

            














          |                     SSSoooffftttwwwaaarrreee TTToooooolllsss SSSuuubbbsssyyysssttteeemmm
                                    RRReeefffeeerrreeennnccceee MMMaaannnuuuaaalll












                                      T. Allen Akin
                                  Terrell L. Countryman
                                     Perry B. Flinn
                                 Daniel H. Forsyth, Jr.
          |                          Jefferey S. Lee
          |                          Roy J. Mongiovi
          |                         Arnold D. Robbins
                                      Peter N. Wan












                       School of Information and Computer Science
                             Georgia Institute of Technology
                                 Atlanta, Georgia  30332

          |                          September, 1984







            




            















          |      The  documentation contained herein pertains to Version 9 of
          | the SSSoooffftttwwwaaarrreee TTToooooolllsss SSSuuubbbsssyyysssttteeemmm as implemented on the Prime 400 com-
            puter system at the School of Information and Computer Science of
            the Georgia Institute of Technology.  While it is  believed  that
            the  contents  are  completely  accurate, neither the school, the
            institute, nor the authors assume any  liability  resulting  from
            inaccuracies  herein or from the use of this documentation or the
            Subsystem.













                 The text before you was prepared using  the  Software  Tools
            text  editor,  'se', and text formatter, 'fmt', both with Georgia
          | Tech extensions.





















             Copyright (c) 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984 Georgia Institute of Technology 




            








                        SSSoooffftttwwwaaarrreee TTToooooolllsss SSSuuubbbsssyyysssttteeemmm RRReeefffeeerrreeennnccceee MMMaaannnuuuaaalll




                 This manual is intended to serve  as  a  reference  for  the
            manager  of  the  Software Tools Subsystem and for users desiring
            more detailed knowledge of the workings of the Subsystem.  It  is
            divided into six sections:


            Section 1:     Commands
                           Descriptions of available commands.

            Section 2:     Library Subprograms
                           Descriptions of Subsystem library routines.

            Section 3:     Locally-Supported Commands
          |                Descriptions  of  commands  in  the  local command
          |                directory.

            Section 4:     Locally-Supported Library Subprograms
                           Descriptions   of   locally-supported   subprogram
                           libraries.

            Section 5:     Low Level Support Commands
                           Descriptions  of  low  level  commands,  which are
                           invoked by other commands.  These commands  should
                           not  be directly executed by the user under normal
                           circumstances.

            Section 6:     Low Level Library Subprograms
                           Descriptions of low level subprograms,  which  are
                           invoked  by  other  subprograms.   These  routines
                           should not be called by the user under normal cir-
                           cumstances.




                 The reader who wishes further discussion  of  how  the  Sub-
            system  may be used effectively is referred to the _S_o_f_t_w_a_r_e _T_o_o_l_s
            _S_u_b_s_y_s_t_e_m _U_s_e_r_'_s _G_u_i_d_e.









                                         - iii -                             




            


                                     KKKeeeyyy tttooo NNNoootttaaatttiiiooonnn



          | Throughout this manual, (in Sections 1 and 3 in particular,)  the
            syntax  of  commands  is  described  through  the  use of various
            'meta-symbols'.  These symbols  comprise  a  system  of  notation
            commonly  known  as  'Backus-Naur  Form',  or  simply  BNF.  What
            follows is a brief description of the BNF that is  used  in  this
            documentation.

                 <>   A  word  or  phrase  enclosed  in  left and right angle
                      brackets stands for  any  string  of  characters  whose
          |           meaning  is  either  suggested by the word or phrase so
          |           enclosed or explicitly defined  later  in  the  syntax.
                      For example, "<number>" might stand for "127" or "3" or
                      "98.6".   Words  or  phrases enclosed in these brackets
                      are called 'meta-linguistic variables'.

                 ::=  This symbol means "is defined as" and  it  is  used  to
                      separate    a   meta-linguistic   variable   from   its
          |           definition.  For example,

                                <number> ::= <integer>

          |           would be read "a number  is  defined  as  an  integer."
                      Everything  to  the  right  of  the  "::="  is called a
                      'meta-linguistic formula'.

                 |    The vertical bar means "or" and  is  used  to  separate
                      alternatives  within  a  meta-linguistic  formula.  For
          |           example,

                                <number> ::= <integer> | <real>

          |           would be read "a number is defined as an integer  or  a
                      real."

                 ()   Parentheses  are  used  to  enclose  a series of alter-
                      natives in a formula when the series comprises only one
          |           part of the formula.  For example,

                                <signed_number> ::= (+|-)<number>

          |           would be read "a signed number is  defined  as  a  plus
                      sign or a minus sign, followed by a number."

                 []   Formulae (or parts thereof) that are enclosed in square
          |           brackets are optional.  For example,

                                <command> ::= <filename> [<parameters>]

          |           would  be  read  "a  command  is defined as a filename,
                      optionally followed by parameters."




                                         - iv -                              




            


                 {}   Formulae that are  enclosed  in  curly  braces  may  be
                      repeated  any  number  of  times,  including zero.  For
          |           example,

                                <integer> ::= <digit>{<digit>}

          |           would be  read  "an  integer  is  defined  as  a  digit
                      followed by zero or more digits."

            In  situations  where  the  syntax requires that one of the above
            meta-symbols  appear  literally,  the  symbol  is   enclosed   in
          | apostrophes.  For example, in

                      <vertical_bar> ::= '|'

          | the  vertical  bar  on  the  right  hand side is interpreted as a
            literal character, not as an "or" symbol.









































                                          - v -                              




            


                                    ___TTT___AAA___BBB___LLL___EEE ___OOO___FFF ___CCC___OOO___NNN___TTT___EEE___NNN___TTT___SSS



            SSSeeeccctttiiiooonnn 111 --- CCCooommmmmmaaannndddsss

            alarm          digital alarm clock for CRTs
            ar             archive file maintainer
            arg            print command file arguments
            args           print command file arguments
            argsto         print command file arguments
            banner         convert text to banner size
            basename       select part of a pathname
            batch          interface to Primos batch subsystem
            bye            log out from the Subsystem
            case           case statement for shell files
            cat            concatenate and print files
            cc             compile a C program
            ccl            compile and load a C program
            cd             change home directory
            cdmlc          interface to Prime DBMS Cobol DML preprocessor
            cdmlcl         compile and load a Cobol DML program
            change         look for a pattern and change it
            chat           change file attributes
            clear          clear terminal screen
            clock          digital time-of-day clock for CRTs
            cmp            string comparison
            cn             change file names
            cobc           interface to Primos Cobol compiler
            cobcl          compile and load a Cobol program
            col            convert input to multi-column output
            common         print lines common to two sorted files
            como           divert command output stream
            compile        compile and load mixed language programs
            copy           copy standard input to standard output
            copyout        copy user's terminal session to printer
            cp             generalized file copier
            crypt          exclusive-or encryption and decryption
            cset           list information about the ASCII character set
            csubc          interface to Prime DBMS Cobol subschema compiler
            ctime          print accumulated cpu time
            cto            copy STDIN to STDOUT up to a sentinel
            date           print date
            day            day of week
            dbg            invoke the Primos source level debugger (DBG)
            ddlc           interface to Prime DBMS schema compiler
            declare        create shell variables
            declared       test for declared variables
            define         define expander
            del            delete files
            detab          convert tabs to multiple spaces
            diff           isolate differences between two files
            dnum           generate or interpret legal disk numbers
            drop           drop characters from a string (APL-style)
            dump           dump various internal data bases
            e              invoke proper editor for current terminal


                                         - vi -                              




            Table of Contents                                       Section 1


            echo           echo arguments
            ed             Software Tools text editor (extended)
            ek             select erase and kill characters
            elif           else-if construct for Shell programs
            else           introduce else-part of a conditional
            entab          convert multiple blanks to tabs
            error          output error message, return error code
            esac           mark the end of a case statment
            eval           evaluate arithmetic expressions
            exit           terminate execution of command files
            f77c           interface to Primos Fortran 77 compiler
            f77cl          compile and load a Fortran 77 program
            fc             interface to Primos Fortran compiler
            fcl            compile and load a Fortran 66 program
            fdmlc          interface to Prime DBMS Fortran DML preprocessor
            fdmlcl         compile and load a Fortran DML program
            fdmp           produce formatted dump of a disk file
            ffind          look for a string (kmp style)
            fi             terminate conditional statement
            field          manipulate field-oriented data
            file           test information about a file
            files          list file names matching a pattern
            find           look for a pattern
            fmt            text formatter
            forget         destroy shell variables
            fos            format, overstrike, and spool a document
            fsize          size any file system structure
            fsubc          interface to Prime DBMS Fortran subschema compiler
            goto           command file flow-of-control statement
            group          test or list a users group identities
            gtod           get time of day
            guide          Software Tools Subsystem User's Guides
            hd             summarize available disk space
            help           provide help for users in need
            hist           manipulate the subsystem history mechanism
            history        Software Tools Subsystem historian
            hp             Reverse Polish Notation calculator
            if             conditional statement for Shell files
            include        expand include statements
            index          find index of a character in a string
            installation   print Subsystem installation name
            iota           generate vector of integers
            isph           see if process is a phantom
            join           replace newlines with an arbitrary string
            kwic           produce key-word-in-context index
            lacl           List ACL information about a file system object
            lam            laminate lines from separate files
            ld             interface with the Primos loader
            length         compute length of strings
            lf             list files
            line           print user's process id
            link           build Ratfor linkage declaration
            locate         locate subsystem source code 
            log            make an entry in a personal log
            login_name     print user's login name
            lorder         order libraries for one-pass loading


                                         - vii -                             




            Table of Contents                                       Section 1


            lps            line printer status monitor
            macro          macro language from Software Tools
            mail           send or receive mail
            mkdir          make a directory
            mklib          convert binary relocatable to a library
            mktree         convert pathname to treename
            mt             magnetic tape interface
            nargs          print number of command file arguments
            news           news service for Subsystem users
            os             convert backspaces to line printer overstrikes
            out            specify default alternative in a case statement
            pause          suspend command interpretation
            pc             interface to Primos Pascal compiler
            pcl            compile and load a Pascal program
            pg             list a file in paginated form
            ph             execute subsystem commands in the background
            phist          print Subsystem history
            plgc           interface to Primos PL/I subset G compiler
            plgcl          compile and load a PL/I subset G program
            plpc           interface to Primos PL/P compiler
            plpcl          compile and load a PL/P program
            pmac           interface to Primos assembler
            pmacl          assemble and load a PMA program
            pr             print files on the line printer
            primos         push a new Primos command interpreter
            print          print files
            profile        print execution profile
            publish        publish a news article
            pword          change login password
            quota          read and set disk record quota limits
            quote          enquote strings from standard input
            radix          change radix of numbers
            rdatt          list the attributes of a relation
            rdavg          compute the average value of an attribute
            rdcat          concatenate two identical relations
            rdcount        count the number of rows in a relation
            rddiff         take the difference of two relations
            rddiv          perform the division of two relations
            rdextr         extract relation data from a relation
            rdint          intersect two identical relations
            rdjoin         join two relations
            rdmake         make a relation from data file
            rdmax          find the maximum value of a specified attribute
            rdmin          find the minimum value of a specified attribute
            rdnat          perform the natural join of two relations
            rdprint        print a relation or relation descriptor
            rdproj         project a relation
            rdsel          select tuples of a relation
            rdsort         sort a relation
            rdsum          sum the values of an attribute
            rduniq         remove duplicate tuples from a relation
            repeat         loop control structure for Shell files
            retract        retract a news article
            rfc            command file to rp and fc a Ratfor program
            rfl            command file to rp, fc, and ld a Ratfor program
            rnd            generate random numbers


                                        - viii -                             




            Table of Contents                                       Section 1


            rot            rotate or reverse strings from STDIN to STDOUT
            rp             extended Ratfor preprocessor
            sacl           set ACL attributes on an object
            save           save shell variables
            se             screen-oriented text editor
            sema           manipulate user semaphores
            sep            separate compilation facility for Ratfor programs
            set            assign values to shell variables
            sh             Subsystem Command Interpreter (Shell)
            shtrace        trace activity in command interpreter
            slice          slice out a chunk of a file
            sort           sort ASCII-encoded records
            source         print source for a command or subroutine
            sp             line printer spooler
            speling        detect spelling errors
            spell          check for possible spelling errors
            splc           interface to Primos SPL compiler
            splcl          compile and load a SPL program
            ssr            set search rule
            stacc          recursive descent parser generator
            stats          print statistical measures
            stop           exit from subsystem
            st_profile     statement-level profile
            subscribe      subscribe to the Subsystem news service
            substr         take a substring of a string
            systat         check on Subsystem status directories
            tail           print last n lines from standard input
            take           take characters from a string (APL style)
            tc             text counter (characters, words, lines, pages) 
            tee            tee fitting for pipelines
            template       manipulate and display templates
            term           select individual terminal parameters
            term_type      print user's terminal type
            then           introduce the then-part of a conditional
            time           print time-of-day
            tip            check if terminal input is pending
            tlit           transliterate characters
            to             send messages to a logged-in user
            touch          set file date/time modification fields
            tsort          topological sort
            ucc            compile and load a C program (Unix-style)
            uniq           eliminate successive identical lines
            unrot          'un-rotate' output produced by kwic
            until          terminate a loop statement
            us             list users of the Prime
            usage          print summary of command syntax
            vars           print, save, or restore shell variables
            vcg            Prime V-mode code generator
            vcgdump        display 'vcg' input files
            vpsd           Subsystem interlude to SEG's vpsd
            when           flag alternative in a case statement
            whereis        find the location of a terminal
            which          search _search_rule for a command
            whois          find the user associated with a login name
            x              execute Primos commands
            xcc            compile a C program with Prime compiler


                                         - ix -                              




            Table of Contents                                       Section 1


            xccl           compile and load a Prime C program
            xref           Ratfor cross reference generator
            yesno          selective filter with user decision


            SSSeeeccctttiiiooonnn 222 --- LLLiiibbbrrraaarrryyy SSSuuubbbppprrrooogggrrraaammmsss

            acos$m         calculate inverse cosine
            addset         put character in a set if it fits
            amatch         look for pattern match at specific location
            asin$m         calculate inverse sine
            atan$m         calculate inverse tangent
            atoc           convert an address to a string
            cant           print cant open file message
            catsub         add replacement text to end of string
            chkarg         parse single-letter arguments
            chkinp         check for terminal input availability
            chkstr         check a string for printable characters
            close          close out an open file
            cos$m          calculate cosine
            cosh$m         calculate hyperbolic cosine
            cot$m          calculate cotangent
            create         create a new file and open it
            ctoa           convert character to address
            ctoc           convert EOS-terminated string to EOS-terminated string
            ctod           convert string to double precision real
            ctoi           convert ascii string to integer
            ctol           convert ascii string to long integer
            ctomn          translate ASCII control character to mnemonic
            ctop           convert EOS-terminated string to packed string
            ctor           character to real conversion
            ctov           convert EOS-terminated string to varying string
            dacs$m         calculate double precision inverse cosine
            dasn$m         calculate double precision inverse sine
            date           return time, date and other system information
            datn$m         calculate double precision inverse tangent
            dble$m         create a longreal from a longint
            dcos$m         calculate double precision cosine
            dcot$m         calculate double precision cotangent
            dcsh$m         calculate double precision hyperbolic cosine
            decode         perform formatted conversion from character
            delarg         delete a command line argument
            delete         remove a symbol from a symbol table
            dexp$m         calculate double precision exponential to the base e
            dint$m         get integer part of an longreal
            dint$p         get integer part of a longreal (PMA only)
            dln$m          calculate double precision logarithm to the base e
            dlog$m         calculate double precision logarithm to the base 10
            dodash         expand subrange of a set of characters
            dsdump         produce semi-readable dump of storage
            dsfree         free a block of dynamic storage
            dsget          obtain a block of dynamic storage
            dsin$m         calculate double precision sine
            dsinit         initialize dynamic storage space
            dsnh$m         calculate double precision hyperbolic sine
            dsqt$m         calculate double precision square root


