UNIT
.INDEX ^^LUN\\
.INDEX ^^LUN\\
.INDEX UNITS
.INDEX ^I/^O
.INDEX LOGICAL UNIT NUMBERS
ON A SET OF CONCEPTUAL ENTITIES CALLED
LOGICAL UNITS, REFERRED TO IN THE TASK BY NUMBERS.
^THESE UNITS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH PHYSICAL DEVICES BEFORE
THE PROGRAM IS RUN.
^THERE IS A DEFAULT MAPPING OF ^^FORTRAN\\ LOGICAL UNIT
NUMBERS (^^LUN\\S) TO LOGICAL DEVICES, BUT THIS MAY
BE CHANGED USING OPTIONS IN THE TASK BUILDER (^T^K^B).
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
^^MCR\\ (^MONITOR ^CONSOLE ^ROUTINE): ^^MCR\\ IS A SPECIAL
.INDEX ^^MCR\\
TASK TO WHICH THE SYSTEM PASSES UNSOLICITED INPUT FROM
A TERMINAL.
^^MCR\\ MAY ALSO BE SPECIFICALLY REQUESTED BY TYPING
^^CTRL-C\\.
^^MCR\\ INTERPRETS USER COMMANDS, AND IS USED TO RUN TASKS,
ABORT TASKS, SET PARAMETERS, DISPLAY SYSTEM INFORMATION, AND
SO ON. SEE ^SECTION 2 - ^COMMANDS.
.SKIP 1
.INDEX MOUNT
.INDEX DISMOUNT
.INDEX VOLUME
.INDENT -5
MOUNT, DISMOUNT: BEFORE FILES ON A FILE-STRUCTURED VOLUME CAN
BE ACCESSED, CONTROL INFORMATION MUST BE MADE AVAILABLE
TO THE SYSTEM.
^THE PROCEDURE FOR EXTRACTING THIS INFORMATION FROM THE
VOLUME IS CALLED "MOUNTING".
^ONCE A VOLUME HAS BEEN MOUNTED, A USER MAY REFER TO FILES ON
THE VOLUME BY NAME UNTIL THE VOLUME IS DISMOUNTED.
^TO AVOID CONFUSION, THE OPERATION OF PUTTING THE VOLUME ON THE
PHYSICAL DEVICE SHOULD BE REFERRED TO AS "LOADING".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
MULTIPROGRAMMING: ALTHOUGH THE CENTRAL PROCESSOR OF THE COMPUTER
.INDEX MULTIPROGRAMMING
ONLY EXECUTES INSTRUCTIONS FROM ONE TASK AT A TIME, MANY
TASKS MAY BE COMPETING FOR EXECUTION.
^IF THE OPERATING SYSTEM IS ABLE TO
PASS CONTROL TO ANOTHER TASK WHEN THE CURRENT
TASK IS WAITING FOR A SLOW OPERATION TO COMPLETE (USUALLY ^I/^O),
THE RESULT IS THE APPEARANCE OF SIMULTANEOUS EXECUTION
OF MORE THAN ONE TASK, AND THIS PROCEDURE IS CALLED
MULTIPROGRAMMING.
.LM 10;.PAGE;.LM 15
.INDENT -5
OBJECT CODE, OBJECT FILE:
.INDEX OBJECT
THE FIRST STEP IN RUNNING A PROGRAM WRITTEN IN
A HIGHER-LEVEL LANGUAGE IS THE TRANSLATION FROM THE
LANGUAGE THE PROGRAM IS WRITTEN IN TO LOW-LEVEL
COMPUTER INSTRUCTIONS.
^THE COMPUTER INSTRUCTIONS ARE REFERRED TO AS
OBJECT CODE AND ARE STORED IN AN OBJECT FILE.
SEE "SOURCE CODE", "TASK", "PROGRAM".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
PARTITIONS: A PARTITION IS A CONTIGUOUS AREA OF MEMORY,
.INDEX PARTITION
.INDEX MEMORY
IDENTIFIED BY A NAME.
^EACH TASK TO BE RUN IS ASSIGNED TO A PARTITION, AND
COMPETES WITH OTHER TASKS ASSIGNED TO THAT PARTITION FOR
SPACE WITHIN IT.
^THUS A TASK CAN BE GUARANTEED TO HAVE MEMORY SPACE
AVAILABLE IF A PARTITION IS SET ASIDE FOR IT ALONE.
^MOST USER PROGRAMS COMPETE FOR SPACE IN ONE LARGE
PARTITION, WHICH IS DIVIDED UP BY THE SYSTEM
DYNAMICALLY FOR AS MANY TASKS AS POSSIBLE.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
PERIPHERAL:
.INDEX PERIPHERAL
A PERIPHERAL IS A HARDWARE DEVICE ATTACHED TO THE COMPUTER
SYSTEM OTHER THAN THE MEMORY OR THE CENTRAL PROCESSOR.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
^^PIP\\ (^PERIPHERAL ^INTERCHANGE ^PROGRAM):
.INDEX ^^PIP\\
.INDEX FILE TRANSFER
A SYSTEM UTILITY USED FOR MANAGING AND TRANSFERRING FILES.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
PRIORITY: A TASK COMPETING FOR RESOURCES IS ASSIGNED A PRIORITY
.INDEX PRIORITY
IN THE RANGE 1-250.
^A TASK IS RUN ONLY WHEN ALL HIGHER PRIORITY TASKS ARE
COMPLETE OR HELD UP FOR ^I/^O.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
PRIVILEGED TERMINAL, PRIVILEGED COMMANDS:
.INDEX PRIVILEGE
.INDEX TERMINAL
IN ORDER TO PROVIDE ADEQUATE CONTROL OVER THE OPERATING 
SYSTEM, CERTAIN POWERFUL COMMANDS MUST BE AVAILABLE.
^IN ORDER THAT THESE COMMANDS ARE NOT INADVERTENTLY
MISUSED, THEIR USE IS RESTRICTED TO SPECIFIC TERMINALS,
CALLED PRIVILEGED TERMINALS.
