COMMAND LINE
 
VAX/VMS command line format
 
The editor is entered  via  the  command  SED  filename  or  TED
filename.  The SED command will cause the screen edit mode to be
the default edit mode, whereas the TED command will  enter  line
edit  mode.  The filename is optional, if present that file will
be loaded if it exists; otherwise the file will be created. Note
that  the file is not actually created until you END the editor.
If you omit 'filename' the editor will edit the  file  you  last
edited, using  your  current  directory  as the default.  If you
have just logged in there will be no 'last file edited'  so  TED
would then prompt for a file to edit.
 
There are  several  switches  that can be placed  on the command
line after the filename that may be  useful.  They  are  /CREATE
for  create,  /CASE  to force lower to upper case, /TAB to force
expansion of horizontal tabs to spaces and  /XL  to  force  both
tab expansion and case conversion.  Keep in mind that TED always
loads its own copy  of the file being edited.  It is not updated
to your directory until you END or use the SAVE command.
 
Examples:
 
        $ TED JUNK.DAT/TAB
        $ TED JUNK.DAT/CR
 
Additionally, if your home directory  (SYS$LOGIN:) has a file of
the  name TEDINIT.INI, TED (or SED) will read commands from that
file to set your environment up.  See HELP SET for information.
 
Line editor command line format
 
Command line format once in the editor is always of the form:
 
        EDIT> COMMAND low_limit,high_limit:target_line/file_name
 
The defaults are always:
 
        low_limit  = first line of the file (line one)
        high_limit = last line of the file  (line *  )
        target     = first line of the file (line one)
        file_name  = terminal
 
There are a few exceptions  to this format  for consistency with
DCL command formats, they are:
 
        DCL   dcl_command_line  or DCL/command_line
        HELP  topic_name        or HELP/topic_name
        SET   class value       or SET/class value
        SPAWN dcl_command_line  or SPAWN/command_line
        TYPE  file_name         or TYPE/file_name
 
See the section for individual commands for further information.
 
WILDCARD
 
The VMS version of  TED  allows  the  use  of  fully  wildcarded
filenames  as  the  input  file.  If  TED  (or SED) encounters a
wildcarded name it will proceed to  search  for  matching  files
and  prompt  you  to decide which one(s) to edit.  The responses
recognized are (only the first character is needed):
 
        YES             to edit the file
        NO              to skip it
        QUIT            to exit TED
        BACKUP          to go back to the previous file
        TOP             to start over with the first file
 
        SWITCH          to read a new file specification
        Carriage return to skip the file
        Control C       to exit TED
 
Example:
 
        $ SED 1:[.ted]*.c
        Edit file 1:[BRIAN.TED]EDINS.C;11 ? Y
 
$
 
Command:         $ [vmscommandline]
 
The $  command, like the DCL and SPAWN  commands,  will  take  a
command   line   argument  and  call  the  system  command  line
interpreter.  In the case of VMS, this is, of course, DCL.  This
command  allows  you to give commands to the system without ever
leaving the editor.  There are two forms of this editor command,
in  that  leaving off the DCL command text will cause the editor
to wait until the subprocess exits.  This is done under VMS with
the LOGOUT command.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> $ SHO SYSTEM
        EDIT> $
 
ADD
 
Command:         ADD [/file_name]
 
The  ADD command takes input from either the current terminal or
a disk file and  appends  the  text  to  the  end  of  the  file
currently being edited.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> ADD
        EDIT> ADD/junkfiles:junk.dat
 
APPEND
 
Command:        APPEND [low_limit[,high_limit]] [/file_name]
Abbreviation:   APP
 
The  APPEND  command  adds text at the end of a line or group of
lines, one at a time.  If input is directed  from a  disk  file,
the  result  is  to add the text from corresponding lines to the
end of each line.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> TYPE JUNK.DAT
              first line from junk.dat
              second line from junk.dat
        EDIT> L5,6
          5 )this is line 5
          6 )this is line 6
        EDIT> APP 5,6/JUNK.DAT
        EDIT> L5,6
          5 )this is line 5first line from junk.dat
          6 )this is line 6second line from junk.dat
 
Of course, if the FILE argument is omitted, you will be prompted
for input for each line from your terminal.
 