                                          - x -                              




            Table of Contents                                       Section 2


            dtan$m         calculate double precision tangent
            dtnh$m         calculate double precision hyperbolic tangent
            dtoc           convert double precision value to ASCII string
            edit           invoke the line-oriented text editor
            encode         formatted memory-to-memory conversion routine
            enter          place symbol in symbol table
            equal          compare two strings for equality
            err$m          common error condition handler for math routines
            error          print fatal error message, then die
            esc            map substring into escaped character if appropriate
            exec           execute pathname
            execn          execute program named by a quoted string
            exp$m          calculate exponential to the base e
            expand         convert a template into an EOS-terminated string
            fcopy          copy one file to another
            filcpy         copy a file and its attributes
            file$p         connect Pascal file variables to Subsystem files
            filset         expand character set, stop at delimiter
            filtst         perform existence and size tests on a file
            follow         path name follower
            gctoi          generalized character to integer conversion
            gctol          generalized character to long integer conversion
            geta$f         fetch arguments for a Fortran program
            geta$p         fetch arguments for a Pascal program
            geta$plg       fetch arguments for a PL/I G program
            getarg         fetch command line arguments
            getccl         expand character class into pattern
            getch          get a character from a file
            getkwd         look for keyword/value arguments
            getlin         read one line from a file
            getto          get to the last file in a pathname
            getvdn         return name of file in user's variables directory
            getwrd         get a word from a line buffer
            gfdata         get information about file characteristics
            gfnarg         get next file name argument from argument list
            gitoc          convert single precision integer to any radix string
            gklarg         parse a single key-letter argument
            gltoc          convert double precision integer to any radix string
            gtattr         get a user's terminal attributes
            gtemp          parse a template into name and definition
            gttype         return the user's terminal type
            gvlarg         obtain the value of a key-letter argument
            index          find index of a character in a string
            init$f         force Fortran i/o to recognize the Subsystem
            init$p         force Pascal i/o to recognize the Subsystem
            init$plg       force PL/I G i/o to recognize the Subsystem
            init           initialize a Subsystem program
            input          easy to use semi-formatted input routine
            isadsk         test if a file is a disk file
            isatty         test if a file is connected to a terminal
            isnull         see if a file is connected to the bit bucket
            isph$          determine if the caller is a phantom
            itoc           convert integer to character string
            jdate          take month, day, and year and return day-of-year
            length         find length of a string
            ln$m           calculate logarithm to the base e


                                         - xi -                              




            Table of Contents                                       Section 2


            locate         look for character in character class
            log$m          calculate logarithm to the base 10
            lookup         retrieve information from a symbol table
            ltoc           convert long integer to character string
            makpat         make pattern, terminate at delimiter
            maksub         make substitution string
            mapdn          fold character to lower case
            mapfd          convert fd to Primos funit
            mapstr         map case of a string
            mapsu          map standard unit to file descriptor
            mapup          fold character to upper case
            markf          get the current position of a file
            match          match pattern anywhere on a line
            mktabl         make a symbol table
            mktemp         create a temporary file
            mntoc          convert ASCII mnemonic to character
            move$          move blocks of memory around quickly
            omatch         try to match a single pattern element
            open           open a file
            page           display file in paginated form
            parscl         parse command line arguments
            parsdt         parse a date in mm/dd/yy format
            parstm         convert time-of-day to seconds past midnight
            patsiz         return size of pattern entry
            powr$m         calculate a longreal raised to a longreal power
            print          easy to use semi-formatted print routine
            ptoc           convert packed string to EOS-terminated string
            ptov           convert packed string to PL/I varying string
            putch          put a character on a file
            putdec         write decimal integer to a file
            putlin         put a line on a file
            putlit         write literal string on a file
            rand$m         generate a random number
            readf          read raw words from a file
            remark         print diagnostic message
            remove         remove a file, return status
            rewind         rewind a file
            rmtabl         remove a symbol table
            rmtemp         remove a temporary file
            rtoc           convert real value to ASCII string
            scopy          copy one string to another
            sctabl         scan all symbols in a symbol table
            sdrop          drop characters from a string APL-style
            seed$m         set the seed for the rand$m random number generator
            seekf          position a file to a designated word
            seterr         set Subsystem error return code
            sfdata         set characteristics for a file
            shell          run the Subsystem command interpreter
            sin$m          calculate sine
            sinh$m         calculate hyperbolic sine
            sqrt$m         calculate square root
            stake          take characters from a string APL-style
            stclos         insert closure entry in pattern
            strbsr         perform a binary search of a string table
            strcmp         compare strings and return 1 2 or 3 for < = or >
            strim          trim trailing blanks and tabs from a string


                                         - xii -                             




            Table of Contents                                       Section 2


            strlsr         perform a linear search of a string table
            substr         take a substring from a string
            subsys         call the Subsystem command interpreter
            svdel          delete a shell variable at the current level
            svdump         dump the contents of the shell variable common
            svget          return the value of a shell variable
            svlevl         return the current shell variable lexic level
            svmake         create a shell variable at the current lexic level
            svput          set the value of a shell variable
            svrest         restore shell variables from a file
            svsave         save shell variables in a file
            svscan         scan a user's list of shell variables
            swt            return to Software Tools Subsystem
            sys$$          pass a command to the Primos shell
            tan$m          calculate tangent
            tanh$m         calculate hyperbolic tangent
            tquit$         check for pending terminal interrupt
            trunc          truncate a file
            type           return type of character
            vfyusr         validate username
            vtbaud         set vth's concept of the terminal speed
            vtclr          clear a rectangle on the screen
            vtdlin         delete lines on the user's terminal screen
            vtenb          enable input on a particular screen line
            vtgetl         get a line from the VTH screen
            vtilin         insert lines on the user's terminal screen
            vtinfo         return VTH common block information
            vtinit         initialize terminal characteristics
            vtmove         move the user's cursor to row, col
            vtmsg          display a message in the status line
            vtoc           convert PL/I varying string to EOS-terminated string
            vtop           convert PL/I varying string to packed string
            vtopt          set options for the virtual terminal handler
            vtpad          pad the rest of a field with blanks
            vtprt          place formatted strings into screen buffers
            vtputl         put line into terminal screen buffer
            vtread         read characters from a user's terminal
            vtstop         reset a user's terminal attributes
            vtterm         read terminal characteristics file
            vtupd          update the terminal screen with VTH screen
            wind           position to end of file
            wkday          get day-of-week corresponding to month, day, year
            writef         write raw words to file


            SSSeeeccctttiiiooonnn 333 --- LLLooocccaaallllllyyy---SSSuuuppppppooorrrttteeeddd CCCooommmmmmaaannndddsss

            ap             Generate Object Tape for A & P M6800 Monitor
            as11           PDP-11 cross assembler
            as6800         Motorola 6800 cross-assembler
            as8080         Intel 8080 cross-assembler
            basys          basic computer system simulator
            bind           interface with the Primos EPF loader
            block          convert text to block letters
            broadcast      send a Primos message to a user on all machines
            bug            report a bug with system software


                                        - xiii -                             




            Table of Contents                                       Section 3


            cal            print a calendar on standard output
            chown          change directory ownership
            cron           time driven command processor
            des            NBS Data Encryption Standard Implementation
            dmach          Burroughs D-machine simulator
            dprint         optimize printing on a Diablo
            execute        execute a SWT command on another machine
            fixp           file translation and parity set program
            focld          send FOCAL-GT/RT programs to the GT40
            imi            generate IMI prom programmer down-line load stream
            intel          generate Intel format object tape
            kill           log out a user
            last           print last n lines of a file
            lfo            list files opened for a specified user
            lib            concatenate cross-assembler object files
            lk             link cross-assembler object files
            lz             post process 'fmt' output for laser printer
            memo           automated memo and reminder system
            mkclist        create a list of commands for backstop
            mon            system status monitor
            moot           teleconference manager
            mot            generate Motorola format object tape
            mv             move a file from one place to another
            nodes          print network nodes
            ns             print out network status
            nstat          remote node status command
            otd            object text dumper
            p4c            Pascal 4 Compiler
            p4cl           compile and load Pascal 4 program
            passwd         change directory non-owner password
            phone          find someone's telephone number
            ptar           decode Unix tar format tapes
            pwd            print working directory name
            raid           examine bug reports
            rcl            command file to rf, fc and ld a program
            rf             original Ratfor preprocessor
            rsa            toy RSA public-key cryptosystem
            rtime          determine run-time of a command
            scroll         load scrolling terminal program on the GT40
            setime         set time of day/date on all systems running ring
            shar           put text files into a 'shell archive'
            show           print a file showing control characters
            size           calculate size of cross-assembler object code
            sol            play a friendly game of solitaire
            sprint         optimize printing on a Spinwriter
            symbols        print cross-assembly symbol table
            terminate      terminate currently executing 'ring' process
            translang      D-Machine microprogram translator
            ts             time sheet for hourly employees
            unoct          convert UNIX 'od' output to binary
            wallclock      tell the time in a big way
            who            find out who's on the system and where they are






                                         - xiv -                             




            Table of Contents                                       Section 3


            SSSeeeccctttiiiooonnn 444 --- LLLooocccaaallllllyyy---SSSuuuppppppooorrrttteeeddd LLLiiibbbrrraaarrryyy SSSuuubbbppprrrooogggrrraaammmsss

            abq$xs         add an element to the bottom of a queue
            atq$xs         add an element to the top of a queue
            gcd            determine greatest common divisor of two integers
            get$xs         get a character (byte) from an array
            gky$xs         get current cpu keys
            invmod         find inverse of an integer modulo another integer
            lsallo         allocate space for a linked string
            lscmpk         compare linked string with contiguous string
            lscomp         compare two linked strings
            lscopy         copy linked string
            lscut          divide a linked string into two linked strings
            lsdel          delete characters from a linked string
            lsdrop         drop characters from a linked string
            lsdump         dump linked string space for debugging
            lsextr         extract contiguous string from linked string
            lsfree         free linked string space
            lsgetc         get character from linked string
            lsgetf         read an arbitrarily long linked string
            lsinit         initialize linked string space
            lsins          insert in linked string
            lsjoin         join two linked strings
            lslen          compute length of linked string
            lsmake         convert contiguous string to linked string
            lspos          find position in linked string
            lsputc         put character into a linked string
            lsputf         write an arbitrarily long linked string
            lssubs         take a substring of a linked string
            lstake         take characters from a linked string
            mkq$xs         initialize a hardware defined queue
            pek$xs         look at a location in memory
            pok$xs         change a location in memory
            prime          retrieve the 'i'th prime number
            put$xs         put a character (byte) into an array
            pwrmod         calculate an exponential modulo a given modulus
            rbq$xs         remove an element from the bottom of a queue
            rdy$xs         see if character waiting, and if so, fetch it
            rtq$xs         remove an element from the top of a queue
            s1c$xs         protected single-word store operation
            s2c$xs         protected double-word store operation
            set_copy       make a copy of one set in another
            set_create     generate a new, initially empty set
            set_delete     remove given element from a set
            set_element    see if a given element is in a set
            set_equal      return TRUE if two sets contain the same members
            set_init       cause a set to be empty
            set_insert     place given element in a set
            set_intersect  place intersection of two sets in a third
            set_remove     remove a set that is no longer needed
            set_subset     return TRUE if set1 is a subset of set2
            set_subtract   place difference of two sets in a third
            set_union      place union of two sets in a third
            sky$xs         set current cpu keys
            stk$xs         set/read stack extension pointer
            tsq$xs         return the number of entries in a queue


                                         - xv -                              




            Table of Contents                                       Section 4


            SSSeeeccctttiiiooonnn 555 --- LLLooowww LLLeeevvveeelll SSSuuuppppppooorrrttt CCCooommmmmmaaannndddsss

            bmerge         merge object code files into one file
            bnames         print entry point names in object files
            brefs          print caller-callee pairs in an object file
            bs             shell backstop program
            bs1            shell backstop program
            bugfm          format a bug report
            bugn           process the highest bug number
            c1             C compiler front end
            cck1           First phase of C program checker
            cck2           Second phase of C program checker
            csv            convert shell variables to new format
            cvusr          convert pre-Version 9 user list to Version 9 format
            guess          try to guess what command the user means
            mkcl           generate a command list file for guess
            ring           network communication server
            snplnk         snap shared library dynamic links
            sph            system phantom processor


            SSSeeeccctttiiiooonnn 666 --- LLLooowww LLLeeevvveeelll SSSuuuppppppooorrrttt LLLiiibbbrrraaarrryyy SSSuuubbbppprrrooogggrrraaammmsss

            at$swt         Subsystem interlude to Primos ATCH$$
            bponu$         on-unit for BAD_PASSWORD$ condition
            c$end          clean up after statement count run
            c$incr         increment count for a given statement
            c$init         initialize for a statement count run
            call$$         call a P300, SEG, or EPF runfile
            chunk$         read one chunk of a SEG runfile
            cof$           close files opened by the last user program
            cpfil$         copy one open file to another
            cpseg$         copy one open segment directory to another
            dgetl$         get a line from a disk file
            dmark$         return the position of a disk file
            dmpcm$         dump Subsystem common areas
            dmpfd$         dump the contents of a file descriptor
            dopen$         open a disk file
            dputl$         put a line on a disk file
            dread$         read raw words from disk
            dsdbiu         dump contents of dynamic storage block
            dseek$         seek on a disk device
            dwrit$         write raw characters to disk
            findf$         see if file exists in current directory
            finfo$         return directory information about a file
            first$         check for first call
            flush$         flush out a file's buffer
            gcdir$         get current directory pathname
            gcifu$         return the current value of the command unit
            getfd$         look for an empty file descriptor
            gfnam$         get the pathname for an open file
            gtacl$         get acl protection into ACL common block
            icomn$         initialize Subsystem common areas
            iofl$          initialize open file list
            ioinit         initialize Subsystem I/O areas
            ldseg$         load a SEG runfile into memory 