^USERS AT PRIVILEGED TERMINALS SHOULD BE AWARE OF THE HAVOC
THEY MAY WREAK.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
PROGRAM:
.INDEX PROGRAM
A PROGRAM IS A SEQUENCE OF COMPUTATIONAL STEPS,  USUALLY
TO BE PERFORMED BY A COMPUTER. SEE "TASK".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
PROMPT:
.INDEX PROMPT
.INDEX TERMINAL
.INDEX ATTACH
WHEN A TASK REQUESTS INPUT FROM A TERMINAL, THE
TERMINAL SHOULD BE ATTACHED BY THE TASK, SO THAT UNINTERRUPTED
INPUT IS GUARANTEED.
^TO INDICATE THIS TO THE USER AT THE TERMINAL, A STRING OF
CHARACTERS IDENTIFYING THE TASK IS USUALLY PRINTED.
^THIS STRING OF CHARACTERS IS CALLED A PROMPT, AND ALLOWS
A USER TO RUN MORE THAN ONE TASK, YET
ENSURE THAT INPUT IS GIVEN TO THE PROPER TASK.
^THE STANDARD ^^IAS\\ PROMPT IS "^^XXX\\>",
WHERE ^^XXX\\ IS THE TASK'S NAME.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
PSEUDO DEVICES (^^CL:, CO:, TI:, SY:, WK:, LB:, SD:\\)
.INDEX PSEUDO
.INDEX DEVICE
.INDEX TERMINAL
A PSEUDO DEVICE IS A DEVICE NAME WHICH IS REDIRECTED AS NECESSARY
TO A PHYSICAL DEVICE.
^SEVEN PSEUDO DEVICES EXIST ON THIS SYSTEM:
.LEFT MARGIN 25
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
^^CO:\\ - CONSOLE OUTPUT. ^USED TO SEND MESSAGES TO
THE SYSTEM OPERATOR.
.LM 10;.PAGE;.LM 25
.INDENT -5
^^CL:\\ - CONSOLE LISTING. ^USED FOR LONGER OUTPUT
DIRECTED TO THE SYSTEM STAFF.
.INDENT -5
^^SY\\: - SYSTEM DISK. ^CONTAINS THE DISK IMAGE OF THE
OPERATING SYSTEM, AND CERTAIN SYSTEM TASKS.
.INDENT -5
^^TI:\\ - TERMINAL INPUT. ^ESTABLISHED FOR EACH TASK AS
THE TERMINAL FROM WHICH IT WAS ^^RUN.\\ ^NOTE THAT THIS
DEVICE MAY BE USED FOR OUTPUT TO THE TERMINAL AS WELL.
.INDENT -5
^^LB:\\ - ^LIBRARY DEVICE. ^CONTAINS THE SYSTEM AND MOST SYSTEM PROGRAMS.
.INDENT -5
^^SD:\\ - ^THE NORMAL SYSTEM DEVICE. ^MOST USERS LOGGING ON WILL HAVE
<SD: AS THEIR SYSTEM DEVICE.
.INDENT -5
^^WK:\\ - ^THE WORK FILE DEVICE. ^VARIOUS PROGRAMS NEED TO CREATE TEMPORARY
FILES. ^THESE FILES TYPICALLY ARE CREATED ON THE ^WORK FILE DIVICE.
.LEFT MARGIN 15
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
REMOVE-ON-EXIT:
.INDEX REMOVE ON EXIT
IF A TASK WAS INSTALLED TEMPORARILY AS A RESULT OF A ^^RUN\\ COMMAND,
IT WILL BE REMOVED FROM THE SYSTEM WHEN IT EXITS
(EVEN IF IT IS ABORTED).
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
RUN:
.INDEX RUN
.INDEX INITIATE
TO INITIATE THE EXECUTION OF A TASK BY REQUESTING THAT IT
BE ALLOWED TO COMPETE FOR SYSTEM RESOURCES, A ^^RUN\\ COMMAND
(OR REQUEST) MUST BE ISSUED.
^IF THE TASK MUST BE INSTALLED, IT WILL BE REMOVED ON EXIT.
.SKIP1
.INDENT -5
SOLICITED INPUT:
.INDEX SOLICITED
.INDEX UNSOLICITED
.INDEX TERMINAL
.INDEX ^^MCR\\
WHEN INPUT FROM A TERMINAL HAS BEEN EXPLICITLY
REQUESTED BY A TASK, ANY INPUT ENTERED AT THE TERMINAL IS REFERRED TO
AS SOLICITED INPUT, AND IS SENT TO THE TASK.
^IF NO TASK HAS REQUESTED INPUT, ANY CHARACTERS TYPED ARE REFERRED
TO AS UNSOLICITED INPUT, AND ARE PASSED TO ^^MCR\\ TO BE INTERPRETED.
^NOTE THAT ^^MCR\\ ATTACHES THE TERMINAL AFTER THE FIRST
CHARACTER IS TYPED, SO
NO FURTHER TERMINAL ACTIVITY IS POSSIBLE UNTIL THE
UNSOLICITED INPUT LINE IS TERMINATED (WITH A CARRIAGE RETURN).
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
SOURCE CODE, SOURCE FILE:
.INDEX SOURCE
THE TEXT OF A PROGRAM AS WRITTEN BY THE PROGRAMMER IS REFERRED
TO AS SOURCE CODE AND IS STORED IN A SOURCE FILE.
^SOURCE CODE IS USUALLY SUBMITTED TO A TRANSLATOR FOR
CONVERSION INTO OBJECT CODE. SEE "OBJECT CODE".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
SPOOL:
.INDEX SPOOL
.INDEX OUTPUT
LITERALLY MEANS ^SIMULTANEOUS ^PERIPHERAL ^OPERATION ^ON-^LINE.
^THIS TERM REFERS TO THE OPERATION OF AN INPUT OR OUTPUT TRANSFER
WHICH OCCURS ASYNCHRONOUSLY WITH RESPECT TO THE TASK WHICH
INITIATES IT.
^FOR EXAMPLE, OUTPUT TO THE LINE PRINTER MAY BE STORED ON DISK
TO BE PRINTED WHEN THE PRINTER IS AVAILABLE.
^THUS MORE THAN ONE TASK PRODUCING LINE PRINTER
OUTPUT  MAY RUN SIMULTANEOUSLY,
AND THEIR OUTPUTS WILL BE PRODUCED SEQUENTIALLY LATER ON.