ASCII
 
Command:        ASCII [low_limit[,high_limit]
Abbreviation:   AS
 
The ASCII command dumps the specified line range to the terminal
in a  formatted  display.   The  decimal ASCII  equivalents  are
printed on the left hand side of the display, with the printable
ASCII text  along side it on the right hand side of the display.
Note that the entire file  is dumped  if no line number range is
given.
 
CASE
 
Command:        CASE
 
The CASE command causes the  lower  to  upper  case  translation
flag to  toggle.  If set, all subsequent text input is converted
to upper case where applicable.  This command  is  provided  for
compatibility  with  the  PDP-11  version  of TED.  The SET CASE
command offers more flexibility.  For  further information,  see
help for SET and help for COMMANDLINE.
 
CDELETE
 
Command:        CDELETE [low_limit[,high_limit]]
Abbreviation:   CD
 
The  CDELETE  (CharacterDELETE)  allows you to delete characters
within a line(s) based on position  within  the  line.  This  is
useful for converting file formats such as directory listings to
command files where the  source  file  follows  a  well  defined
format.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> L2,3
            2 )A single user VAX 11/785 is nice
            3 )1234567890ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQR
        EDIT> CD2,3
        Delete>                  xxxxxxx
            2 )A single user VAX is nice
            3 )1234567890ABCDEFGHPQR
        EDIT>
 
The  reprinting  of  the  altered lines can be suppressed by the
command QUIET or SET QUIET.
 
CHANGE
 
Command:        CHANGE [low_limit[,high_limit][/file_name]
Abbreviation:   C
 
The CHANGE command allows the user to delete one  or more  lines
and  replace them  with new line(s) from the specified file.  If
no file_name  is  given,  input  is  assumed to  come  from  the
terminal.  The  CHANGE command is actually a combined DELETE and
INSERT command.  If just LOW_LIMIT is given, that  line  will be
deleted  and  new lines will be inserted from the specified file
or terminal.  If a range of lines is given, as in CHANGE 20,30 ,
all lines from the low_limit  up to and including the high_limit
will be deleted, with new lines being taken from  the  file  (if
given) or the terminal.
 
Examples:
 
        EDIT>C20,30/fubar.txt
        EDIT>C200,300
        EDIT>C1
 
The  first  example deletes lines 20 to 30 and then inserts text
from the disk file FUBAR.TXT.  The  second  example deletes  101
lines  from  line  200  up  to  and including line 300, and then
prompts for new  text  from  the  terminal.  The  third  example
deletes  the  first  line  of the file and replaces it with text
from the terminal.
 
COPY
 
Command:        COPY [low_limit[,high_limit]][target_line]
 
The  COPY  command  will  take the specified lines and duplicate
them at the target line.   As always,  the default for LOW_LIMIT
is line 1,  for the HIGH_LIMIT it is the last line,  and for the
TARGET_LINE  it is line 1.   Thus, the COPY command  without any
arguments  would duplicate the entire file.  A companion command
to COPY is MOVE, which is like a combined COPY and DELETE.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> COPY1,10:100
 
DCL
 
Command:        DCL [vmscommandline]
 
The DCL  command is identical to the $  command,  it  takes  the
command  after  'DCL'  and  spawns (on VMS) the command.  If the
COMMANDLINE argument is omitted, it spawns  DCL  and  waits  for
the subprocess  to  exit via the LOGOUT DCL command.  The screen
editor (accessed via the VT  command  within  TED,  or  the  SED
command from DCL) has two versions of this available, one  which
will record the output from the subprocess and  insert  it  into
the file being edited.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> DCL SHO DEV D
 