                                         - xvi -                             




            Table of Contents                                       Section 6


            ldtmp$         load the per-user template area
            lookac         look up a name in the ACL common block
            lopen$         open a disk file in the spool queue
            lutemp         look up a template in the template directory
            mkdir$         create a directory
            mkfd$          make a file descriptor from a Primos funit
            mkpa$          convert a treename into a pathname
            mkpacl         encode ACL information into a Primos structure
            mksacl         encode ACL information into a SWT structure
            mktr$          convert a pathname into a treename
            parsa$         parse ACL changes in the common block
            pg$brk         catch a break for the page subroutine
            reonu$         on-unit for the REENTER$ condition
            rmfil$         remove a file, return status
            rmseg$         remove a segment directory
            rtn$$          return to stack frame of call$$
            sprot$         set protection attributes for a file
            st$lu          internal symbol table lookup
            szfil$         size an open Primos file descriptor
            szseg$         size an open Primos segment directory
            t$clup         profiling routine called on program exit
            t$entr         profiling routine called on subprogram entry
            t$exit         profiling routine called on subprogram exit
            t$init         initialize for a subroutine trace run
            t$time         obtain clock readings for profiling
            t$trac         trace routine for Ratfor programs
            tcook$         read and cook a line from the terminal
            tgetl$         read a line from the terminal
            tmark$         return the current position of a terminal file
            tputl$         put a line on the terminal
            tread$         read raw words from the terminal
            tscan$         traverse subtree of the file system
            tseek$         seek on a terminal device
            ttyp$f         obtain the user's terminal type
            ttyp$l         list the available terminal types
            ttyp$q         query for the terminal type from the user
            ttyp$r         return the terminal type from the common area
            ttyp$v         set terminal attributes
            twrit$         write raw words to terminal
            upkfn$         unpack a Primos file name; escape slashes
            vt$alc         allocate another VTH definition table
            vt$cel         send a clear to end-of-line sequence
            vt$clr         send clear screen sequence
            vt$db          dump terminal characteristics
            vt$db1         print mnemonics for special characters
            vt$db2         dump terminal input tables
            vt$db3         dump macro definition table
            vt$def         accept a macro definition from the user
            vt$del         delay the terminal with nulls
            vt$dln         send a delete line sequence
            vt$dsw         perform garbage collection on DFA tables
            vt$err         display a VTH error message
            vt$get         get and edit a single line from input
            vt$gsq         get a delimited sequence of characters
            vt$idf         invoke user-defined key definition
            vt$ier         report error in VTH initialization file


                                        - xvii -                             




            Table of Contents                                       Section 6


            vt$iln         send an insert line sequence
            vt$ndf         remove VTH macro definition
            vt$out         output a character onto the screen
            vt$pos         position the cursor to row, col
            vt$put         copy string into terminal buffer
            vt$rdf         remove macro definition of a DFA entry
            vt$rel         position relatively to row, col
            zmem$          clear an uninitialized part of a segment


















































                                        - xviii -                            




            







                                     PPPeeerrrmmmuuuttteeeddd IIInnndddeeexxx



                 This section of the Manual  contains  a  key-word-in-context
            index  produced from the headers of sections 1 through 6 with the
            commands 'kwic', 'sort', and 'unrot'.

                 Each line begins with the name of a command  or  subroutine,
            followed by the (parenthesized) number of the section in which it
            is documented.  The lines are duplicated and rotated so that each
            keyword  in  the  line appears to the right of the vertical white
            space that runs down the center of the page.








































                                         - xix -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


            (3): Generate Object Tape for A  & P M6800 Monitor...ap            
            precision logarithm to the base  10...dlog$m (2): calculate double 
            calculate logarithm to the base  10...log$m (2):                   
            (1): compile and load a Fortran  66 program...fcl                  
                       as6800 (3): Motorola  6800 cross-assembler              
                interface to Primos Fortran  77 compiler...f77c (1):           
            (1): compile and load a Fortran  77 program...f77cl                
                          as8080 (3): Intel  8080 cross-assembler              
             lacl (1): List ACL information  about a file system object        
                 file (1): test information  about a file                      
               return directory information  about a file...finfo$ (6):        
                gfdata (2): get information  about file characteristics        
                 cset (1): list information  about the ASCII character set     
                       bottom of a queue...  abq$xs (4): add an element to the 
                         user...vt$def (6):  accept a macro definition from the
                           ctime (1): print  accumulated cpu time              
                              sacl (1): set  ACL attributes on an object       
                          parsa$ (6): parse  ACL changes in the common block   
               (6): get acl protection into  ACL common block...gtacl$         
                 (6): look up a name in the  ACL common block...lookac         
             system object...lacl (1): List  ACL information about a file      
             structure...mkpacl (6): encode  ACL information into a Primos     
             structure...mksacl (6): encode  ACL information into a SWT        
                    block...gtacl$ (6): get  acl protection into ACL common    
                                  cosine...  acos$m (2): calculate inverse     
                         shtrace (1): trace  activity in command interpreter   
                        queue...abq$xs (4):  add an element to the bottom of a 
                        queue...atq$xs (4):  add an element to the top of a    
                       string...catsub (2):  add replacement text to end of    
                       atoc (2): convert an  address to a string               
             ctoa (2): convert character to  address                           
                              if it fits...  addset (2): put character in a set
                        c$end (6): clean up  after statement count run         
                                    CRTs...  alarm (1): digital alarm clock for
                         alarm (1): digital  alarm clock for CRTs              
                        table...vt$alc (6):  allocate another VTH definition   
                                lsallo (4):  allocate space for a linked string
                   out (1): specify default  alternative in a case statement   
                             when (1): flag  alternative in a case statement   
                    at specific location...  amatch (2): look for pattern match
                       & P M6800 Monitor...  ap (3): Generate Object Tape for A
              take characters from a string  (APL style)...take (1):           
              drop characters from a string  (APL-style)...drop (1):           
              drop characters from a string  APL-style...sdrop (2):            
              take characters from a string  APL-style...stake (2):            
                  into escaped character if  appropriate...esc (2): map substri
                                             ar (1): archive file maintainer   
                        lsgetf (4): read an  arbitrarily long linked string    
                       lsputf (4): write an  arbitrarily long linked string    
              (1): replace newlines with an  arbitrary string...join           
                                    ar (1):  archive file maintainer           
               put text files into a 'shell  archive'...shar (3):              
            (6): load the per-user template  area...ldtmp$                     
                 (6): dump Subsystem common  areas...dmpcm$                    
                initialize Subsystem common  areas...icomn$ (6):               
              (6): initialize Subsystem I/O  areas...ioinit                    


                                         - xx -                              




                                                               Permuted Index


              terminal type from the common  area...ttyp$r (6): return the     
               on the system and where they  are...who (3): find out who's     
                               arguments...  arg (1): print command file       
                               arguments...  args (1): print command file      
                               arguments...  argsto (1): print command file    
             gfnarg (2): get next file name  argument from argument list       
               next file name argument from  argument list...gfnarg (2): get   
                 (2): delete a command line  argument...delarg                 
             (2): parse a single key-letter  argument...gklarg                 
                  the value of a key-letter  argument...gvlarg (2): obtain     
                          geta$f (2): fetch  arguments for a Fortran program   
                          geta$p (2): fetch  arguments for a Pascal program    
                        geta$plg (2): fetch  arguments for a PL/I G program    
                arg (1): print command file  arguments                         
               args (1): print command file  arguments                         
             argsto (1): print command file  arguments                         
            chkarg (2): parse single-letter  arguments                         
                             echo (1): echo  arguments                         
             getarg (2): fetch command line  arguments                         
                (2): look for keyword/value  arguments...getkwd                
               print number of command file  arguments...nargs (1):            
             parscl (2): parse command line  arguments                         
                         eval (1): evaluate  arithmetic expressions            
             get a character (byte) from an  array...get$xs (4):               
             put a character (byte) into an  array...put$xs (4):               
                publish (1): publish a news  article                           
                retract (1): retract a news  article                           
                                             as11 (3): PDP-11 cross assembler  
                         cross-assembler...  as6800 (3): Motorola 6800         
                         cross-assembler...  as8080 (3): Intel 8080            
            (1): list information about the  ASCII character set...cset        
            mnemonic...ctomn (2): translate  ASCII control character to        
                         mntoc (2): convert  ASCII mnemonic to character       
                          ctoi (2): convert  ascii string to integer           
                          ctol (2): convert  ascii string to long integer      
                  double precision value to  ASCII string...dtoc (2): convert  
            rtoc (2): convert real value to  ASCII string                      
                             sort (1): sort  ASCII-encoded records             
                                             asin$m (2): calculate inverse sine
                                 pmacl (1):  assemble and load a PMA program   
                     as11 (3): PDP-11 cross  assembler                         
              pmac (1): interface to Primos  assembler                         
                                   set (1):  assign values to shell variables  
                   whois (1): find the user  associated with a login name      
                                 tangent...  atan$m (2): calculate inverse     
              Subsystem interlude to Primos  ATCH$$...at$swt (6):              
                                  string...  atoc (2): convert an address to a 
                          top of a queue...  atq$xs (4): add an element to the 
                           Primos ATCH$$...  at$swt (6): Subsystem interlude to
            compute the average value of an  attribute...rdavg (1):            
               maximum value of a specified  attribute...rdmax (1): find the   
               minimum value of a specified  attribute...rdmin (1): find the   
            rdsum (1): sum the values of an  attribute                         
                 sprot$ (6): set protection  attributes for a file             
                        rdatt (1): list the  attributes of a relation          
                          sacl (1): set ACL  attributes on an object           


                                         - xxi -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                      chat (1): change file  attributes                        
            filcpy (2): copy a file and its  attributes                        
                 (2): get a user's terminal  attributes...gtattr               
                   ttyp$v (6): set terminal  attributes                        
               (2): reset a user's terminal  attributes...vtstop               
                                  memo (3):  automated memo and reminder system
              (2): check for terminal input  availability...chkinp             
                          hd (1): summarize  available disk space              
                       ttyp$l (6): list the  available terminal types          
                     rdavg (1): compute the  average value of an attribute     
                  subsystem commands in the  background...ph (1): execute      
              overstrikes...os (1): convert  backspaces to line printer        
                              bs (5): shell  backstop program                  
                             bs1 (5): shell  backstop program                  
              create a list of commands for  backstop...mkclist (3):           
                    bponu$ (6): on-unit for  BAD_PASSWORD$ condition           
                                    size...  banner (1): convert text to banner
                banner (1): convert text to  banner size                       
                 precision logarithm to the  base 10...dlog$m (2): calculate do
            (2): calculate logarithm to the  base 10...log$m                   
               precision exponential to the  base e...dexp$m (2): calculate dou
                 precision logarithm to the  base e...dln$m (2): calculate doub
               calculate exponential to the  base e...exp$m (2):               
            (2): calculate logarithm to the  base e...ln$m                     
                                pathname...  basename (1): select part of a    
            (1): dump various internal data  bases...dump                      
                                 basys (3):  basic computer system simulator   
                               simulator...  basys (3): basic computer system  
                         batch subsystem...  batch (1): interface to Primos    
             batch (1): interface to Primos  batch subsystem                   
                    (3): tell the time in a  big way...wallclock               
                         mklib (1): convert  binary relocatable to a library   
                      strbsr (2): perform a  binary search of a string table   
                convert UNIX 'od' output to  binary...unoct (3):               
                       Primos EPF loader...  bind (3): interface with the      
              if a file is connected to the  bit bucket...isnull (2): see      
                   strim (2): trim trailing  blanks and tabs from a string     
                entab (1): convert multiple  blanks to tabs                    
               pad the rest of a field with  blanks...vtpad (2):               
                                 letters...  block (3): convert text to block  
              vtinfo (2): return VTH common  block information                 
                 block (3): convert text to  block letters                     
                         dsfree (2): free a  block of dynamic storage          
                        dsget (2): obtain a  block of dynamic storage          
                contents of dynamic storage  block...dsdbiu (6): dump          
             acl protection into ACL common  block...gtacl$ (6): get           
                up a name in the ACL common  block...lookac (6): look          
            parse ACL changes in the common  block...parsa$ (6):               
                            move$ (2): move  blocks of memory around quickly   
                     files into one file...  bmerge (5): merge object code     
                   names in object files...  bnames (5): print entry point     
                 (4): add an element to the  bottom of a queue...abq$xs        
            (4): remove an element from the  bottom of a queue...rbq$xs        
                 BAD_PASSWORD$ condition...  bponu$ (6): on-unit for           
                        pg$brk (6): catch a  break for the page subroutine     
                 pairs in an object file...  brefs (5): print caller-callee    


                                        - xxii -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


            ge to a user on all machines...  broadcast (3): send a Primos      
                                             bs (5): shell backstop program    
                                             bs1 (5): shell backstop program   
             a file is connected to the bit  bucket...isnull (2): see if       
             flush$ (6): flush out a file's  buffer                            
                (2): get a word from a line  buffer...getwrd                   
              formatted strings into screen  buffers...vtprt (2): place        
             (6): copy string into terminal  buffer...vt$put                   
              put line into terminal screen  buffer...vtputl (2):              
                                software...  bug (3): report a bug with system 
              bugn (5): process the highest  bug number                        
                        bugfm (5): format a  bug report                        
                          raid (3): examine  bug reports                       
                          bug (3): report a  bug with system software          
                                             bugfm (5): format a bug report    
                                  number...  bugn (5): process the highest bug 
                                  link (1):  build Ratfor linkage declaration  
                                 dmach (3):  Burroughs D-machine simulator     
                               Subsystem...  bye (1): log out from the         
                get$xs (4): get a character  (byte) from an array              
                put$xs (4): put a character  (byte) into an array              
                                    c1 (5):  C compiler front end              
                   cck1 (5): First phase of  C program checker                 
                  cck2 (5): Second phase of  C program checker                 
                ucc (1): compile and load a  C program (Unix-style)            
                         xcc (1): compile a  C program with Prime compiler     
                          cc (1): compile a  C program                         
                ccl (1): compile and load a  C program                         
              (1): compile and load a Prime  C program...xccl                  
                                             c1 (5): C compiler front end      
                         standard output...  cal (3): print a calendar on      
               longreal power...powr$m (2):  calculate a longreal raised to a  
                given modulus...pwrmod (4):  calculate an exponential modulo a 
                                 cos$m (2):  calculate cosine                  
                                 cot$m (2):  calculate cotangent               
                                dcos$m (2):  calculate double precision cosine 
                    cotangent...dcot$m (2):  calculate double precision        
            ial to the base e...dexp$m (2):  calculate double precision        
            hyperbolic cosine...dcsh$m (2):  calculate double precision        
              hyperbolic sine...dsnh$m (2):  calculate double precision        
            yperbolic tangent...dtnh$m (2):  calculate double precision        
                       cosine...dacs$m (2):  calculate double precision inverse
                         sine...dasn$m (2):  calculate double precision inverse
                      tangent...datn$m (2):  calculate double precision inverse
            hm to the base 10...dlog$m (2):  calculate double precision        
            ithm to the base e...dln$m (2):  calculate double precision        
                                dsin$m (2):  calculate double precision sine   
                         root...dsqt$m (2):  calculate double precision square 
                                dtan$m (2):  calculate double precision tangent
                             e...exp$m (2):  calculate exponential to the base 
                                cosh$m (2):  calculate hyperbolic cosine       
                                sinh$m (2):  calculate hyperbolic sine         
                                tanh$m (2):  calculate hyperbolic tangent      
                                acos$m (2):  calculate inverse cosine          
                                asin$m (2):  calculate inverse sine            
                                atan$m (2):  calculate inverse tangent         