.LM 10;.PAGE;.LM 15
.INDENT -5
TASK:
.INDEX TASK
.INDEX PROGRAM
A TASK IS A COMPLETE SET OF INSTRUCTIONS IN MACHINE FORMAT,
READY TO BE EXECUTED BY THE COMPUTER.
^WHILE IT IS OFTEN SAID THAT A USER "RUNS A PROGRAM",
WHAT IS ACTUALLY RUN IS THE TASK BUILT FROM THE
TRANSLATED PROGRAM SEGMENTS. SEE "PROGRAM".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
TYPE (AS IN FILE TYPE): SEE ^SECTION 3 - ^FILES AND ^DEVICES.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
^^UIC\\ (^USER ^IDENTIFICATION ^CODE):
.INDEX ^^UIC\\
.INDEX USER
.INDEX USER FILE <ID
A PAIR OF OCTAL NUMBERS WHICH IDENTIFY AN INDIVIDUAL USER.
^THE FIRST NUMBER IDENTIFIES A GROUP OF USERS WHO MAY WISH
TO SHARE FILES, AND THE SECOND NUMBER IDENTIFIES
THE INDIVIDUAL WITHIN THE GROUP.
^^UIC\\S ARE ALLOCATED BY THE SYSTEM MANAGER.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
UNSOLICITED INPUT:
SEE "SOLICITED INPUT".
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
VERSION NUMBER: SEE ^SECTION 3 - ^FILES AND ^DEVICES.
.SKIP 1
.INDENT -5
VOLUME: A VOLUME IS A PHYSICAL UNIT WHICH MAY CONTAIN DATA, SUCH
.INDEX VOLUME
AS A DISK OR A MAGNETIC TAPE.
.LEFT MARGIN 10
.APPENDIX ^^REESE DOCUMENTATION\\
^THIS IS A LIST OF LOCALLY WRITTEN AND/OR MAINTAINED
DOCUMENTATION FOR THE ^^IAS\\ SYSTEM AND ITS
UTILITIES.
^AT LEAST ONE COPY OF EACH MANUAL SHOULD BE IN THE MAIN DOCUMENT RACK IN THE
COMPUTER OFFICE.
.FG 1
^MOST OF THE DOCUMENTATION IS CURRENTLY AVAILABLE AS <RUNOFF SOURCES
(".<RNO" FILES,)
OR AS <RUNOFF OUTPUT, (".<DOC" FILES.)
^IN SOME CASES, ONLY ONE OR TWO COPIES OF DOCUMENTATION WILL EXIST,
(SUCH AS THE <DATAPLOT MANUAL. ^IN EITHER CASE, FEEL FREE TO ASK THE
MAINTAINER OF THIS DOCUMENT ABOUT AVAILABILITY OF DOCUMENTATION.
.FG 1;.LM 15
.INDENT -5
<SD:[1,10]MANUAL.DOC
.X <MANUAL.DOC
.BREAK
^A MANUAL FOR VARIOUS ^REESE UTILITES.
.FG 1
.INDENT -5
<LB:[311,26]RUNOFF.DOC
.X <RUNOFF.DOC
.BREAK
^THE ^RUNOFF MANUAL.
^MANUAL FOR THE TEXT PREPARATION PROGRAM USED TO PRODUCE THIS DOCUMENT.
^ALSO CONTAINED HERE IS A COPY OF THE <RNP (^RUNOFF PRE-PROCESSOR) MANUAL.
.FG 1
.INDENT -5
<LB:[1,202]BASIC.DOC
.X <BASIC.DOC
.BREAK
^THE MANUAL FOR ^MICHAEL ^REESE ^BASIC.
.FG 1
.INDENT -5
<LB:[342,34]TECO.DOC
.X <TECO.DOC
.BREAK
^THE MANUAL FOR <TECO, THE SUPER TEXT EDITOR.
.FG 1
.INDENT -5
<DATAPLOT USER'S MANUAL
.X <DATAPLOT ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^A MANUAL FOR USING THE FORTRAN CALLABLE SUBROUTINES FOR PLOTTING ON THE
^VARIAN ELECTROSTATIC PRINTER-PLOTTER. ^NO ^RUNOFF SOURCE FOR THIS MANUAL
CURRENTLY EXISTS.
.LM 10
.LM 10;.RM 75
.APPENDIX <DEC <DOCUMENTATION
^THE FOLLOWING IS A LIST OF THE VARIOUS MANUALS CURRENTLY SUPPLIED WITH THE
<IAS OPERATING SYSTEM:
.LM 15
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^SYSTEM ^RELEASE ^NOTES:
.X ^SYSTEM ^RELEASE ^NOTES
.BREAK
^INFORMATION ON DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THIS AND PREVIOUS RELEASES OF THE SYSTEM,
KNOWN BUGS, ETC.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^SYSTEM ^MANAGEMENT ^GUIDE:
.X ^SYSTEM ^MANAGEMENT ^GUIDE
.BREAK
^INFORMATION ON DEVICE MANAGEMENT, ERROR LOGGING, CORE-DUMP ANALYZER, ETC.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^SYSTEM ^GENERATION AND ^STARTUP ^GUIDE:
.X ^SYSTEM ^GENERATION AND ^STARTUP ^GUIDE
.BREAK
^A DESCRIPTION OF TECHNIQUES NEEDED TO GENERATE A NEW COPY OF THE OPERATING
SYSTEM. ^A SYSGEN IS NORMALLY ONLY DONE TO INCLUDE NEW HARDWARE DEVICES
OR SYSTEM CHANGES. ^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST ONLY TO THE SYSTEM MANAGER.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^SYSTEM ^DIRECTIVES ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.X ^SYSTEM ^DIRECTIVES ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM DIRECTIVES THAT ALLOW EXPERIENCED <MACRO AND <FORTRAN
PROGRAMMERS TO CONTROL TASK EXECUTION AND INTERACTION.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
<I/O ^OPERATIONS ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.X <I/O ^OPERATIONS ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^A GUIDE TO THE <MACRO PROGRAMMER ON USING THE VARIOUS SYSTEM ROUTINES FOR
DIRECT USE OF THE <IAS FILES SYSTEM PROGRAMS.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^DIAGNOSTICS ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.BREAK
^DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIOUS ON-LINE DIAGNOSTICS AVAILABLE FOR TESTING VARIOUS
PERIPHERALS, (DISKS, MAG-TAPE,) ON THE SYSTEM.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO THE SYSTEM MANAGER.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^GUIDE TO ^WRITING A ^COMMAND ^LINE ^INTERPRETER:
.BREAK
^DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS SYSTEM CALLS AND UTILITES AVAILABLE TO THE PROGRAMMER
WHO WISHES TO WRITE A SPECIALIZED VERSION OF <MCR.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^GUIDE TO ^WRITING A ^DEVICE ^HANDLER:
.X ^GUIDE TO ^WRITING A ^DEVICE ^HANDLER
.BREAK
^DESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS SYSTEM CALLS AND UTILITES AVAILABLE TO THE PROGRAMMER