List of Devices       on     4-JAN-1985 10:15:23.61
Device Device      Device       Err.   Volume   Free  Trans Mount
Name   Status  Characteristics Count    Label  Blocks Count Count
DUA0:  on line mnt                 0 VAXVMSRL3 725356    46     1
DUA1:  on line mnt                 0 USERDISK1 333632     4     1
 
DELETE
 
Command:        DELETE [low_limit[,high_limit]][/file_name]
Abbreviation:   D
 
The  DELETE  command  allows  you  to  delete a line or group of
lines, optionally writing those lines  to  a  disk  file  before
they  are removed  from  your  file being edited.  If you should
happen to accidently delete a line, the UNDELETE command can  be
used  to  recover  it,  as in  UNDEL 100.  Note that DELETE only
saves the last line deleted, so that the command  DEL1,10  would
only leave  line  10  available  for UNDELETE.  In the following
examples, the first deletes lines 20 though and  including  line
30.  The  second  example removes lines 100 and 101, saving them
into the disk file called JUNK.  The third example  deletes line
20 and then undeletes it.
 
Examples:
 
        EDIT> D20,30
        EDIT> D100,101/JUNK
        EDIT> DEL 20
        EDIT> UNDEL 20
 
DIR
 
Command:        DIRECTORY
Abbreviation:   DIR
 
Provides a list of files or information about a file or group of
files.   Spawns the DCL DIRECTORY command.
 
 
DUMP
 
Command:        DUMP
 
The  DUMP  command simply dumps some internal data structures to
the terminal.
 
DUPLICATE
 
Command:        DUPLICATE [low_limit[,high_limit]]
Abbreviation:   DUP
 
The DUPLICATE command simply takes a line and appends that  line
to  itself.   As in other commands, specifying the lowlimit only
will only duplicate that line, whereas giving  a  low  and  high
limit will do the same for each line in that range.  The command
given without any line ranges will do the entire file.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> DUP1,3
 
Before: line 1 > 1:[.junk]junk.dat
        line 2 > 1:[.fubar]field.circus;1
        line 3 > 1:[.fubar]zz.zz
 
After:  line 1 > 1:[.junk]junk.dat1:[.junk]junk.dat
        line 2 > 1:[.fubar]field.circus;11:[.fubar]field.circus;1
        line 3 > 1:[.fubar]zz.zz1:[.fubar]zz.zz
 
END
 
Command:        END
Abbreviation:   E
 
The END command terminates the current edit and writes the  file
back to  disk.  The END command prompts  for an output filename,
with the filename displayed within <> being the default  to  use
if your response to the command is a carriage return.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> E
        Output file <FUBAR.TXT> ?
        $
        EDIT> E
        Output file <FUBAR.TXT> ? JUNK.DAT
        $
 
EXIT
 
Command:        EXIT
 
The EXIT command is identical to the END command.  See HELP END.
 
FILE
 
Command:        FILE
Abbreviation:   F
 
The FILE command tells you the name of file you are editing.
 
INSERT
 
Command:        INSERT [at_line_number][/file_name]
Abbreviation:   I
 
The INSERT command takes lines of text from either the  terminal
or  a  disk  file  and  places  these  lines into the file being
edited (please keep  in  mind  that  the  input  file  is  never
altered  until  you  END  the editor).  The optional line number
specifies where in  the  file  the  input  will  be  placed.  If
omitted  all  text  will be placed at the start of your file, in
other words, at line one.  The first example will take the  disk
file  FUBAR.TXT and insert it in front of line 100 in your file.
The second example is the default case, it reads lines from  the
terminal  and  inserts  them  at the top of the file, with input
terminated with a CONTROL/Z.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> I100/FUBAR.TXT
        EDIT> I
 
HELP
 
Help is available on the following topics:
 