                                        - xxiii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                                 log$m (2):  calculate logarithm to the base 10
                                  ln$m (2):  calculate logarithm to the base e 
                                 sin$m (2):  calculate sine                    
                    object code...size (3):  calculate size of cross-assembler 
                                sqrt$m (2):  calculate square root             
                                 tan$m (2):  calculate tangent                 
            hp (1): Reverse Polish Notation  calculator                        
                           cal (3): print a  calendar on standard output       
                             EPF runfile...  call$$ (6): call a P300, SEG, or  
                                call$$ (6):  call a P300, SEG, or EPF runfile  
                  interpreter...subsys (2):  call the Subsystem command        
              t$clup (6): profiling routine  called on program exit            
              t$entr (6): profiling routine  called on subprogram entry        
              t$exit (6): profiling routine  called on subprogram exit         
                isph$ (2): determine if the  caller is a phantom               
                    file...brefs (5): print  caller-callee pairs in an object  
                first$ (6): check for first  call                              
              (6): return to stack frame of  call$$...rtn$$                    
                                 message...  cant (2): print cant open file    
                            cant (2): print  cant open file message            
                                   files...  case (1): case statement for shell
                            mapstr (2): map  case of a string                  
                                  case (1):  case statement for shell files    
                   default alternative in a  case statement...out (1): specify 
            when (1): flag alternative in a  case statement                    
                esac (1): mark the end of a  case statment                     
               (2): fold character to lower  case...mapdn                      
               (2): fold character to upper  case...mapup                      
                                   files...  cat (1): concatenate and print    
                   subroutine...pg$brk (6):  catch a break for the page        
                        to end of string...  catsub (2): add replacement text  
                              set_init (4):  cause a set to be empty           
                                             cc (1): compile a C program       
                                 checker...  cck1 (5): First phase of C program
                         program checker...  cck2 (5): Second phase of C       
                                 program...  ccl (1): compile and load a C     
                                             cd (1): change home directory     
                  Cobol DML preprocessor...  cdmlc (1): interface to Prime DBMS
                       Cobol DML program...  cdmlcl (1): compile and load a    
                     statement count run...  c$end (6): clean up after         
                               change it...  change (1): look for a pattern and
                                pok$xs (4):  change a location in memory       
                     password...passwd (3):  change directory non-owner        
                                 chown (3):  change directory ownership        
                                  chat (1):  change file attributes            
                                    cn (1):  change file names                 
                                    cd (1):  change home directory             
                (1): look for a pattern and  change it...change                
                                 pword (1):  change login password             
                                 radix (1):  change radix of numbers           
                      parsa$ (6): parse ACL  changes in the common block       
                          get$xs (4): get a  character (byte) from an array    
                          put$xs (4): put a  character (byte) into an array    
                         getccl (2): expand  character class into pattern      
                 (2): look for character in  character class...locate          
                           getch (2): get a  character from a file             


                                        - xxiv -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                            lsgetc (4): get  character from linked string      
            (2): map substring into escaped  character if appropriate...esc    
                            addset (2): put  character in a set if it fits     
                 index (1): find index of a  character in a string             
                 index (2): find index of a  character in a string             
                       locate (2): look for  character in character class      
                            lsputc (4): put  character into a linked string    
                           putch (2): put a  character on a file               
                       vt$out (6): output a  character onto the screen         
                         filset (2): expand  character set, stop at delimiter  
                information about the ASCII  character set...cset (1): list    
               itoc (2): convert integer to  character string                  
               (2): convert long integer to  character string...ltoc           
                          ctoa (2): convert  character to address              
                     gctoi (2): generalized  character to integer conversion   
            ersion...gctol (2): generalized  character to long integer         
                            mapdn (2): fold  character to lower case           
               (2): translate ASCII control  character to mnemonic...ctomn     
                                  ctor (2):  character to real conversion      
                            mapup (2): fold  character to upper case           
              fetch it...rdy$xs (4): see if  character waiting, and if so,     
                  formatted conversion from  character...decode (2): perform   
                  vtterm (2): read terminal  characteristics file              
                            sfdata (2): set  characteristics for a file        
            (2): get information about file  characteristics...gfdata          
                   vt$db (6): dump terminal  characteristics                   
            vtinit (2): initialize terminal  characteristics                   
             (2): convert ASCII mnemonic to  character...mntoc                 
                          lsdel (4): delete  characters from a linked string   
                           lsdrop (4): drop  characters from a linked string   
                           lstake (4): take  characters from a linked string   
                    style)...take (1): take  characters from a string (APL     
               (APL-style)...drop (1): drop  characters from a string          
                            sdrop (2): drop  characters from a string APL-style
                            stake (2): take  characters from a string APL-style
                           vtread (2): read  characters from a user's terminal 
                      dwrit$ (6): write raw  characters to disk                
                       tc (1): text counter  (characters, words, lines, pages) 
               check a string for printable  characters...chkstr (2):          
                expand subrange of a set of  characters...dodash (2):          
              ek (1): select erase and kill  characters                        
               print a file showing control  characters...show (3):            
                    tlit (1): transliterate  characters                        
                print mnemonics for special  characters...vt$db1 (6):          
                get a delimited sequence of  characters...vt$gsq (6):          
                   type (2): return type of  character                         
                                             chat (1): change file attributes  
                   characters...chkstr (2):  check a string for printable      
                                first$ (6):  check for first call              
                    interrupt...tquit$ (2):  check for pending terminal        
                                 spell (1):  check for possible spelling errors
                 availability...chkinp (2):  check for terminal input          
                                   tip (1):  check if terminal input is pending
                  directories...systat (1):  check on Subsystem status         
              (5): First phase of C program  checker...cck1                    
             (5): Second phase of C program  checker...cck2                    


                                         - xxv -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                               arguments...  chkarg (2): parse single-letter   
                      input availability...  chkinp (2): check for terminal    
                    printable characters...  chkstr (2): check a string for    
                               ownership...  chown (3): change directory       
                             SEG runfile...  chunk$ (6): read one chunk of a   
                     slice (1): slice out a  chunk of a file                   
                       chunk$ (6): read one  chunk of a SEG runfile            
                         given statement...  c$incr (6): increment count for a 
                     statement count run...  c$init (6): initialize for a      
               getccl (2): expand character  class into pattern                
            look for character in character  class...locate (2):               
                                 c$end (6):  clean up after statement count run
                                             clear (1): clear terminal screen  
                                 vtclr (2):  clear a rectangle on the screen   
                       segment...zmem$ (6):  clear an uninitialized part of a  
                           vt$clr (6): send  clear screen sequence             
                                 clear (1):  clear terminal screen             
                         vt$cel (6): send a  clear to end-of-line sequence     
                          clock for CRTs...  clock (1): digital time-of-day    
                   alarm (1): digital alarm  clock for CRTs                    
             clock (1): digital time-of-day  clock for CRTs                    
                         t$time (6): obtain  clock readings for profiling      
                                             close (2): close out an open file 
                   user program...cof$ (6):  close files opened by the last    
                                 close (2):  close out an open file            
                         stclos (2): insert  closure entry in pattern          
                                             cmp (1): string comparison        
                                             cn (1): change file names         
                          Cobol compiler...  cobc (1): interface to Primos     
                           Cobol program...  cobcl (1): compile and load a     
              cobc (1): interface to Primos  Cobol compiler                    
               (1): interface to Prime DBMS  Cobol DML preprocessor...cdmlc    
             cdmlcl (1): compile and load a  Cobol DML program                 
              cobcl (1): compile and load a  Cobol program                     
               (1): interface to Prime DBMS  Cobol subschema compiler...csubc  
                   bmerge (5): merge object  code files into one file          
                      vcg (1): Prime V-mode  code generator                    
               (1): locate subsystem source  code ...locate                    
                error message, return error  code...error (1): output          
            (2): set Subsystem error return  code...seterr                     
             size of cross-assembler object  code...size (3): calculate        
                   the last user program...  cof$ (6): close files opened by   
                     multi-column output...  col (1): convert input to         
                vt$dsw (6): perform garbage  collection on DFA tables          
             move the user's cursor to row,  col...vtmove (2):                 
                position the cursor to row,  col...vt$pos (6):                 
                position relatively to row,  col...vt$rel (6):                 
                             arg (1): print  command file arguments            
                            args (1): print  command file arguments            
                          argsto (1): print  command file arguments            
                 nargs (1): print number of  command file arguments            
                      statement...goto (1):  command file flow-of-control      
                         program...rcl (3):  command file to rf, fc and ld a   
                         program...rfc (1):  command file to rp and fc a Ratfor
                  Ratfor program...rfl (1):  command file to rp, fc, and ld a  
                (1): terminate execution of  command files...exit              


                                        - xxvi -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                         pause (1): suspend  command interpretation            
                          sh (1): Subsystem  Command Interpreter (Shell)       
              primos (1): push a new Primos  command interpreter               
               shell (2): run the Subsystem  command interpreter               
             shtrace (1): trace activity in  command interpreter               
             subsys (2): call the Subsystem  command interpreter               
                       delarg (2): delete a  command line argument             
                          getarg (2): fetch  command line arguments            
                          parscl (2): parse  command line arguments            
                       mkcl (5): generate a  command list file for guess       
                 execute (3): execute a SWT  command on another machine        
             source (1): print source for a  command or subroutine             
                           como (1): divert  command output stream             
                      cron (3): time driven  command processor                 
                usage (1): print summary of  command syntax                    
               guess (5): try to guess what  command the user means            
                          sys$$ (2): pass a  command to the Primos shell       
            return the current value of the  command unit...gcifu$ (6):        
              nstat (3): remote node status  command                           
               (3): determine run-time of a  command...rtime                   
              mkclist (3): create a list of  commands for backstop             
                  ph (1): execute subsystem  commands in the background        
                      x (1): execute Primos  commands                          
             (1): search _search_rule for a  command...which                   
                        two sorted files...  common (1): print lines common to 
                 dmpcm$ (6): dump Subsystem  common areas                      
                  (6): initialize Subsystem  common areas...icomn$             
                 the terminal type from the  common area...ttyp$r (6): return  
                     vtinfo (2): return VTH  common block information          
                get acl protection into ACL  common block...gtacl$ (6):        
             (6): look up a name in the ACL  common block...lookac             
              (6): parse ACL changes in the  common block...parsa$             
                gcd (4): determine greatest  common divisor of two integers    
                 math routines...err$m (2):  common error condition handler for
                    common (1): print lines  common to two sorted files        
             contents of the shell variable  common...svdump (2): dump the     
                          ring (5): network  communication server              
                                  stream...  como (1): divert command output   
            contiguous string...lscmpk (4):  compare linked string with        
               3 for < = or >...strcmp (2):  compare strings and return 1 2 or 
                                lscomp (4):  compare two linked strings        
                                 equal (2):  compare two strings for equality  
                            cmp (1): string  comparison                        
               programs...sep (1): separate  compilation facility for Ratfor   
                 mixed language programs...  compile (1): compile and load     
                        compiler...xcc (1):  compile a C program with Prime    
                                    cc (1):  compile a C program               
                    (Unix-style)...ucc (1):  compile and load a C program      
                                   ccl (1):  compile and load a C program      
                      program...cdmlcl (1):  compile and load a Cobol DML      
                                 cobcl (1):  compile and load a Cobol program  
                         program...fcl (1):  compile and load a Fortran 66     
                       program...f77cl (1):  compile and load a Fortran 77     
                      program...fdmlcl (1):  compile and load a Fortran DML    
                                   pcl (1):  compile and load a Pascal program 
                       program...plgcl (1):  compile and load a PL/I subset G  


                                        - xxvii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                                 plpcl (1):  compile and load a PL/P program   
                                  xccl (1):  compile and load a Prime C program
                                 splcl (1):  compile and load a SPL program    
                    programs...compile (1):  compile and load mixed language   
                                  p4cl (3):  compile and load Pascal 4 program 
                                  c1 (5): C  compiler front end                
             (1): interface to Primos Cobol  compiler...cobc                   
              to Prime DBMS Cobol subschema  compiler...csubc (1): interface   
             interface to Prime DBMS schema  compiler...ddlc (1):              
             interface to Primos Fortran 77  compiler...f77c (1):              
                interface to Primos Fortran  compiler...fc (1):                
            to Prime DBMS Fortran subschema  compiler...fsubc (1): interface   
                          p4c (3): Pascal 4  Compiler                          
            (1): interface to Primos Pascal  compiler...pc                     
                    to Primos PL/I subset G  compiler...plgc (1): interface    
              (1): interface to Primos PL/P  compiler...plpc                   
               (1): interface to Primos SPL  compiler...splc                   
             compile a C program with Prime  compiler...xcc (1):               
                                 lslen (4):  compute length of linked string   
                                length (1):  compute length of strings         
                     attribute...rdavg (1):  compute the average value of an   
                           basys (3): basic  computer system simulator         
                                   cat (1):  concatenate and print files       
                           files...lib (3):  concatenate cross-assembler object
                     relations...rdcat (1):  concatenate two identical         
                      vtbaud (2): set vth's  concept of the terminal speed     
            tines...err$m (2): common error  condition handler for math        
                            files...if (1):  conditional statement for Shell   
                          fi (1): terminate  conditional statement             
              (1): introduce else-part of a  conditional...else                
               introduce the then-part of a  conditional...then (1):           
             (6): on-unit for BAD_PASSWORD$  condition...bponu$                
              (6): on-unit for the REENTER$  condition...reonu$                
              Subsystem files...file$p (2):  connect Pascal file variables to  
              isatty (2): test if a file is  connected to a terminal           
               isnull (2): see if a file is  connected to the bit bucket       
                          elif (1): else-if  construct for Shell programs      
               (4): return TRUE if two sets  contain the same members...set_equ
                       dmpfd$ (6): dump the  contents of a file descriptor     
                           dsdbiu (6): dump  contents of dynamic storage block 
              common...svdump (2): dump the  contents of the shell variable    
               string...lsextr (4): extract  contiguous string from linked     
                        lsmake (4): convert  contiguous string to linked string
            (4): compare linked string with  contiguous string...lscmpk        
                 ctomn (2): translate ASCII  control character to mnemonic     
             show (3): print a file showing  control characters                
                           repeat (1): loop  control structure for Shell files 
              decode (2): perform formatted  conversion from character         
            (2): formatted memory-to-memory  conversion routine...encode       
                ctor (2): character to real  conversion                        
                       character to integer  conversion...gctoi (2): generalize
                  character to long integer  conversion...gctol (2): generalize
                                 mktr$ (6):  convert a pathname into a treename
            terminated string...expand (2):  convert a template into an        
                                 mkpa$ (6):  convert a treename into a pathname
                                  atoc (2):  convert an address to a string    