WHO WISHES TO WRITE A SPECIALIZED DEVICE HANDLER.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO THE SYSTEM MANAGER.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^DEVICE ^HANDLER'S ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.X ^DEVICE ^HANDLER'S ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIOUS HANDLER CHARACTERISTICS. ^OF GENERAL
INTEREST IN TERMS OF HANDLING OF <FORTRAN CARRIAGE-CONTROL, SPECIAL <I/O
REQUESTS FOR THE ^TERMINAL ^HANDLER, ETC.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^EXECUTIVE ^FACILITIES ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.X ^EXECUTIVE ^FACILITIES ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^AN IN-DEPTH DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIOUS DATA STRUCTURES IN THE SYSTEM, ALONG
WITH A DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM TRAPS, PARTITIONS, EVENTS, ETC. ^A NECESSARY
ADJUNCT TO UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSE FOR A SYSTEM CRASH OR HANG-UP.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
<MCR ^USERS ^GUIDE:
.X <MCR ^USERS ^GUIDE
.BREAK
^A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE OPERATION OF <MCR, (INCLUDING THE INDIRECT
COMMAND FILE FACILITY,) ALONG WITH A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF MOST <MCR
TASKS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^MACRO-11 ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.X ^MACRO-11 ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^A DESCRIPTION OF THE OPERATING PROCEEDURE FOR THE <MACRO COMPILER, ALONG
WITH CODING STANDARDS AND A GUIDE TO WRITING POSITION-INDEPENDANT CODE.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^FORTRAN ^LANGUAGE ^MANUAL:
.X ^FORTRAN ^LANGUAGE ^MANUALS
.BREAK
^A BASIC DESCRIPTION OF THE ^FORTRAN LANGUAGE. ^KNOWLEDGE OF STANDARD
^FORTRAN IS A PRE-REQUISITE TO USING THE MORE ADVANCED ^FORTRAN MANUALS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^FORTRAN<IV-PLUS ^USER'S ^GUIDE:
.BREAK
^A DESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNIQUES NEEDED TO COMPILE, <TKB, EXECUTE AND
DE-BUG A ^FORTRAN <IV-PLUS PROGRAM.^A KNOWLEDGE OF THE ^FORTRAN
^LANGUAGE ^MANUAL IS
A PREREQUISITE TO UNDERSTANDING THIS MANUAL.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^FORTRAN <IV-PLUS <OTS ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.BREAK
^A DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ^FORTRAN <IV-PLUS OPERATING SYSTEM. ^NOT
REQUIRED FOR NORMAL ^FORTRAN PROGRAMMING, BUT OF VERY USEFUL FOR PROGRAMMERS
WHO WISH TO COMBINE ^FORTRAN <IV-PLUS AND <MACRO OBJECT MODULES.
^KNOWLEDGE OF THE ^FORTRAN <IV-PLUS ^USER'S GUIDE AND <MACRO IS I PRE-
REQUISITE FOR UNDERSTANDING THIS MANUAL.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
<FORTRAN ^SPECIAL ^SUBROUTINES ^MANUAL:
.BREAK
^A GUIDE TO THE STANDARD SYSTEM <FORTRAN CALLABLE SUBROUTINES AVAILABLE
FOR INTERFACING TO THE STANDARD SYSTEM DIRECTIVES.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^SYSTEM ^LIBRARY ^ROUTINES ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.X ^SYSTEM ^LIBRARY ^ROUTINES
.BREAK
^A LISTING OF A COMPREHENSIVE PACKAGE OF <MACRO CALLABLE SUBROUTINES
USED FOR <I/O CONVERSION, MESSAGE FORMATTING, ETC.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED <MACRO USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^UTILITIES ^PROCEEDURES ^MANUAL:
.X ^UTILITIES ^PROCEEDURES ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^A MANUAL FOR MOST OF THE <DEC UTILITIES, (<PIP, <FLX, <EDI, ETC.) ^READING
OF THE APPROPRIATE CHAPTER OF THIS MANUAL IS RECOMMENDED BEFORE ONE ATTEMPTS
USING THE UTILITIES DESCRIBED THERIN.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
<DEC ^EDITOR (<EDT) ^MANUAL:
.X <EDT ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^A SEPERATE MANUAL FOR THE NEWER STANDARD <DEC EDITOR. ^EDT HAS CERTAIN
CAPABILITIES NOT AVAILABLE IN <EDI.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
<DSC ^USERS ^GUIDE:
.X <DSC ^USERS ^GUIDE
.BREAK
^MANUAL FOR THE ^DISK ^SAVE AND ^COMPRESS UTILITY. <DSC IS USED TO CREATE
BACK-UP COPIES OF THE VARIOUS DISKS ON THE SYSTEM. ^THESE COPIES CAN BE USED
TO RECOVER FILES (AND/OR WHOLE DISKS) LOST DUE TO OPERATOR ERROR OR SYSTEM
AND HARDWARE MALFUNCTION.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^TASK ^BUILDER ^MANUAL:
.X ^TASK ^BUILDER ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^DESCRIBES THE USE OF <TKB TO TAKE SEPERATE ^OBJECT MODULES CREATED WITH
THE <FORTRAN OR <MACRO COMPILER AND LINK THEM INTO A RUNNABLE PROGRAM, (A
<TASK.) ^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO <FORTRAN AND/OR <MACRO PROGRAMMERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^SORT ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.X ^SORT ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL
.BREAK
^A DESCRIPTION OF THE ^SORT (<SRT) UTILITY. ^SORT CAN TAKE ASCII DATA FILES
AND SORT THEM ALPHABETICALLY, INCLUDING SORTING BY SUB-SECTIONS OF EACH
RECORD. ^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO DATA-BASE PROGRAMMERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
<ODT ^REFERENCE ^MANUAL:
.BREAK
^A DESCRIPTION OF ^OCTAL ^DEBUGGING ^TECHNIQUE. <ODT IS INCLUDED WITH
A TEST VERSION OF A <MACRO PROGRAM TO ENABLE ON-LINE CONTROL OF PROGRAM
EXECUTION, CODE AND DATA ALTERATION, ETC.