     $            ADD          APPEND       ASCII        CASE
     CDELETE      CHANGE       COMMAND_LINE COPY         DCL
     DELETE       DUMP         DUPLICATE    END          EXIT
     FILE         INSERT       LEN          LIST         MOVE
     PLACE        QUIET        QUIT         REPLACE      RETICENT
     SAVE         SEARCH       SET          SPAWN        STATS
     TAB          TAPPEND      TIME         TRIM         TYPE
     UNDELETE     VERBOSE      VTEDIT       WILDCARD_FILENAMES
     XCHANGE      XLATE        /L
 
     The following system commands are also in TED:
 
     DIRECTORY    ERASE (Delete/erase)      PURGE        ZAP
 
     Optional arguments  are normally  indicated  by surrounding
     the text with  [] , as in ADD [/file_name] which means that
     the file_name is optional.
 
LEN
 
Command:        LEN
Syntax:         LEN [low_limit[,high_limit]]
 
The LEN command prints out the length  of  the  specified  lines
along  with a symbolic representation of the terminators for the
line(s).
 
LIST
 
Command:        LIST
Syntax:         LIST [low_limit[,high_limit]][/file_name]
Abbreviation:   L
 
The LIST command writes your text either to the terminal  or  to
a  disk file.  The  default is, of course, the terminal.  A file
with the text in it can be created by supplying a file_name,  as
in  LIST 1,10/FUBAR.DAT.  The defaults for the line number range
are one (1) for the low_limit and *  (the  last  line)  for  the
high_limit.
 
Examples:
 
        EDIT> L1,10/T.T                Copies lines 1 through 10
                                       into the disk file T.T
        EDIT> L1,10                    Prints lines 1 through 10
                                       on the terminal.
        EDIT> L                        Prints the entire file on
                                       the terminal.
 
MOVE
 
Command:        MOVE
Syntax:         MOVE low_limit[,high_limit]:destination_line
Abbreviation:   M
 
The  MOVE command allows the movement of blocks of text from one
part of the file to another.  The  effect is  a  COPY  operation
followed  by  a DELETE.  The third argument, the destination, is
the line number in the file for the desired lines to  be  placed
at.  For  instance,  M1,10:100  takes  lines one through ten and
places them at line 100, leaving what used  to  be  line  11  as
line  1  now, while the command M100,110:1 would takes lines 100
through 110 and put them at the start of the file.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> MOVE1,10:100              Moves lines 1 through 10
                                        to line 100.
 
PLACE
 
Command:        PLACE
Syntax:         PLACE [low_limit[,high_limit]]
Abbreviation:   P
 
The PLACE command  allows  you  to  insert  a  character  string
anywhere  in  a line or blocks of lines based on position within
the line(s).  It is  very  useful  for  generating  things  like
command  files  from  directory  listings.  When this command is
executed, TED will prompt with a Insert> prompt.  At that point,
you  simply  space  or  tab  over to the position in the line(s)
where the text is to be inserted.  If leading spaces or tabs are
to be inserted, type a / (tilde) to delimit it.
                       /
                       _
 
In  this  example,  the  LIST  command is done to show the lines
before  the  PLACE  command  is  used.  The  PLACE  command,  by
default,  always  echoes  the lines it modifies to the terminal.
This can be avoided with the QUIET or SET QUIET commands.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> L1,3
             1)1:[.fubr]testprog.for
             2)1:[.fubr]testprog.com
             3)1:[.fubr]testprog.exe
        EDIT> P1,3
        Insert>         =msa0:
             1)1:[.fubr]=msa0:testprog.for
             2)1:[.fubr]=msa0:testprog.com
             3)1:[.fubr]=msa0:testprog.exe
        EDIT>
 
PURGE
 
Command:        PURGE
 
Deletes all but the highest numbered version(s)  of the file(s).
Spawns the DCL PURGE command.
 