                                       - xxviii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                     character...mntoc (2):  convert ASCII mnemonic to         
                                  ctoi (2):  convert ascii string to integer   
                        integer...ctol (2):  convert ascii string to long      
                      overstrikes...os (1):  convert backspaces to line printer
                       library...mklib (1):  convert binary relocatable to a   
                                  ctoa (2):  convert character to address      
                linked string...lsmake (4):  convert contiguous string to      
            o any radix string...gltoc (2):  convert double precision integer  
                   ASCII string...dtoc (2):  convert double precision value to 
            S-terminated string...ctoc (2):  convert EOS-terminated string to  
                  packed string...ctop (2):  convert EOS-terminated string to  
                 varying string...ctov (2):  convert EOS-terminated string to  
                                 mapfd (2):  convert fd to Primos funit        
                          output...col (1):  convert input to multi-column     
                         string...itoc (2):  convert integer to character      
                         string...ltoc (2):  convert long integer to character 
                                 entab (1):  convert multiple blanks to tabs   
            S-terminated string...ptoc (2):  convert packed string to          
                 varying string...ptov (2):  convert packed string to PL/I     
                                mktree (1):  convert pathname to treename      
            S-terminated string...vtoc (2):  convert PL/I varying string to    
                  packed string...vtop (2):  convert PL/I varying string to    
              Version 9 format...cvusr (5):  convert pre-Version 9 user list to
                                  rtoc (2):  convert real value to ASCII string
                          format...csv (5):  convert shell variables to new    
            o any radix string...gitoc (2):  convert single precision integer  
                           real...ctod (2):  convert string to double precision
                                 detab (1):  convert tabs to multiple spaces   
                                banner (1):  convert text to banner size       
                                 block (3):  convert text to block letters     
                past midnight...parstm (2):  convert time-of-day to seconds    
                                 unoct (3):  convert UNIX 'od' output to binary
                       tcook$ (6): read and  cook a line from the terminal     
                   cp (1): generalized file  copier                            
                         standard output...  copy (1): copy standard input to  
                                filcpy (2):  copy a file and its attributes    
                                lscopy (4):  copy linked string                
                       set_copy (4): make a  copy of one set in another        
                                 fcopy (2):  copy one file to another          
                                cpfil$ (6):  copy one open file to another     
                      another...cpseg$ (6):  copy one open segment directory to
                                 scopy (2):  copy one string to another        
                         output...copy (1):  copy standard input to standard   
                        sentinel...cto (1):  copy STDIN to STDOUT up to a      
                                vt$put (6):  copy string into terminal buffer  
                     printer...copyout (1):  copy user's terminal session to   
                      session to printer...  copyout (1): copy user's terminal 
                 wkday (2): get day-of-week  corresponding to month, day, year 
                                  cosine...  cosh$m (2): calculate hyperbolic  
              acos$m (2): calculate inverse  cosine                            
                  (2): calculate hyperbolic  cosine...cosh$m                   
                       cos$m (2): calculate  cosine                            
                   double precision inverse  cosine...dacs$m (2): calculate    
            (2): calculate double precision  cosine...dcos$m                   
                double precision hyperbolic  cosine...dcsh$m (2): calculate    
                                             cos$m (2): calculate cosine       


                                        - xxix -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                       cot$m (2): calculate  cotangent                         
            (2): calculate double precision  cotangent...dcot$m                
                                             cot$m (2): calculate cotangent    
                      c$incr (6): increment  count for a given statement       
              (6): clean up after statement  count run...c$end                 
            (6): initialize for a statement  count run...c$init                
                    relation...rdcount (1):  count the number of rows in a     
                     pages) ...tc (1): text  counter (characters, words, lines,
                                             cp (1): generalized file copier   
                                 another...  cpfil$ (6): copy one open file to 
                    directory to another...  cpseg$ (6): copy one open segment 
                    gky$xs (4): get current  cpu keys                          
                    sky$xs (4): set current  cpu keys                          
               ctime (1): print accumulated  cpu time                          
                                 open it...  create (2): create a new file and 
                                mkdir$ (6):  create a directory                
                    backstop...mkclist (3):  create a list of commands for     
                                dble$m (2):  create a longreal from a longint  
                                create (2):  create a new file and open it     
            rrent lexic level...svmake (2):  create a shell variable at the    
                                mktemp (2):  create a temporary file           
                               declare (1):  create shell variables            
                               processor...  cron (3): time driven command     
                           as11 (3): PDP-11  cross assembler                   
                           xref (1): Ratfor  cross reference generator         
                size (3): calculate size of  cross-assembler object code       
                       lib (3): concatenate  cross-assembler object files      
                               lk (3): link  cross-assembler object files      
                  as6800 (3): Motorola 6800  cross-assembler                   
                     as8080 (3): Intel 8080  cross-assembler                   
                         symbols (3): print  cross-assembly symbol table       
               (1): digital alarm clock for  CRTs...alarm                      
              digital time-of-day clock for  CRTs...clock (1):                 
                          and decryption...  crypt (1): exclusive-or encryption
                rsa (3): toy RSA public-key  cryptosystem                      
                 the ASCII character set...  cset (1): list information about  
                Cobol subschema compiler...  csubc (1): interface to Prime DBMS
                           to new format...  csv (5): convert shell variables  
                                    time...  ctime (1): print accumulated cpu  
                           to a sentinel...  cto (1): copy STDIN to STDOUT up  
                                 address...  ctoa (2): convert character to    
            ing to EOS-terminated string...  ctoc (2): convert EOS-terminated  
                          precision real...  ctod (2): convert string to double
                                 integer...  ctoi (2): convert ascii string to 
                            long integer...  ctol (2): convert ascii string to 
                   character to mnemonic...  ctomn (2): translate ASCII control
                 string to packed string...  ctop (2): convert EOS-terminated  
                              conversion...  ctor (2): character to real       
                string to varying string...  ctov (2): convert EOS-terminated  
                            gky$xs (4): get  current cpu keys                  
                            sky$xs (4): set  current cpu keys                  
                            gcdir$ (6): get  current directory pathname        
                 (6): see if file exists in  current directory...findf$        
             delete a shell variable at the  current level...svdel (2):        
             create a shell variable at the  current lexic level...svmake (2): 
                         markf (2): get the  current position of a file        


                                         - xxx -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


              file...tmark$ (6): return the  current position of a terminal    
                     svlevl (2): return the  current shell variable lexic level
            e (1): invoke proper editor for  current terminal                  
                     gcifu$ (6): return the  current value of the command unit 
                   terminate (3): terminate  currently executing 'ring' process
                vtmove (2): move the user's  cursor to row, col                
                   vt$pos (6): position the  cursor to row, col                
            ser list to Version 9 format...  cvusr (5): convert pre-Version 9  
                precision inverse cosine...  dacs$m (2): calculate double      
                  precision inverse sine...  dasn$m (2): calculate double      
            dump (1): dump various internal  data bases                        
              Implementation...des (3): NBS  Data Encryption Standard          
                  (1): make a relation from  data file...rdmake                
               rdextr (1): extract relation  data from a relation              
             (1): manipulate field-oriented  data...field                      
                                             date (1): print date              
                other system information...  date (2): return time, date and   
                     date (2): return time,  date and other system information 
                        parsdt (2): parse a  date in mm/dd/yy format           
                            date (1): print  date                              
                        touch (1): set file  date/time modification fields     
               precision inverse tangent...  datn$m (2): calculate double      
                                             day (1): day of week              
            f-year...jdate (2): take month,  day, and year and return          
                                   day (1):  day of week                       
                    corresponding to month,  day, year...wkday (2): get day-of-
             ring...setime (3): set time of  day/date on all systems running   
                      gtod (1): get time of  day                               
            nth, day, year...wkday (2): get  day-of-week corresponding to      
            month, day, and year and return  day-of-year...jdate (2): take     
                    level debugger (DBG)...  dbg (1): invoke the Primos source 
               Primos source level debugger  (DBG)...dbg (1): invoke the       
                               a longint...  dble$m (2): create a longreal from
              cdmlc (1): interface to Prime  DBMS Cobol DML preprocessor       
              csubc (1): interface to Prime  DBMS Cobol subschema compiler     
              fdmlc (1): interface to Prime  DBMS Fortran DML preprocessor     
              fsubc (1): interface to Prime  DBMS Fortran subschema compiler   
               ddlc (1): interface to Prime  DBMS schema compiler              
                        precision cosine...  dcos$m (2): calculate double      
                     precision cotangent...  dcot$m (2): calculate double      
             precision hyperbolic cosine...  dcsh$m (2): calculate double      
                         schema compiler...  ddlc (1): interface to Prime DBMS 
             invoke the Primos source level  debugger (DBG)...dbg (1):         
               dump linked string space for  debugging...lsdump (4):           
                          putdec (2): write  decimal integer to a file         
            (1): selective filter with user  decision...yesno                  
             link (1): build Ratfor linkage  declaration                       
                               variables...  declare (1): create shell         
                               variables...  declared (1): test for declared   
                     declared (1): test for  declared variables                
               conversion from character...  decode (2): perform formatted     
                                  ptar (3):  decode Unix tar format tapes      
                exclusive-or encryption and  decryption...crypt (1):           
               statement...out (1): specify  default alternative in a case     
                                             define (1): define expander       
                                define (1):  define expander                   


                                        - xxxi -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                 (4): initialize a hardware  defined queue...mkq$xs            
                 vt$def (6): accept a macro  definition from the user          
                   vt$rdf (6): remove macro  definition of a DFA entry         
                  (6): allocate another VTH  definition table...vt$alc         
                     vt$db3 (6): dump macro  definition table                  
             parse a template into name and  definition...gtemp (2):           
               (6): invoke user-defined key  definition...vt$idf               
               vt$ndf (6): remove VTH macro  definition                        
                                             del (1): delete files             
                                argument...  delarg (2): delete a command line 
                                vt$del (6):  delay the terminal with nulls     
                            symbol table...  delete (2): remove a symbol from a
                                delarg (2):  delete a command line argument    
                 current level...svdel (2):  delete a shell variable at the    
                        string...lsdel (4):  delete characters from a linked   
                                   del (1):  delete files                      
                         vt$dln (6): send a  delete line sequence              
              terminal screen...vtdlin (2):  delete lines on the user's        
                          vt$gsq (6): get a  delimited sequence of characters  
              expand character set, stop at  delimiter...filset (2):           
            (2): make pattern, terminate at  delimiter...makpat                
                 Standard Implementation...  des (3): NBS Data Encryption      
                       stacc (1): recursive  descent parser generator          
                     mkfd$ (6): make a file  descriptor from a Primos funit    
                dump the contents of a file  descriptor...dmpfd$ (6):          
                (6): look for an empty file  descriptor...getfd$               
             (2): map standard unit to file  descriptor...mapsu                
               print a relation or relation  descriptor...rdprint (1):         
              (6): size an open Primos file  descriptor...szfil$               
            seekf (2): position a file to a  designated word                   
                                forget (1):  destroy shell variables           
                         multiple spaces...  detab (1): convert tabs to        
                               speling (1):  detect spelling errors            
                 of two integers...gcd (4):  determine greatest common divisor 
                       phantom...isph$ (2):  determine if the caller is a      
                                 rtime (3):  determine run-time of a command   
                 dseek$ (6): seek on a disk  device                            
             tseek$ (6): seek on a terminal  device                            
            on exponential to the base e...  dexp$m (2): calculate double      
               remove macro definition of a  DFA entry...vt$rdf (6):           
              perform garbage collection on  DFA tables...vt$dsw (6):          
                                    file...  dgetl$ (6): get a line from a disk
                (3): optimize printing on a  Diablo...dprint                   
                          remark (2): print  diagnostic message                
            print fatal error message, then  die...error (2):                  
                       between two files...  diff (1): isolate differences     
                       rddiff (1): take the  difference of two relations       
                    set_subtract (4): place  difference of two sets in a third 
                          diff (1): isolate  differences between two files     
                                 alarm (1):  digital alarm clock for CRTs      
                                 clock (1):  digital time-of-day clock for CRTs
                                longreal...  dint$m (2): get integer part of an
                     longreal (PMA only)...  dint$p (2): get integer part of a 
             (1): check on Subsystem status  directories...systat              
                         finfo$ (6): return  directory information about a file
                     pwd (3): print working  directory name                    


                                        - xxxii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                         passwd (3): change  directory non-owner password      
                          chown (3): change  directory ownership               
                    gcdir$ (6): get current  directory pathname                
                 (6): copy one open segment  directory to another...cpseg$     
                        cd (1): change home  directory                         
              see if file exists in current  directory...findf$ (6):           
                of file in user's variables  directory...getvdn (2): return nam
              up a template in the template  directory...lutemp (6): look      
                          mkdir (1): make a  directory                         
                       mkdir$ (6): create a  directory                         
               rmseg$ (6): remove a segment  directory                         
                size an open Primos segment  directory...szseg$ (6):           
                      dseek$ (6): seek on a  disk device                       
                         lopen$ (6): open a  disk file in the spool queue      
              dgetl$ (6): get a line from a  disk file                         
              (6): return the position of a  disk file...dmark$                
                         dopen$ (6): open a  disk file                         
                dputl$ (6): put a line on a  disk file                         
                produce formatted dump of a  disk file...fdmp (1):             
            isadsk (2): test if a file is a  disk file                         
                generate or interpret legal  disk numbers...dnum (1):          
                    quota (1): read and set  disk record quota limits          
                hd (1): summarize available  disk space                        
            dread$ (6): read raw words from  disk                              
               (6): write raw characters to  disk...dwrit$                     
                          line...vtmsg (2):  display a message in the status   
                                vt$err (6):  display a VTH error message       
                                  page (2):  display file in paginated form    
               template (1): manipulate and  display templates                 
                               vcgdump (1):  display 'vcg' input files         
                                  como (1):  divert command output stream      
                linked strings...lscut (4):  divide a linked string into two   
                     rddiv (1): perform the  division of two relations         
             (4): determine greatest common  divisor of two integers...gcd     
            sion logarithm to the base e...  dln$m (2): calculate double       
            ion logarithm to the base 10...  dlog$m (2): calculate double      
                               simulator...  dmach (3): Burroughs D-machine    
                             translang (3):  D-Machine microprogram translator 
                       dmach (3): Burroughs  D-machine simulator               
                             a disk file...  dmark$ (6): return the position of
              interface to Prime DBMS Cobol  DML preprocessor...cdmlc (1):     
            interface to Prime DBMS Fortran  DML preprocessor...fdmlc (1):     
              (1): compile and load a Cobol  DML program...cdmlcl              
            (1): compile and load a Fortran  DML program...fdmlcl              
                                   areas...  dmpcm$ (6): dump Subsystem common 
                         file descriptor...  dmpfd$ (6): dump the contents of a
                      legal disk numbers...  dnum (1): generate or interpret   
            format, overstrike, and spool a  document...fos (1):               
                       set of characters...  dodash (2): expand subrange of a  
                                             dopen$ (6): open a disk file      
                      dcos$m (2): calculate  double precision cosine           
                      dcot$m (2): calculate  double precision cotangent        
             base e...dexp$m (2): calculate  double precision exponential to   
                      dcsh$m (2): calculate  double precision hyperbolic cosine
                      dsnh$m (2): calculate  double precision hyperbolic sine  
            tangent...dtnh$m (2): calculate  double precision hyperbolic       