^PRIMARILY OF INTEREST TO ADVANCED <MACRO USERS.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^BASIC-^PLUS-2 ^LANGUAGE ^MANUAL:
.X ^BASIC-^PLUS-2 ^MANUALS
.BREAK
^A DESCRIPTION OF <DEC'S ADVANCED <BASIC LANGUAGE. ^DESCRIBES THE BASIC
LANGUAGE ELEMENTS AND DATA STRUCTURES ONLY.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^BASIC-^PLUS-2 ^USERS'S ^GUIDE:
.BREAK
^A DESCRIPTION OF HOW TO USE ^BASIC-^PLUS-2 WITH THE <IAS OPERATING SYSTEM.
^DESCRIBES FILE <I/O TECHNIQUES, ERROR MESSAGES, ETC.
.FG 1;.INDENT -5
^BASIC-^PLUS-2 ^INSTALLATION ^GUIDE:
.BREAK
^A GUIDE TO INITIAL INSTALLATION AND TESTING OF ^BASIC-^PLUS 2. ^PRIMARILY
OF INTEREST TO THE ^SYSTEM ^MANAGER.
.LM 10
.APPENDIX ^^SAMPLE TERMINAL SESSION\\
.SKIP 1
^THIS EXAMPLE IS INTENDED TO DEMONSTRATE A FEW
OF THE COMMON ACTIVITIES PERFORMED AT AN ^^IAS\\
TERMINAL.
^USER INPUT IS SHOWN IN RED OR ENCLOSED IN "{}"'S.
.SKIP 2
.NOFILL
.TAB STOPS 38
^^MCR>{HELLO IRVING\\}	SIGN ON TO SYSTEM
^^PASSWORD:\\	PASSWORD IS NOT ECHOED
^^MCR>{EDI}\\	REQUEST THE FILE EDITOR.
^^EDI>{DK2:PROG.FOR}\\	IN RESPONSE TO THE PROMPT,
	SPECIFY FILE NAME.
^^[CREATING NEW FILE]\\	^SINCE THIS IS A NEW FILE, THE
^^INPUT\\	EDITOR ASSUMES INPUT MODE,
     {^^INTEGER A,B}\\	^USER ENTERS PROGRAM.
     {^I=1}\	(SEE ^^EDIT-11\\ MANUAL FOR FULL
      {.}	DESCRIPTION OF
      {.}	EDITOR COMMANDS
      {.}	AND TECHNIQUES.)
*{<EX}	LEAVE THE EDITOR.
.INDEX ^^FOR\\
^^MCR>{F4P PROG,TI:=DK2:PROG}\\	COMPILE THE PROGRAM, WITH
	A LISTING ON THE TERMINAL.
.INDEX ^^TKB\\
^^MCR>{TKB DK2:PROG=PROG}\\	BUILD A TASK
^^MCR>{RUN DK2:PROG$}\\	RUN THE PROGRAM.
	
             PROGRAM OUTPUT WOULD BE HERE
 
^^PROG - STOP\\	TASK TERMINATION MESSAGE.
^^MCR>{BYE}\\	EVOKE <MCR _& EXIT THE SYSTEM.
.FILL
.NOTE
.INDEX DEFAULT TYPE
^THE FILE TYPES USED IN THIS EXAMPLE ARE ALL SYSTEM
STANDARD DEFAULTS, AND THEREFORE USUALLY DO NOT NEED TO BE 
SPECIFIED.
^SINCE THE EDITOR DOES NOT KNOW WHAT TYPE OF FILE WILL
BE USED, THE FULL FILENAME AND TYPE
ARE SUPPLIED WHEN THE FILE IS CREATED.
^THE ^^FORTRAN-4-PLUS\\ COMPILER EXPECTS AN INPUT FILE OF TYPE .^^FOR\\,
 SO THE FILE TYPE IS NOT NECESSARY FOR THE 
INPUT FILE, AND, SINCE NO FILE TYPE WAS SPECIFIED FOR OUTPUT,
THE COMPILER CREATES A FILE
OF DEFAULT TYPE .^^OBJ\\.
^THIS FILE WILL BE ON THE DEFAULT SYSTEM DISK, SINCE NO
DISK WAS NAMED.
^THE TASK BUILDER EXPECTS AN INPUT FILE OF TYPE .^^OBJ\\,
AND CREATES A FILE OF DEFAULT TYPE .^^TSK\\ AS
OUTPUT.
^AT THE END OF THE SESSION, THERE ARE THREE FILES
ON DISK, ALL WITH FILE NAME ^^PROG\\.
^THEY ARE:
.SKIP 1
.NOFILL
.TAB STOPS 20
^^DK2:PROG.FOR\\	-SOURCE FILE.
^^DK1:PROG.OBJ\\	-OBJECT FILE.
^^DK2:PROG.TSK\\	-TASK IMAGE FILE, WHICH MAY BE ^^RUN\\.
.FILL
.ENDNOTE
.APPENDIX ^^DEVICES AVAILABLE\\
.INDEX DEVICE
.SKIP 2
^ALL DEVICES LISTED BELOW MAY BE TREATED AS
PHYSICAL DEVICES ON THE SYSTEM, SINCE REFERENCES TO THE
PSEUDO DEVICES ARE MAPPED TO THE
APPROPRIATE PHYSICAL DEVICES AUTOMATICALLY.