QUIET
 
Command:        QUIET
 
The  QUIET  command  suppress the automatic printing of modified
lines by commands such as REPLACE, PLACE,  TAPPEND  and  others.
It is the same as the SET QUIET command.
 
QUIT
 
Command:        QUIT
 
The QUIT command aborts the current edit  without  updating  the
file  being edited  on disk.  If there are more than 15 lines in
the file, you will be asked to confirm the  command.  The  QQUIT
command can be used to avoid the confirmation.
 
REPLACE
 
Command:        REPLACE
Syntax:         REPLACE [low_limit[,high_limit]]
Abbreviation:   R
 
The REPLACE command  substitutes  any  text  matching  a  search
pattern  with  a replacement  text  string.  The REPLACE command
will prompt for the  pattern  text  and  the  replacement  text.
Sensitivity  to  case  is controlled by the SET SEARCH EXACT and
SET SEARCH GENERAL commands.  The  following example  takes  ALL
occurrences  of the  string December and replaces that text with
the text January.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> R1,3
        Search text ? December
        Replacement text ? January
        EDIT>
 
SAVE
 
Command:        SAVE
 
The  SAVE command writes the current contents of your file back
out to disk under the same filename.
 
SEARCH
 
Command:        SEARCH
Syntax:         SEARCH [low_limit[,high_limit]] [:pattern][/file]
Abbreviation:   S
 
The SEARCH command will print to the terminal or to a disk  file
any  lines  within  the  range  if  those  lines  match  a  user
specified search pattern.  The pattern can  optionally  be taken
from the file itself by specifying :pattern.   As in the REPLACE
command,  case sensitivity is determined by the SET SEARCH EXACT
and SET SEARCH GENERAL commands.  In the following examples, the
first simply accepts a pattern from the terminal and  will print
the lines containing that pattern  on the terminal.   The second
will do  the same thing  but with all output going  out to disk,
whereas the third example takes the contents of line 1 and looks
for that text in the rest of the file.
 
Examples:
 
        EDIT> S1,100
        Search string ? VAX
        EDIT> S1,100/PDP.TXT
        Search string ? PDP
        EDIT> S:1
 
SET
 
Command:        SET
Syntax:         SET Keyword [value]
 
The SET command is used to control various  options  within  the
editor.  This  command can also be called from the screen editor
(the  V  command)  via  Control/V,   as  some  of  the  settable
functions  are  only  relevant  to  the screen  editor.  The SET
options listed that are prefixed with a *  are  only  applicable
to  full screen editing.  Note that these are  commands that you
may want to insert in the file TEDINIT.INI .
 
*SET 80                         Sets 80 column mode (assume AVO)
*SET 132                        Sets 132 column mode
*SET AST ANY                    Any command typed  while a new
                                screen is being put up cancels
                                the screen display.
*SET AST PAGE                   Only the PF2 key can interrupt
 SET CASE MIX                   Leaves case unchanged
 SET CASE UPPPER                Forces lower case input to upper
*SET ESCAPE ON                  Flags special printing for  all
                                escape characters (screen edit)
*SET ESCAPE OFF                 Disables special escape print
*SET FILL value                 Sets width for screen editor's
                                Paragraph (gold P) command.
 SET QUIET                      Disables automatic echo printing
 SET SEARCH GENERAL             Letters match regardless of case
 SET SEARCH EXACT               Letters must be of same case
 SET TAB EXPANDED               Causes horizontal tabs to be
                                expanded to spaces.
 SET TAB KEEP                   Keeps horizontal tabs.
*SET TERMINAL value             Value is VT100, VT220 or ANSI
 SET VERBOSE                    Enables automatic echo printing
*SET WORD 'delim' 'delim'       Allows the user to specify their
                                own delimiters for the next word
                                command, as in SET WORD ';'
 
SPAWN
 
Command:        SPAWN
Syntax:         SPAWN vmscommandline
 
The SPAWN command is identical to the DCL and  $  commands.   It
simply  takes  the  passed command line and passes it to VMS for
execution.
 