                                       - xxxiii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


            dix string...gltoc (2): convert  double precision integer to any   
                      dacs$m (2): calculate  double precision inverse cosine   
                      dasn$m (2): calculate  double precision inverse sine     
                      datn$m (2): calculate  double precision inverse tangent  
            base 10...dlog$m (2): calculate  double precision logarithm to the 
              base e...dln$m (2): calculate  double precision logarithm to the 
                ctod (2): convert string to  double precision real             
                      dsin$m (2): calculate  double precision sine             
                      dsqt$m (2): calculate  double precision square root      
                      dtan$m (2): calculate  double precision tangent          
                 string...dtoc (2): convert  double precision value to ASCII   
                      s2c$xs (4): protected  double-word store operation       
               generate IMI prom programmer  down-line load stream...imi (3):  
                                  Diablo...  dprint (3): optimize printing on a
                                    file...  dputl$ (6): put a line on a disk  
                                    disk...  dread$ (6): read raw words from   
                             cron (3): time  driven command processor          
                      string (APL-style)...  drop (1): drop characters from a  
                       string...lsdrop (4):  drop characters from a linked     
                    (APL-style)...drop (1):  drop characters from a string     
                     APL-style...sdrop (2):  drop characters from a string     
                   dynamic storage block...  dsdbiu (6): dump contents of      
                         dump of storage...  dsdump (2): produce semi-readable 
                                             dseek$ (6): seek on a disk device 
                         dynamic storage...  dsfree (2): free a block of       
                         dynamic storage...  dsget (2): obtain a block of      
                           storage space...  dsinit (2): initialize dynamic    
                          precision sine...  dsin$m (2): calculate double      
               precision hyperbolic sine...  dsnh$m (2): calculate double      
                   precision square root...  dsqt$m (2): calculate double      
                       precision tangent...  dtan$m (2): calculate double      
            precision hyperbolic tangent...  dtnh$m (2): calculate double      
                   value to ASCII string...  dtoc (2): convert double precision
                              data bases...  dump (1): dump various internal   
                        block...dsdbiu (6):  dump contents of dynamic storage  
                    debugging...lsdump (4):  dump linked string space for      
                                vt$db3 (6):  dump macro definition table       
                fdmp (1): produce formatted  dump of a disk file               
                 (2): produce semi-readable  dump of storage...dsdump          
                                dmpcm$ (6):  dump Subsystem common areas       
                                 vt$db (6):  dump terminal characteristics     
                                vt$db2 (6):  dump terminal input tables        
                   descriptor...dmpfd$ (6):  dump the contents of a file       
              variable common...svdump (2):  dump the contents of the shell    
                                  dump (1):  dump various internal data bases  
                       otd (3): object text  dumper                            
                         rduniq (1): remove  duplicate tuples from a relation  
                                 to disk...  dwrit$ (6): write raw characters  
            snplnk (5): snap shared library  dynamic links                     
               dsdbiu (6): dump contents of  dynamic storage block             
                     dsinit (2): initialize  dynamic storage space             
                dsfree (2): free a block of  dynamic storage                   
               dsget (2): obtain a block of  dynamic storage                   
                        current terminal...  e (1): invoke proper editor for   
                       routine...input (2):  easy to use semi-formatted input  
                       routine...print (2):  easy to use semi-formatted print  


                                        - xxxiv -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                                             echo (1): echo arguments          
                                  echo (1):  echo arguments                    
                              (extended)...  ed (1): Software Tools text editor
                    exponential to the base  e...dexp$m (2): calculate double p
                             text editor...  edit (2): invoke the line-oriented
                        vt$get (6): get and  edit a single line from input     
                ed (1): Software Tools text  editor (extended)                 
                       e (1): invoke proper  editor for current terminal       
              invoke the line-oriented text  editor...edit (2):                
               se (1): screen-oriented text  editor                            
            precision logarithm to the base  e...dln$m (2): calculate double   
                    exponential to the base  e...exp$m (2): calculate          
                              characters...  ek (1): select erase and kill     
               set_delete (4): remove given  element from a set                
                      rbq$xs (4): remove an  element from the bottom of a queue
                      rtq$xs (4): remove an  element from the top of a queue   
                set_insert (4): place given  element in a set                  
            set_element (4): see if a given  element is in a set               
                         abq$xs (4): add an  element to the bottom of a queue  
                         atq$xs (4): add an  element to the top of a queue     
              try to match a single pattern  element...omatch (2):             
                          Shell programs...  elif (1): else-if construct for   
                          lines...uniq (1):  eliminate successive identical    
            calculate logarithm to the base  e...ln$m (2):                     
                             conditional...  else (1): introduce else-part of a
                       programs...elif (1):  else-if construct for Shell       
                        else (1): introduce  else-part of a conditional        
              ts (3): time sheet for hourly  employees                         
                    getfd$ (6): look for an  empty file descriptor             
             (4): generate a new, initially  empty set...set_create            
            set_init (4): cause a set to be  empty                             
                   screen line...vtenb (2):  enable input on a particular      
            to-memory conversion routine...  encode (2): formatted             
             Primos structure...mkpacl (6):  encode ACL information into a     
                    structure...mksacl (6):  encode ACL information into a SWT 
                    crypt (1): exclusive-or  encryption and decryption         
                          des (3): NBS Data  Encryption Standard Implementation
                vt$cel (6): send a clear to  end-of-line sequence              
                         input...quote (1):  enquote strings from standard     
                                 to tabs...  entab (1): convert multiple blanks
                                   table...  enter (2): place symbol in symbol 
                  (4): return the number of  entries in a queue...tsq$xs       
                           log (1): make an  entry in a personal log           
                 stclos (2): insert closure  entry in pattern                  
                          bnames (5): print  entry point names in object files 
                (2): return size of pattern  entry...patsiz                    
               routine called on subprogram  entry...t$entr (6): profiling     
                  macro definition of a DFA  entry...vt$rdf (6): remove        
            ated string...ctoc (2): convert  EOS-terminated string to          
                 string...ctop (2): convert  EOS-terminated string to packed   
                 string...ctov (2): convert  EOS-terminated string to varying  
                   EOS-terminated string to  EOS-terminated string...ctoc (2): 
            (2): convert a template into an  EOS-terminated string...expand    
              (2): convert packed string to  EOS-terminated string...ptoc      
             convert PL/I varying string to  EOS-terminated string...vtoc (2): 
             (3): interface with the Primos  EPF loader...bind                 


                                        - xxxv -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                  (6): call a P300, SEG, or  EPF runfile...call$$              
                                equality...  equal (2): compare two strings for
               (2): compare two strings for  equality...equal                  
                             ek (1): select  erase and kill characters         
               handler for math routines...  err$m (2): common error condition 
                       return error code...  error (1): output error message,  
                       message, then die...  error (2): print fatal error      
               output error message, return  error code...error (1):           
               routines...err$m (2): common  error condition handler for math  
                         vt$ier (6): report  error in VTH initialization file  
                          error (1): output  error message, return error code  
                     error (2): print fatal  error message, then die           
                  vt$err (6): display a VTH  error message                     
                  seterr (2): set Subsystem  error return code                 
               speling (1): detect spelling  errors                            
                check for possible spelling  errors...spell (1):               
                                statment...  esac (1): mark the end of a case  
            ped character if appropriate...  esc (2): map substring into       
            (6): unpack a Primos file name;  escape slashes...upkfn$           
                esc (2): map substring into  escaped character if appropriate  
                             expressions...  eval (1): evaluate arithmetic     
                                  eval (1):  evaluate arithmetic expressions   
                                  raid (3):  examine bug reports               
                    decryption...crypt (1):  exclusive-or encryption and       
                                             exec (2): execute pathname        
                      by a quoted string...  execn (2): execute program named  
                      on another machine...  execute (3): execute a SWT command
                     machine...execute (3):  execute a SWT command on another  
                                  exec (2):  execute pathname                  
                                     x (1):  execute Primos commands           
                        string...execn (2):  execute program named by a quoted 
                       background...ph (1):  execute subsystem commands in the 
                   (3): terminate currently  executing 'ring' process...termina
                        exit (1): terminate  execution of command files        
                         profile (1): print  execution profile                 
                        filtst (2): perform  existence and size tests on a file
                    findf$ (6): see if file  exists in current directory       
                           command files...  exit (1): terminate execution of  
                                  stop (1):  exit from subsystem               
                  routine called on program  exit...t$clup (6): profiling      
               routine called on subprogram  exit...t$exit (6): profiling      
            nto an EOS-terminated string...  expand (2): convert a template    
                      pattern...getccl (2):  expand character class into       
                    delimiter...filset (2):  expand character set, stop at     
                               include (1):  expand include statements         
                   characters...dodash (2):  expand subrange of a set of       
                         define (1): define  expander                          
                           to the base e...  exp$m (2): calculate exponential  
                   pwrmod (4): calculate an  exponential modulo a given modulus
            (2): calculate double precision  exponential to the base e...dexp$m
                       exp$m (2): calculate  exponential to the base e         
              eval (1): evaluate arithmetic  expressions                       
                                    rp (1):  extended Ratfor preprocessor      
            (1): Software Tools text editor  (extended)...ed                   
                 stk$xs (4): set/read stack  extension pointer                 
                linked string...lsextr (4):  extract contiguous string from    


                                        - xxxvi -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                     relation...rdextr (1):  extract relation data from a      
                     Fortran 77 compiler...  f77c (1): interface to Primos     
                      Fortran 77 program...  f77cl (1): compile and load a     
              sep (1): separate compilation  facility for Ratfor programs      
                           error (2): print  fatal error message, then die     
                        Fortran compiler...  fc (1): interface to Primos       
            rfc (1): command file to rp and  fc a Ratfor program               
               rcl (3): command file to rf,  fc and ld a program               
               rfl (1): command file to rp,  fc, and ld a Ratfor program       
                      Fortran 66 program...  fcl (1): compile and load a       
                                 another...  fcopy (2): copy one file to       
                         mapfd (2): convert  fd to Primos funit                
                Fortran DML preprocessor...  fdmlc (1): interface to Prime DBMS
                     Fortran DML program...  fdmlcl (1): compile and load a    
                          of a disk file...  fdmp (1): produce formatted dump  
                      program...geta$f (2):  fetch arguments for a Fortran     
                      program...geta$p (2):  fetch arguments for a Pascal      
                    program...geta$plg (2):  fetch arguments for a PL/I G      
                                getarg (2):  fetch command line arguments      
              character waiting, and if so,  fetch it...rdy$xs (4): see if     
                                  style)...  ffind (1): look for a string (kmp 
                               statement...  fi (1): terminate conditional     
                     field-oriented data...  field (1): manipulate             
               vtpad (2): pad the rest of a  field with blanks                 
                      field (1): manipulate  field-oriented data               
            set file date/time modification  fields...touch (1):               
                              attributes...  filcpy (2): copy a file and its   
                                    file...  file (1): test information about a
                         filcpy (2): copy a  file and its attributes           
                   create (2): create a new  file and open it                  
                     arg (1): print command  file arguments                    
                    args (1): print command  file arguments                    
                  argsto (1): print command  file arguments                    
               (1): print number of command  file arguments...nargs            
                           chat (1): change  file attributes                   
                 (2): get information about  file characteristics...gfdata     
                        cp (1): generalized  file copier                       
                             touch (1): set  file date/time modification fields
                  funit...mkfd$ (6): make a  file descriptor from a Primos     
                (6): dump the contents of a  file descriptor...dmpfd$          
              getfd$ (6): look for an empty  file descriptor                   
            mapsu (2): map standard unit to  file descriptor                   
            szfil$ (6): size an open Primos  file descriptor                   
                         findf$ (6): see if  file exists in current directory  
                          goto (1): command  file flow-of-control statement    
               (5): generate a command list  file for guess...mkcl             
                             mv (3): move a  file from one place to another    
                 getto (2): get to the last  file in a pathname                
                          page (2): display  file in paginated form            
                             pg (1): list a  file in paginated form            
                    lopen$ (6): open a disk  file in the spool queue           
                 getvdn (2): return name of  file in user's variables directory
                      isadsk (2): test if a  file is a disk file               
                      isatty (2): test if a  file is connected to a terminal   
              bucket...isnull (2): see if a  file is connected to the bit      
                 iofl$ (6): initialize open  file list                         


                                       - xxxvii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                            ar (1): archive  file maintainer                   
                  cant (2): print cant open  file message                      
                list...gfnarg (2): get next  file name argument from argument  
                upkfn$ (6): unpack a Primos  file name; escape slashes         
                            files (1): list  file names matching a pattern     
                             cn (1): change  file names                        
                       remove (2): remove a  file, return status               
                       rmfil$ (6): remove a  file, return status               
                          show (3): print a  file showing control characters   
               List ACL information about a  file system object...lacl (1):    
                        fsize (1): size any  file system structure             
               (6): traverse subtree of the  file system...tscan$              
                      seekf (2): position a  file to a designated word         
                  cpfil$ (6): copy one open  file to another                   
                        fcopy (2): copy one  file to another                   
                           rcl (3): command  file to rf, fc and ld a program   
                           rfc (1): command  file to rp and fc a Ratfor program
                 program...rfl (1): command  file to rp, fc, and ld a Ratfor   
                        program...fixp (3):  file translation and parity set   
                 file$p (2): connect Pascal  file variables to Subsystem files 
                 object code files into one  file...bmerge (5): merge          
                         pairs in an object  file...brefs (5): print caller-cal
               close (2): close out an open  file                              
                (6): get a line from a disk  file...dgetl$                     
              return the position of a disk  file...dmark$ (6):                
                    dopen$ (6): open a disk  file                              
                  (6): put a line on a disk  file...dputl$                     
                   formatted dump of a disk  file...fdmp (1): produce          
              (1): test information about a  file...file                       
              existence and size tests on a  file...filtst (2): perform        
              directory information about a  file...finfo$ (6): return         
                (2): get a character from a  file...getch                      
                  (2): read one line from a  file...getlin                     
               get the pathname for an open  file...gfnam$ (6):                
              (2): test if a file is a disk  file...isadsk                     
               (3): print last n lines of a  file...last                       
              get the current position of a  file...markf (2):                 
             mktemp (2): create a temporary  file                              
                           open (2): open a  file                              
            variables to Subsystem files...  file$p (2): connect Pascal file   
            putch (2): put a character on a  file                              
            (2): write decimal integer to a  file...putdec                     
                putlin (2): put a line on a  file                              
             (2): write literal string on a  file...putlit                     
             (1): make a relation from data  file...rdmake                     
                 (2): read raw words from a  file...readf                      
                       rewind (2): rewind a  file                              
             rmtemp (2): remove a temporary  file                              
                      matching a pattern...  files (1): list file names        
                    flush$ (6): flush out a  file's buffer                     
                         shar (3): put text  files into a 'shell archive'      
              bmerge (5): merge object code  files into one file               
                              pr (1): print  files on the line printer         
                  program...cof$ (6): close  files opened by the last user     
                              lfo (3): list  files opened for a specified user 
                entry point names in object  files...bnames (5): print         