.SKIP 1
.TAB STOPS 20
.NOFILL
^^CI:\\	^CONSOLE INPUT (PSEUDO DEVICE).
^^CO:\\	^CONSOLE OUTPUT (PSEUDO DEVICE).
^^CL:\\	^CONSOLE LISTING (PSEUDO DEVICE).
.SKIP 1
^^DK0:
DK1:\\	^CARTRIDGE DISKS
<DP0:
<DP1:	^LARGE CAPACITY REMOVABLE DISKS
<DP2:
.SKIP 1
<DR0:	^LARGE CAPACITY FIXED DISKS
<DR1:
<DR2:
<DR3:
.SKIP 1
<CR0:	^PUNCH ^CARD ^READER
<PR0:	^PAPER ^TAPE ^READER
.SKIP 1
.FG 1
<LP0:	^HIGH SPEED LINE PRINTER
^^LP1:\\	^LOW SPEED LINE PRINTER
.SKIP 1
^^MT0:\\ 800 BPI MAGNETIC TAPE DRIVE.
<MM0:	1600/3200 BPI MAGNETIC TAPE DRIVE
.SKIP 1
^^SY0:\\	^SYSTEM DISK (PSEUDO DEVICE).
<SD0:	^USER'S SYSTEM (DEFAULT) DISK.
<LB0:	^LIBRARY DISK (PSEUDO DEVICE).
<WK0:	^WORK-FILE DISK (PSEUDO DEVICE).
.FG 1
^^TI0:\\	^TERMINAL INPUT (PSEUDO DEVICE).
.SKIP 1
<TT0-NN	^TERMINALS
.FILL
.LM 10;.RM 75
.APPENDIX ^^LIST OF MCR TASKS\\
.INDEX <MCR TASK LIST
.NOFILL
.FG 1
.TS 56
^^NAME    DESCRIPTION	REFERENCE\\
------  ---------------------------------	------------
.FG 1
.LS 2
.NOFILL
<ABO     (^ABORT TASK)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<ACT     (^SHOW ACTIVE TASKS)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<AID     (^ON-LINE INFORMATION)
<ATT     (^SHOW FILE ATTRIBUTES)		^REESE ^UTILITIES
<AZP     (^ABSOLUTE CORE PATCHER)	
<BAD     (^BAD BLOCK LOCATER)		<MCR ^MANUAL
<BAS     (^BASIC)		<BASIC MANUAL
<BDI     (<BRU DIRECTORY)
<BLO     (^SHOW BLOCKS USED)		^REESE ^UTILITIES
<BOO     (^BOOT SYSTEM)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<BRI     (^BRIEF DIRECTORY)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<BUG     (^FORTRAN DEBUGGER)	<BUG ^MANUAL
<BYE     (^SIGN-OFF)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<CDA     (^CRASH-DUMP ANALYZER)	^SYSTEM ^MANAGER
<CLO     (^CLOCK ON <SOROC)	
<CMP     (^COMPARE SOURCE FILES)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
<CON     (^CONTINUE TASK)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<COO     (^FORTUNE COOKIE)
<CZP     (<SCOM _& <EXEC CORE PATCHER)	
<DAM     (^DAMMIT)	
<DEL     (^DELETE A FILE)
<DEM     (^CORE USEAGE DISPLAY)	
<DEV     (^DISPLAY DEVICES)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<DFX     (DISK PATCHER)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<DIA     (^PRINT AT ^DIABLO)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<DIB     (^PRINT AT CUT SHEET PRINTER)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<DIR     (^DIRECTORY LIST)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<DMO     (^DISMOUNT DEVICE)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<DMP     (^DUMP FILE)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
<DOC     (^LIST AT <LP1:)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<DSC     (^DISC SAVE/COPY)	<DSC ^MANUAL
<DSM     (^DISK STORAGE MONITOR)	
<DTC     (^DESK TOP CALENDER)	<AID
<DTR     (^DATATRIEVE)	<DATATRIEVE
<DUP     (^CONNECT TO 11/45
<EDI     (^STANDARD EDITOR)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
<EDT     (^SCOPE EDITOR)	<EDT ^MANUAL
<ERRLOG  (^ERROR LOGGING)	^SYSTEM ^MANAGER
<ERROFF  (^STOP ERRLOGGING)	^SYSTEM ^MANAGER
<F1C     (^EARLY FORTRAN COMPILER)	<FOR
<F4P     (^FORTRAN 4-PLUS COMPILER)	<F4P
<F77     (^FORTRAN-77 COMPILER)	<F4P
<FAC     (^FILE ACTIVITY DISPLAY)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<FDU     (^3-MODE FILE DUMPER)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<FHD     (^FILE-HEADER DISPLAY)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<FLX     (^FILE TRANSFER UTILITY)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
<FON     (^ON-LINE PHONE BOOK)	<AID
<FOR     (^SHORT FORM FORTRAN)
<FRE     (^LIST FREE BLOCKS)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<FRG     (^DISK FRAGMENTATION DISPLAY)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<HEL     (^SIGN-ON)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<IND     (^INDIRECT <MCR ^MANUAL)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<INF     (^REESE INFORMATION PACKAGE)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<INI     (^INITIALIZE DEVICE)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<INS     (^INSTALL TASK)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<INV     (^SYSGEN INSTALL)	
<KED     (^KEYPAD EDITOR)	<KED ^MANUAL
<LBR     (^LIBRARIAN)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
<LIS     (^MULTI-COLUMN LISTER)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<LOA     (^LOAD DEVICE HANDLER)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<LPN     (^PRINT AT LASER PRINTER)	<DIA ^MANUAL
<LUN     (^LIST TASK ^^LUN\\'S)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<LUT     (^LIST ACTIVE TASK ^^LUN\\'S)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<MAY     (^MAY THE BIRD OF HAPPINESS...)