STATS
 
Command:        STATS
 
The STATS command displays information regarding the performance
of TED's internal cacheing algorithms.
 
TAB
 
Command:        TAB
 
This command is similar to the  SET TAB EXPANDED command in that
it causes  horizontal tabs  to be expanded  to spaces.   This is
useful if the file is to be sent to a non-DEC host that does not
understand tabs.
 
TAPPEND
 
Command:        TAPPEND
Syntax:         TAPPEND [low_limit[,high_limit]]
Abbreviation:   TAP
 
The TAPPEND command will prompt for a specified line of text and
then proceed to append it to all the lines specified in the line
number range.  If no linenumber range is given, the command will
be applied to the entire file.  The TAPPEND command is thus very
similar to the APPEND command,  but uses one string for the line
range rather than a separate string to append to each line.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT>TAP 1,10
        Text to append ?
        EDIT>
 
TIME
 
Command:        TIME
Abbreviation:   T
 
This just prints the date and time of day.
 
TRIM
 
Command:        TRIM
Syntax:         TRIM [low_limit[,high_limit]]:length
 
The  TRIM  command  is  used  to  truncate  lines  of  text.  It
additionally removes all trailing TABS and SPACES.  This is most
useful  in  creating  command  files  from  directories  and for
removing sequence information from Fortran  source  files.  TRIM
always  echoes  each  line  it  alters,  thus  use the SET QUIET
command to disable this if desired.  The following example  will
truncate  each line at character position 72 and then remove all
trailing spaces and horizontal tabs.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> SET QUIET
        EDIT> TRIM:72
        EDIT> SET VERBOSE
 
TYPE
 
Command:        TYPE
Syntax:         TYPE filename.filetype
                TYPE/filename.filetype
 
The TYPE command simply prints a file to the terminal.
 
UNDELETE
 
Command:        UNDELETE
Syntax:         UNDELETE [at_linenumber]
Abbreviation:   UND
 
The  UNDELETE  command  will  put back the most recently deleted
line at the place in the file specified by  the  linenumber.  If
linenumber  is  unspecified,  the  deleted line will be place at
line one, the first line of the file you  are  editing.  In  the
following  example,  line  one  is  accidently  deleted and then
undeleted to get it back.  Note that if you  delete a  block  of
lines,  as  in  D1,10 , the only line available to UNDELETE will
be line ten.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> D1
        EDIT> UN1
 
VERBOSE
 
Command:        VERBOSE
 
The VERBOSE command is the same as SET VERBOSE.  It  will  cause
commands  such  as  REPLACE  and  PLACE  to  resume printing the
results of what they did to the file being edited.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> VERBOSE
VTEDIT
 
Command:        VTEDIT
Abbreviation:   V
 
The VTEDIT command calls the screen editor.
 
XCHANGE
 
Command:        XCHANGE
Syntax:         XCHANGE [low_limit[,high_limit]]
Abbreviation:   X
 
The XCHANGE command is like the PLACE  command  except  that  it
replaces the text with the new text.  The replacement is made by
position within the line(s) specified.
 
Example:
 
        EDIT> L1,2
             1 )12345abcdef
             2 )xxxxxxxxxxx
        EDIT> X1,2
             1 )12345abcdef
        Replace>$$$
             1 )$$$45abcdef
             2 )$$$xxxxxxxx
        EDIT>
 
XLATE
 
Command:        XLATE
 
The XLATE command is the same as SET TAB EXPANDED and  SET  CASE
UPPER, except that it is toggled.  When ON, tabs that are on any
further lines to be inserted are expanded to spaces,  and  lower
case  letters  are  converted  to  upper  case.  Note  that this
applies only to the  INSERT  and  ADD  commands.  To  completely
convert  a  file  to upper case without tabs, include on the VMS
command line the /XL switch, as in TED IBM.DAT/XL.