                                       - xxxviii -                           




                                                               Permuted Index


              (1): case statement for shell  files...case                      
             cat (1): concatenate and print  files                             
                 lines common to two sorted  files...common (1): print         
                            del (1): delete  files                             
            isolate differences between two  files...diff (1):                 
             terminate execution of command  files...exit (1):                 
             (2): set characteristics for a  file...sfdata                     
                file variables to Subsystem  files...file$p (2): connect Pascal
            conditional statement for Shell  files...if (1):                   
               laminate lines from separate  files...lam (1):                  
                               lf (1): list  files                             
                     cross-assembler object  files...lib (3): concatenate      
                (1): slice out a chunk of a  file...slice                      
                link cross-assembler object  files...lk (3):                   
                           print (1): print  files                             
            set protection attributes for a  file...sprot$ (6):                
                control structure for Shell  files...repeat (1): loop          
                   (1): display 'vcg' input  files...vcgdump                   
             restore shell variables from a  file...svrest (2):                
             (2): save shell variables in a  file...svsave                     
             current position of a terminal  file...tmark$ (6): return the     
                      trunc (2): truncate a  file                              
                error in VTH initialization  file...vt$ier (6): report         
              read terminal characteristics  file...vtterm (2):                
               wind (2): position to end of  file                              
             writef (2): write raw words to  file                              
                       stop at delimiter...  filset (2): expand character set, 
                       yesno (1): selective  filter with user decision         
                    size tests on a file...  filtst (2): perform existence and 
                                             find (1): look for a pattern      
                        string...index (1):  find index of a character in a    
                        string...index (2):  find index of a character in a    
              another integer...invmod (4):  find inverse of an integer modulo 
                                length (2):  find length of a string           
                  where they are...who (3):  find out who's on the system and  
                                 lspos (4):  find position in linked string    
                                 phone (3):  find someone's telephone number   
                               whereis (1):  find the location of a terminal   
            pecified attribute...rdmax (1):  find the maximum value of a       
            pecified attribute...rdmin (1):  find the minimum value of a       
                    login name...whois (1):  find the user associated with a   
                       current directory...  findf$ (6): see if file exists in 
                information about a file...  finfo$ (6): return directory      
                                             first$ (6): check for first call  
                      first$ (6): check for  first call                        
                                  cck1 (5):  First phase of C program checker  
               put character in a set if it  fits...addset (2):                
                               tee (1): tee  fitting for pipelines             
                      parity set program...  fixp (3): file translation and    
                      statement...when (1):  flag alternative in a case        
                     goto (1): command file  flow-of-control statement         
                                  buffer...  flush$ (6): flush out a file's    
                                flush$ (6):  flush out a file's buffer         
                                             fmt (1): text formatter           
                       lz (3): post process  'fmt' output for laser printer    
                            focld (3): send  FOCAL-GT/RT programs to the GT40  


                                        - xxxix -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                    programs to the GT40...  focld (3): send FOCAL-GT/RT       
                                 mapdn (2):  fold character to lower case      
                                 mapup (2):  fold character to upper case      
                                             follow (2): path name follower    
                      follow (2): path name  follower                          
                    Subsystem...init$f (2):  force Fortran i/o to recognize the
                    Subsystem...init$p (2):  force Pascal i/o to recognize the 
                  Subsystem...init$plg (2):  force PL/I G i/o to recognize the 
                               variables...  forget (1): destroy shell         
                                 bugfm (5):  format a bug report               
                  intel (3): generate Intel  format object tape                
                 mot (3): generate Motorola  format object tape                
                        document...fos (1):  format, overstrike, and spool a   
                  ptar (3): decode Unix tar  format tapes                      
             convert shell variables to new  format...csv (5):                 
                   9 user list to Version 9  format...cvusr (5): convert pre-Ve
              (2): parse a date in mm/dd/yy  format...parsdt                   
            character...decode (2): perform  formatted conversion from         
                          fdmp (1): produce  formatted dump of a disk file     
            onversion routine...encode (2):  formatted memory-to-memory        
                 buffers...vtprt (2): place  formatted strings into screen     
                              fmt (1): text  formatter                         
             (2): display file in paginated  form...page                       
              (1): list a file in paginated  form...pg                         
                fcl (1): compile and load a  Fortran 66 program                
              f77c (1): interface to Primos  Fortran 77 compiler               
              f77cl (1): compile and load a  Fortran 77 program                
                fc (1): interface to Primos  Fortran compiler                  
               (1): interface to Prime DBMS  Fortran DML preprocessor...fdmlc  
             fdmlcl (1): compile and load a  Fortran DML program               
              Subsystem...init$f (2): force  Fortran i/o to recognize the      
                 (2): fetch arguments for a  Fortran program...geta$f          
               (1): interface to Prime DBMS  Fortran subschema compiler...fsubc
                        spool a document...  fos (1): format, overstrike, and  
                 rtn$$ (6): return to stack  frame of call$$                   
                                dsfree (2):  free a block of dynamic storage   
                                lsfree (4):  free linked string space          
                            sol (3): play a  friendly game of solitaire        
                         c1 (5): C compiler  front end                         
                               structure...  fsize (1): size any file system   
              Fortran subschema compiler...  fsubc (1): interface to Prime DBMS
            mapfd (2): convert fd to Primos  funit                             
            a file descriptor from a Primos  funit...mkfd$ (6): make           
                   sol (3): play a friendly  game of solitaire                 
                        vt$dsw (6): perform  garbage collection on DFA tables  
                 divisor of two integers...  gcd (4): determine greatest common
                                pathname...  gcdir$ (6): get current directory 
               value of the command unit...  gcifu$ (6): return the current    
                   to integer conversion...  gctoi (2): generalized character  
              to long integer conversion...  gctol (2): generalized character  
                    conversion...gctoi (2):  generalized character to integer  
            integer conversion...gctol (2):  generalized character to long     
                                    cp (1):  generalized file copier           
                          guess...mkcl (5):  generate a command list file for  
                      set...set_create (4):  generate a new, initially empty   
                                rand$m (2):  generate a random number          


                                         - xl -                              




                                                               Permuted Index


            own-line load stream...imi (3):  generate IMI prom programmer      
                                 intel (3):  generate Intel format object tape 
                            tape...mot (3):  generate Motorola format object   
                    M6800 Monitor...ap (3):  Generate Object Tape for A & P    
                        numbers...dnum (1):  generate or interpret legal disk  
                                   rnd (1):  generate random numbers           
                                  iota (1):  generate vector of integers       
               for the rand$m random number  generator...seed$m (2): set the se
              (1): recursive descent parser  generator...stacc                 
                 vcg (1): Prime V-mode code  generator                         
                (1): Ratfor cross reference  generator...xref                  
                        array...get$xs (4):  get a character (byte) from an    
                                 getch (2):  get a character from a file       
                   characters...vt$gsq (6):  get a delimited sequence of       
                                dgetl$ (6):  get a line from a disk file       
                                vtgetl (2):  get a line from the VTH screen    
                                gtattr (2):  get a user's terminal attributes  
                                getwrd (2):  get a word from a line buffer     
                        block...gtacl$ (6):  get acl protection into ACL common
                        input...vt$get (6):  get and edit a single line from   
                                lsgetc (4):  get character from linked string  
                                gky$xs (4):  get current cpu keys              
                                gcdir$ (6):  get current directory pathname    
              month, day, year...wkday (2):  get day-of-week corresponding to  
              characteristics...gfdata (2):  get information about file        
                   (PMA only)...dint$p (2):  get integer part of a longreal    
                                dint$m (2):  get integer part of an longreal   
                argument list...gfnarg (2):  get next file name argument from  
                                 markf (2):  get the current position of a file
                                gfnam$ (6):  get the pathname for an open file 
                                  gtod (1):  get time of day                   
                                 getto (2):  get to the last file in a pathname
                         Fortran program...  geta$f (2): fetch arguments for a 
                          Pascal program...  geta$p (2): fetch arguments for a 
                        a PL/I G program...  geta$plg (2): fetch arguments for 
                               arguments...  getarg (2): fetch command line    
                            into pattern...  getccl (2): expand character class
                                    file...  getch (2): get a character from a 
                              descriptor...  getfd$ (6): look for an empty file
                               arguments...  getkwd (2): look for keyword/value
                                    file...  getlin (2): read one line from a  
                              a pathname...  getto (2): get to the last file in
              user's variables directory...  getvdn (2): return name of file in
                                  buffer...  getwrd (2): get a word from a line
                           from an array...  get$xs (4): get a character (byte)
                    file characteristics...  gfdata (2): get information about 
                            an open file...  gfnam$ (6): get the pathname for  
             argument from argument list...  gfnarg (2): get next file name    
             integer to any radix string...  gitoc (2): convert single         
                     set_delete (4): remove  given element from a set          
                      set_insert (4): place  given element in a set            
                  set_element (4): see if a  given element is in a set         
                    an exponential modulo a  given modulus...pwrmod (4): calcul
                 (6): increment count for a  given statement...c$incr          
                     key-letter argument...  gklarg (2): parse a single        
                                             gky$xs (4): get current cpu keys  


                                         - xli -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


             integer to any radix string...  gltoc (2): convert double         
               flow-of-control statement...  goto (1): command file            
              integers...gcd (4): determine  greatest common divisor of two    
                        group identities...  group (1): test or list a users   
            group (1): test or list a users  group identities                  
                FOCAL-GT/RT programs to the  GT40...focld (3): send            
                    terminal program on the  GT40...scroll (3): load scrolling 
                   into ACL common block...  gtacl$ (6): get acl protection    
                              attributes...  gtattr (2): get a user's terminal 
                     name and definition...  gtemp (2): parse a template into  
                                             gtod (1): get time of day         
                           terminal type...  gttype (2): return the user's     
                  command the user means...  guess (5): try to guess what      
                          guess (5): try to  guess what command the user means 
                    a command list file for  guess...mkcl (5): generate        
                 Subsystem User's Guides...  guide (1): Software Tools         
            Software Tools Subsystem User's  Guides...guide (1):               
                     key-letter argument...  gvlarg (2): obtain the value of a 
                (2): common error condition  handler for math routines...err$m 
                   for the virtual terminal  handler...vtopt (2): set options  
                   mkq$xs (4): initialize a  hardware defined queue            
                                   space...  hd (1): summarize available disk  
                                 in need...  help (1): provide help for users  
                          help (1): provide  help for users in need            
                      bugn (5): process the  highest bug number                
                       history mechanism...  hist (1): manipulate the subsystem
              (1): Software Tools Subsystem  historian...history               
                     Subsystem historian...  history (1): Software Tools       
              (1): manipulate the subsystem  history mechanism...hist          
                 phist (1): print Subsystem  history                           
                             cd (1): change  home directory                    
                     ts (3): time sheet for  hourly employees                  
                              calculator...  hp (1): Reverse Polish Notation   
                      cosh$m (2): calculate  hyperbolic cosine                 
            (2): calculate double precision  hyperbolic cosine...dcsh$m        
            (2): calculate double precision  hyperbolic sine...dsnh$m          
                      sinh$m (2): calculate  hyperbolic sine                   
            (2): calculate double precision  hyperbolic tangent...dtnh$m       
                      tanh$m (2): calculate  hyperbolic tangent                
                            common areas...  icomn$ (6): initialize Subsystem  
             uniq (1): eliminate successive  identical lines                   
                 rdcat (1): concatenate two  identical relations               
                   rdint (1): intersect two  identical relations               
            (1): test or list a users group  identities...group                
             line (1): print user's process  id                                
            rammer down-line load stream...  imi (3): generate IMI prom        
                 stream...imi (3): generate  IMI prom programmer down-line load
               NBS Data Encryption Standard  Implementation...des (3):         
                              statements...  include (1): expand include       
                        include (1): expand  include statements                
                    statement...c$incr (6):  increment count for a given       
                   character in a string...  index (1): find index of a        
                   character in a string...  index (2): find index of a        
                            index (1): find  index of a character in a string  
                            index (2): find  index of a character in a string  
                produce key-word-in-context  index...kwic (1):                 


                                        - xlii -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                           term (1): select  individual terminal parameters    
                object...lacl (1): List ACL  information about a file system   
                             file (1): test  information about a file          
               finfo$ (6): return directory  information about a file          
            aracteristics...gfdata (2): get  information about file            
             character set...cset (1): list  information about the ASCII       
                       lookup (2): retrieve  information from a symbol table   
            ucture...mkpacl (6): encode ACL  information into a Primos         
                     mksacl (6): encode ACL  information into a SWT structure  
                time, date and other system  information...date (2): return    
               (2): return VTH common block  information...vtinfo              
                                 program...  init (2): initialize a Subsystem  
                 recognize the Subsystem...  init$f (2): force Fortran i/o to  
            vt$ier (6): report error in VTH  initialization file               
                        queue...mkq$xs (4):  initialize a hardware defined     
                                  init (2):  initialize a Subsystem program    
                                dsinit (2):  initialize dynamic storage space  
                          run...c$init (6):  initialize for a statement count  
                          run...t$init (6):  initialize for a subroutine trace 
                                lsinit (4):  initialize linked string space    
                                 iofl$ (6):  initialize open file list         
                                icomn$ (6):  initialize Subsystem common areas 
                                ioinit (6):  initialize Subsystem I/O areas    
              characteristics...vtinit (2):  initialize terminal               
            set_create (4): generate a new,  initially empty set               
                 recognize the Subsystem...  init$p (2): force Pascal i/o to   
                 recognize the Subsystem...  init$plg (2): force PL/I G i/o to 
            semi-formatted input routine...  input (2): easy to use            
             chkinp (2): check for terminal  input availability                
                 vcgdump (1): display 'vcg'  input files                       
                 tip (1): check if terminal  input is pending                  
                          vtenb (2): enable  input on a particular screen line 
            (2): easy to use semi-formatted  input routine...input             
                  vt$db2 (6): dump terminal  input tables                      
                           col (1): convert  input to multi-column output      
                    copy (1): copy standard  input to standard output          
              enquote strings from standard  input...quote (1):                
                 last n lines from standard  input...tail (1): print           
            get and edit a single line from  input...vt$get (6):               
                                stclos (2):  insert closure entry in pattern   
                                 lsins (4):  insert in linked string           
                        vt$iln (6): send an  insert line sequence              
              terminal screen...vtilin (2):  insert lines on the user's        
                       installation name...  installation (1): print Subsystem 
                       (1): print Subsystem  installation name...installation  
              (2): generalized character to  integer conversion...gctoi        
              generalized character to long  integer conversion...gctol (2):   
             invmod (4): find inverse of an  integer modulo another integer    
                    only)...dint$p (2): get  integer part of a longreal (PMA   
                            dint$m (2): get  integer part of an longreal       
                  putdec (2): write decimal  integer to a file                 
              (2): convert single precision  integer to any radix string...gito
              (2): convert double precision  integer to any radix string...glto
                          itoc (2): convert  integer to character string       
                     ltoc (2): convert long  integer to character string       
               (2): convert ascii string to  integer...ctoi                    