<MAC     (^MACRO COMPILER)	<MACRO ^MANUAL
<MAX     (^SHORT FORM MACRO COMPILER)
<MEM     (^FREE TASK WITH MEMORY PARITY)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<MMC     (^TAPE TO TAPE COPY)	<AID
<MOU     (^MOUNT ^DEVICE)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<MTC     (^TAPE TO TAPE COPY)	<AID
<MUR	 (^MURPHY'S LAWS)
<NED     (^NETWORK EDITOR)	<IAS ^UTILITIES (<EDI)
<OPE     (^OPEN CORE LOCATION)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<OPR     (^OPERATE PRINTER SPOOLER)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<PAG     (^PAGEINATED LISTING)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<PAT     (^OBJECT MODULE PATCHER)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
<PIP     (^PERIPHERAL ^EXCHANGE PROGRAM)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
<PRI     (^PRINT FILE AT <LP:)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<PRO     (^PROTECT FILE)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<PSE     (^PRE-SELECT ERRORS FROM <ERRLOG)	^SYSTEM ^MANAGER
<PUR     (^PURGE FILE TO 1 VERSION)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<QUE     (^PRINT QUE MANAGER)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<QUX     (^SPECIAL PRINT QUEUE LISTER)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<RAT     (^RATFOR)	<RATFOR MANUAL
<RA5     (^RATFIVE)	<RATFIV MANUAL
<REC     (^RECLAIM LOCKED FILE)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<RCV     (^RECOVER LOCKED FILE)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<REA     (^RE-ASSIGN LUNS)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<RED     (^REDIRECT DEVICE)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<REM     (^REMOVE TASK)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<RES     (^RESUME SUSPENDED TASK)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<RNO     (^TEXT PROCESSOR)	<RUNOFF ^MANUAL
<RNX     (^BONNER LABS RUNOFF)	<RUNOFF ^MANUAL
<RNP     (<RNO PRE-PROCESSOR)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<RUN     (^RUN TASK)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<SAV     (^SAVE THE SYSTEM)	<MCR ^MANUAL ^MANUAL
<SDV     (^SET DEFAULT DEVICE)	
<SEN     (^SEND MESSAGES)	
<SET     (^SET DEFAULT <UIC)	<MCR ^MANUAL ^MANUAL
<SGN1    (^SYSTEM GENERATION)	^SYSGEN ^MANUAL
<SLP     (^INDIRECT FILE EDITOR)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
<SPE     (^SPELLING CHECKER)	<AID
<SPY     (<CPU USAGE DISPLAY)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<SRD     (^DIRECTORY SORTER)	<SRD ^MANUAL
<SRT     (^FILE SORTER)	<SRT ^MANUAL
<SUB     (^SUBMIT <BATCH JOB)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<SYE     (^SYSTEM ERROR REPORTER)	^SYSTEM ^MANAGER
<SYS     (^SYSTEM INFORMATION)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<TASKER  (^TASK FILE INSPECTOR)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<TEC     (^TECO EDITOR)	<TECO ^MANUAL
<TER     (^TERMINAL CHARACTERISTICS)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<TIM     (^TIM SET/DISPLAY)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<TKB     (^TASK ^BUILDER)	<TKB ^MANUAL
<TLK     (^TALK TO ANOTHER TERMINAL)	^^DEC\\NET ^UTILITIES
<TYP     (^TYPE FILE AT TERMINAL)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<UFD     (^CREATE <UIC ON DISK)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<UNL     (^REMOVE DEVICE HANDLERS)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<UNP     (^UNPROTECT FILE)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<USE     (^SET DEFAULT <UIC)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<UTX     (^TASK PRIORITY DISPLAY)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<VFY     (^DISK STRUCTURE VERIFIER)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
<VTL     (^VIDEO TERMINAL LISTER)	<AID
<WHA     (^SHOW WHATS RUNNING)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<WHE     (^LIST WHERE TERMINALS ARE)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<WHN     (^LIST CLOCK QUEUE)	^REESE ^UTILITIES
<WHO     (^LIST WHO'S LOGGED ON)	<MCR ^MANUAL
<WHY     (^WHY NOT)	
<ZAP     (^ABSOLUTE FILE PATCHER)	<IAS ^UTILITIES
.LS 1
.LM 10;.FILL
.APPENDIX ^^IAS ERROR CODES\\
.INDEX ERROR CODES
.SKIP 1
^ERRORS ARE REPORTED BY THE ^^IAS\\ SYSTEM
USING A NUMERICAL CODE SYSTEM.
^THIS APPENDIX CONTAINS A LIST OF THESE
CODES AND A SHORT EXPLANATION OF EACH CODE.
.SKIP 2
^FILE CONTROL SYSTEM (^^FCS\\) ERROR CODES.
.X <FCS ERRORS
.SKIP 1
^THESE ERRORS ARE REPORTED TO THE USER IN THE ^^FDB\\,
AND PRINTED BY THE ^^FORTRAN OTS\\.
^THE ^^FORTRAN\\ ERROR MESSAGE IS IN THE FORM:
.SKIP 1
^^FCS: -24 0 FILENAME 4\\
.SKIP 1
WHERE THE ERROR CODE IS THE FIRST NUMBER PRINTED (-24 IN
THE EXAMPLE).
^THE REMAINING INFORMATION ON THIS LINE IS AN ERROR TYPE
INDICATOR (0 INDICATES AN ^^FCS\\ ERROR),
THE FILENAME OF THE FILE (NOT INCLUDING TYPE OR VERSION),
AND THE LOGICAL UNIT ON WHICH THIS ERROR OCCURRED.
.SKIP 1
.NOFILL
^DECIMAL ^OCTAL     ^SIGNIFICANCE
.SKIP 1
   - 1  377    ^BAD PARAMETERS
   - 2  376    ^INVALID FUNCTION CODE
   - 3  375    ^DEVICE NOT READY
   - 4  374    ^PARITY ERROR ON DEVICE
   - 5  373    ^HARDWARE OPTION NOT PRESENT
   - 6  372    ^ILLEGAL USER BUFFER
   - 7  371    ^DEVICE NOT ATTACHED
   - 8  370    ^DEVICE ALREADY ATTACHED
   - 9  367    ^DEVICE NOT ATTACHABLE
   -10  366    ^END OF FILE DETECTED
   -11  365    ^END OF VOLUME DETECTED
   -12  364    ^WRITE ATTEMPTED TO LOCKED UNIT
   -13  363    ^DATA OVERRUN
   -14  362    ^SEND/RECEIVE FAILURE
   -15  361    ^REQUEST TERMINATED
   -16  360    ^PRIVILEGE VIOLATION
   -17  357    ^SHARABLE RESOURCE IN USE
   -18  356    ^ILLEGAL OVERLAY REQUEST
   -19  355    ^ODD BYTE COUNT (OR VIRTUAL ADDRESS)
   -20  354    ^LOGICAL BLOCK NUMBER TOO LARGE
   -21  353    ^INVALID ^^UDC\\ MODULE #
   -22  352    ^^UDC\\ CONNECT ERROR
   -23  351    ^CALLER'S NODES EXHAUSTED
   -24  350    ^DEVICE FULL
   -25  347    ^INDEX FILE FULL
   -26  346    ^NO SUCH FILE
   -27  345    ^LOCKED FROM READ/WRITE ACCESS
   -28  344    ^FILE HEADER FULL
   -29  343    ^ACCESSED FOR WRITE
   -30  342    ^FILE HEADER CHECKSUM FAILURE
   -31  341    ^ATTRIBUTE CONTROL LIST FORMAT ERROR
   -32  340    ^FILE PROCESSOR DEVICE READ ERROR
   -33  337    ^FILE PROCESSOR DEVICE WRITE ERROR
   -34  336    ^FILE ALREADY ACCESSED ON ^^LUN\\
   -35  335    ^FILE ^^ID\\, FILE NUMBER CHECK
   -36  334    ^FILE ^^ID\\, SEQUENCE NUMBER CHECK
   -37  333    ^NO FILE ACCESSED ON ^^LUN\\
   -38  332    ^FILE WAS NOT PROPERLY CLOSED
   -39  331    ^OPEN - NO BUFFER SPACE AVAILABLE FOR FILE
   -40  330    ^ILLEGAL RECORD SIZE
   -41  327    ^FILE EXCEEDS SPACE ALLOCATED, NO BLOCKS
   -42  326    ^ILLEGAL OPERATION ON FILE DESCRIPTOR BLOCK
   -43  325    ^BAD RECORD TYPE
   -44  324    ^ILLEGAL RECORD ACCESS BITS SET
   -45  323    ^ILLEGAL RECORD ATTRIBUTES BITS SET
   -46  322    ^ILLEGAL RECORD NUMBER - TOO LARGE
   -47  321    (UNUSED)
   -48  320    ^RENAME - 2 DIFFERENT DEVICES
   -49  317    ^RENAME - NEW FILE NAME ALREADY IN USE
   -50  316    ^BAD DIRECTORY FILE
   -51  315    ^CAN'T RENAME OLD FILE SYSTEM
   -52  314    ^BAD DIRECTORY SYNTAX
   -53  313    ^FILE ALREADY OPEN
   -54  312    ^BAD FILE NAME
   -55  311    ^BAD DEVICE NAME
   -56  310    ^BAD BLOCK ON DEVICE
   -57  307    ^ENTER - DUPLICATE ENTRY IN DIRECTORY
   -58  306    ^NOT ENOUGH STACK SPACE (^^FCS\\ OR ^^FCP\\)
   -59  305    ^FATAL HARDWARE ERROR ON DEVICE
   -60  304    ^FILE ^^ID\\ WAS NOT SPECIFIED
   -61  303    ^ILLEGAL SEQUENTIAL OPERATION
   -62  302    ^END OF TAPE DETECTED
   -63  301    ^BAD VERSION NUMBER
   -64  300    ^BAD FILE HEADER
   -65  277    ^DEVICE OFF LINE
   -66  276    ^BLOCK CHECK OR ^^CRC\\ ERROR
   -67  275    (UNUSED)
   -68  274    ^NO SUCH NODE
   -69  273    ^PATH LOST TO PARTNER
   -70  272    ^BAD LOGICAL BUFFER
   -71  271    ^TOO MANY OUTSTANDING MESSAGES
   -72  270    ^NO DYNAMIC SPACE AVAILABLE
   -73  267    ^CONNECTION REJECTED
   -74  266    ^TIMEOUT ON REQUEST
   -75  265    ^FILE EXPIRATION DATE NOT REACHED
   -76  264    ^BAD TAPE FORMAT
   -77  263    ^NOT ^^ANSI 'D'\\ FORMAT BYTE COUNT
   -78  262    ^NOT A NETWORK ^^LUN\\
   -79  261    ^TASK NOT LINKED TO SPECIFIED ^^ICS/ICR\\ INTERRUPTS
   -80  260    ^SPECIFIED TASK NOT INSTALLED
   -81  257    ^DEVICE OFFLINE WHEN OFFLINE REQUEST WAS ISSUED
   -82  256    ^INVALID ESCAPE SEQUENCE
   -83  255    ^PARTIAL ESCAPE SEQUENCE
   -84  254    ^ALLOCATION FAILURE
   -85  253    ^UNLOCK ERROR
   -86  252    ^WRITE CHECK FAILURE
.FILL
.SKIP 2
^MAGNETIC TAPE MOUNT ERROR CODES.
.INDEX MOUNT
.INDEX MAGNETIC TAPE
.SKIP 1
^THESE ERRORS ARE GENERATED WHILE MOUNTING
^^ANSI\\ FILE-STRUCTURED MAGNETIC TAPE VOLUMES,
AND ARE REPORTED AFTER A ^^MOU\\NT COMMAND, IN THE FORM:
.SKIP 1
^^MOU -- MOUNT ERROR ACP\\ NNN
.SKIP 1
WHERE NNN IS THE ERROR NUMBER.
.SKIP 1
.TAB STOPS 5 16
^DECIMAL VALUE	^MEANING
.NOFILL
	6	^GET COMMAND LINE ERROR
	7	^SYNTAX ERROR
	8	^BAD DEVICE
	11	^WRONG VOLUME (INCORRECT LABEL)
	12	^ALL UNITS MUST BE ^T^U16S
	13	^NOT ^^ANSI\\ FORMAT
	17	^PRIVILEGE VIOLATION
	18	^MIXED 9 AND 7 TRACK
	19	^MESSAGE TASK (^^F11MSG\\) NOT INSTALLED.
.FILL
\\
.APPENDIX <INDEX
.PRINT INDEX