                                        - xliii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


               convert ascii string to long  integer...ctol (2):               
               of an integer modulo another  integer...invmod (4): find inverse
             greatest common divisor of two  integers...gcd (4): determine     
               iota (1): generate vector of  integers                          
                             object tape...  intel (3): generate Intel format  
                                as8080 (3):  Intel 8080 cross-assembler        
                        intel (3): generate  Intel format object tape          
                  preprocessor...cdmlc (1):  interface to Prime DBMS Cobol DML 
            subschema compiler...csubc (1):  interface to Prime DBMS Cobol     
              DML preprocessor...fdmlc (1):  interface to Prime DBMS Fortran   
            subschema compiler...fsubc (1):  interface to Prime DBMS Fortran   
                       compiler...ddlc (1):  interface to Prime DBMS schema    
                                  pmac (1):  interface to Primos assembler     
                     subsystem...batch (1):  interface to Primos batch         
                                  cobc (1):  interface to Primos Cobol compiler
                       compiler...f77c (1):  interface to Primos Fortran 77    
                         compiler...fc (1):  interface to Primos Fortran       
                         compiler...pc (1):  interface to Primos Pascal        
                       compiler...plgc (1):  interface to Primos PL/I subset G 
                                  plpc (1):  interface to Primos PL/P compiler 
                                  splc (1):  interface to Primos SPL compiler  
                         loader...bind (3):  interface with the Primos EPF     
                                    ld (1):  interface with the Primos loader  
                      mt (1): magnetic tape  interface                         
                      at$swt (6): Subsystem  interlude to Primos ATCH$$        
                        vpsd (1): Subsystem  interlude to SEG's vpsd           
                     dump (1): dump various  internal data bases               
                                 st$lu (6):  internal symbol table lookup      
                      dnum (1): generate or  interpret legal disk numbers      
                 pause (1): suspend command  interpretation                    
                  sh (1): Subsystem Command  Interpreter (Shell)               
             (1): push a new Primos command  interpreter...primos              
             (2): run the Subsystem command  interpreter...shell               
             (1): trace activity in command  interpreter...shtrace             
            (2): call the Subsystem command  interpreter...subsys              
            (2): check for pending terminal  interrupt...tquit$                
                                 rdint (1):  intersect two identical relations 
            hird...set_intersect (4): place  intersection of two sets in a     
                    conditional...else (1):  introduce else-part of a          
                    conditional...then (1):  introduce the then-part of a      
                      acos$m (2): calculate  inverse cosine                    
            (2): calculate double precision  inverse cosine...dacs$m           
            ther integer...invmod (4): find  inverse of an integer modulo      
                      asin$m (2): calculate  inverse sine                      
            (2): calculate double precision  inverse sine...dasn$m             
                      atan$m (2): calculate  inverse tangent                   
            (2): calculate double precision  inverse tangent...datn$m          
            teger modulo another integer...  invmod (4): find inverse of an    
                          terminal...e (1):  invoke proper editor for current  
                         editor...edit (2):  invoke the line-oriented text     
                  debugger (DBG)...dbg (1):  invoke the Primos source level    
                                vt$idf (6):  invoke user-defined key definition
                  (6): initialize Subsystem  I/O areas...ioinit                
                  init$f (2): force Fortran  i/o to recognize the Subsystem    
                   init$p (2): force Pascal  i/o to recognize the Subsystem    
                 init$plg (2): force PL/I G  i/o to recognize the Subsystem    


                                        - xliv -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                                    list...  iofl$ (6): initialize open file   
                               I/O areas...  ioinit (6): initialize Subsystem  
                                integers...  iota (1): generate vector of      
                               disk file...  isadsk (2): test if a file is a   
                 connected to a terminal...  isatty (2): test if a file is     
             connected to the bit bucket...  isnull (2): see if a file is      
                          files...diff (1):  isolate differences between two   
                                 phantom...  isph (1): see if process is a     
                            is a phantom...  isph$ (2): determine if the caller
                    prime (4): retrieve the  'i'th prime number                
                        character string...  itoc (2): convert integer to      
             year and return day-of-year...  jdate (2): take month, day, and   
                        arbitrary string...  join (1): replace newlines with an
             rdnat (1): perform the natural  join of two relations             
                                lsjoin (4):  join two linked strings           
                                rdjoin (1):  join two relations                
            vt$idf (6): invoke user-defined  key definition                    
                 gklarg (2): parse a single  key-letter argument               
                 (2): obtain the value of a  key-letter argument...gvlarg      
                gky$xs (4): get current cpu  keys                              
                sky$xs (4): set current cpu  keys                              
                          kwic (1): produce  key-word-in-context index         
                       getkwd (2): look for  keyword/value arguments           
                                             kill (3): log out a user          
                   ek (1): select erase and  kill characters                   
               ffind (1): look for a string  (kmp style)                       
               key-word-in-context index...  kwic (1): produce                 
             'un-rotate' output produced by  kwic...unrot (1):                 
              about a file system object...  lacl (1): List ACL information    
                          separate files...  lam (1): laminate lines from      
                                   lam (1):  laminate lines from separate files
                           macro (1): macro  language from Software Tools      
                (1): compile and load mixed  language programs...compile       
              post process 'fmt' output for  laser printer...lz (3):           
                                    file...  last (3): print last n lines of a 
                      getto (2): get to the  last file in a pathname           
                            tail (1): print  last n lines from standard input  
                            last (3): print  last n lines of a file            
             (6): close files opened by the  last user program...cof$          
                                  loader...  ld (1): interface with the Primos 
            (3): command file to rf, fc and  ld a program...rcl                
                command file to rp, fc, and  ld a Ratfor program...rfl (1):    
                            into memory ...  ldseg$ (6): load a SEG runfile    
                           template area...  ldtmp$ (6): load the per-user     
            dnum (1): generate or interpret  legal disk numbers                
                                 strings...  length (1): compute length of     
                                  string...  length (2): find length of a      
                           length (2): find  length of a string                
                         lslen (4): compute  length of linked string           
                        length (1): compute  length of strings                 
                 (3): convert text to block  letters...block                   
              (1): invoke the Primos source  level debugger (DBG)...dbg        
            a shell variable at the current  level...svdel (2): delete         
               current shell variable lexic  level...svlevl (2): return the    
              variable at the current lexic  level...svmake (2): create a shell
                 the current shell variable  lexic level...svlevl (2): return  


                                         - xlv -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


            a shell variable at the current  lexic level...svmake (2): create  
                                             lf (1): list files                
                          specified user...  lfo (3): list files opened for a  
            cross-assembler object files...  lib (3): concatenate              
                          lorder (1): order  libraries for one-pass loading    
                    snplnk (5): snap shared  library dynamic links             
            convert binary relocatable to a  library...mklib (1):              
             read and set disk record quota  limits...quota (1):               
                                             line (1): print user's process id 
               delarg (2): delete a command  line argument                     
                  getarg (2): fetch command  line arguments                    
                  parscl (2): parse command  line arguments                    
              getwrd (2): get a word from a  line buffer                       
                          dgetl$ (6): get a  line from a disk file             
                       getlin (2): read one  line from a file                  
                 (6): get and edit a single  line from input...vt$get          
                tcook$ (6): read and cook a  line from the terminal            
                         tgetl$ (6): read a  line from the terminal            
                          vtgetl (2): get a  line from the VTH screen          
                            vtputl (2): put  line into terminal screen buffer  
                          dputl$ (6): put a  line on a disk file               
                          putlin (2): put a  line on a file                    
                          tputl$ (6): put a  line on the terminal              
              os (1): convert backspaces to  line printer overstrikes          
                                    sp (1):  line printer spooler              
                                   lps (1):  line printer status monitor       
                 pr (1): print files on the  line printer                      
                  vt$dln (6): send a delete  line sequence                     
                 vt$iln (6): send an insert  line sequence                     
                      strlsr (2): perform a  linear search of a string table   
                match pattern anywhere on a  line...match (2):                 
                       edit (2): invoke the  line-oriented text editor         
                          common (1): print  lines common to two sorted files  
                          lam (1): laminate  lines from separate files         
                     tail (1): print last n  lines from standard input         
                     last (3): print last n  lines of a file                   
                screen...vtdlin (2): delete  lines on the user's terminal      
                screen...vtilin (2): insert  lines on the user's terminal      
                counter (characters, words,  lines, pages) ...tc (1): text     
             eliminate successive identical  lines...uniq (1):                 
               input on a particular screen  line...vtenb (2): enable          
            display a message in the status  line...vtmsg (2):                 
                             declaration...  link (1): build Ratfor linkage    
                                    lk (3):  link cross-assembler object files 
                     link (1): build Ratfor  linkage declaration               
              strings...lscut (4): divide a  linked string into two linked     
                           lsdump (4): dump  linked string space for debugging 
                           lsfree (4): free  linked string space               
                     lsinit (4): initialize  linked string space               
               string...lscmpk (4): compare  linked string with contiguous     
                  (4): allocate space for a  linked string...lsallo            
                           lscopy (4): copy  linked string                     
              (4): delete characters from a  linked string...lsdel             
                (4): drop characters from a  linked string...lsdrop            
             extract contiguous string from  linked string...lsextr (4):       
             lsgetc (4): get character from  linked string                     


                                        - xlvi -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


              (4): read an arbitrarily long  linked string...lsgetf            
                       lsins (4): insert in  linked string                     
               lslen (4): compute length of  linked string                     
               convert contiguous string to  linked string...lsmake (4):       
                lspos (4): find position in  linked string                     
                  (4): put character into a  linked string...lsputc            
             (4): write an arbitrarily long  linked string...lsputf            
                 (4): take a substring of a  linked string...lssubs            
                (4): take characters from a  linked string...lstake            
                    lscomp (4): compare two  linked strings                    
            divide a linked string into two  linked strings...lscut (4):       
                       lsjoin (4): join two  linked strings                    
                snap shared library dynamic  links...snplnk (5):               
                                    pg (1):  list a file in paginated form     
                         group (1): test or  list a users group identities     
                  system object...lacl (1):  List ACL information about a file 
               mkcl (5): generate a command  list file for guess               
                                 files (1):  list file names matching a pattern
                            user...lfo (3):  list files opened for a specified 
                                    lf (1):  list files                        
                  character set...cset (1):  list information about the ASCII  
                      mkclist (3): create a  list of commands for backstop     
                  svscan (2): scan a user's  list of shell variables           
                                 rdatt (1):  list the attributes of a relation 
                                ttyp$l (6):  list the available terminal types 
            (5): convert pre-Version 9 user  list to Version 9 format...cvusr  
                                    us (1):  list users of the Prime           
                name argument from argument  list...gfnarg (2): get next file  
            iofl$ (6): initialize open file  list                              
                          putlit (2): write  literal string on a file          
                            object files...  lk (3): link cross-assembler      
                              the base e...  ln$m (2): calculate logarithm to  
                       ucc (1): compile and  load a C program (Unix-style)     
                       ccl (1): compile and  load a C program                  
                    cdmlcl (1): compile and  load a Cobol DML program          
                     cobcl (1): compile and  load a Cobol program              
                       fcl (1): compile and  load a Fortran 66 program         
                     f77cl (1): compile and  load a Fortran 77 program         
                    fdmlcl (1): compile and  load a Fortran DML program        
                       pcl (1): compile and  load a Pascal program             
                     plgcl (1): compile and  load a PL/I subset G program      
                     plpcl (1): compile and  load a PL/P program               
                    pmacl (1): assemble and  load a PMA program                
                      xccl (1): compile and  load a Prime C program            
                                ldseg$ (6):  load a SEG runfile into memory    
                     splcl (1): compile and  load a SPL program                
                   compile (1): compile and  load mixed language programs      
                      p4cl (3): compile and  load Pascal 4 program             
                     the GT40...scroll (3):  load scrolling terminal program on
              IMI prom programmer down-line  load stream...imi (3): generate   
                                ldtmp$ (6):  load the per-user template area   
              interface with the Primos EPF  loader...bind (3):                
             (1): interface with the Primos  loader...ld                       
               order libraries for one-pass  loading...lorder (1):             
                            source code ...  locate (1): locate subsystem      
                         character class...  locate (2): look for character in 


                                        - xlvii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                                locate (1):  locate subsystem source code      
                      pek$xs (4): look at a  location in memory                
                       pok$xs (4): change a  location in memory                
                      whereis (1): find the  location of a terminal            
              for pattern match at specific  location...amatch (2): look       
                            personal log...  log (1): make an entry in a       
                                  kill (3):  log out a user                    
                                   bye (1):  log out from the Subsystem        
            (2): calculate double precision  logarithm to the base 10...dlog$m 
                       log$m (2): calculate  logarithm to the base 10          
            (2): calculate double precision  logarithm to the base e...dln$m   
                        ln$m (2): calculate  logarithm to the base e           
                 to (1): send messages to a  logged-in user                    
               login_name (1): print user's  login name                        
            find the user associated with a  login name...whois (1):           
                          pword (1): change  login password                    
                                    name...  login_name (1): print user's login
                make an entry in a personal  log...log (1):                    
                             the base 10...  log$m (2): calculate logarithm to 
              (2): generalized character to  long integer conversion...gctol   
                          ltoc (2): convert  long integer to character string  
               (2): convert ascii string to  long integer...ctol               
            lsgetf (4): read an arbitrarily  long linked string                
                  (4): write an arbitrarily  long linked string...lsputf       
               (4): remove a set that is no  longer needed...set_remove        
              (2): create a longreal from a  longint...dble$m                  
                       dble$m (2): create a  longreal from a longint           
                 (2): get integer part of a  longreal (PMA only)...dint$p      
                     a longreal raised to a  longreal power...powr$m (2): calcu
            power...powr$m (2): calculate a  longreal raised to a longreal     
                (2): get integer part of an  longreal...dint$m                 
                                pek$xs (4):  look at a location in memory      
                                change (1):  look for a pattern and change it  
                                  find (1):  look for a pattern                
                                 ffind (1):  look for a string (kmp style)     
                                getfd$ (6):  look for an empty file descriptor 
                        class...locate (2):  look for character in character   
                                getkwd (2):  look for keyword/value arguments  
                     location...amatch (2):  look for pattern match at specific
                        block...lookac (6):  look up a name in the ACL common  
                    directory...lutemp (6):  look up a template in the template
                        ACL common block...  lookac (6): look up a name in the 
                     from a symbol table...  lookup (2): retrieve information  
                 (6): internal symbol table  lookup...st$lu                    
                        files...repeat (1):  loop control structure for Shell  
                     until (1): terminate a  loop statement                    
                         the spool queue...  lopen$ (6): open a disk file in   
                        one-pass loading...  lorder (1): order libraries for   
               mapdn (2): fold character to  lower case                        
                                 monitor...  lps (1): line printer status      
                           linked string...  lsallo (4): allocate space for a  
                  with contiguous string...  lscmpk (4): compare linked string 
                                 strings...  lscomp (4): compare two linked    
                                             lscopy (4): copy linked string    
                 into two linked strings...  lscut (4): divide a linked string 
                         a linked string...  lsdel (4): delete characters from 


                                       - xlviii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                           linked string...  lsdrop (4): drop characters from a
                     space for debugging...  lsdump (4): dump linked string    
               string from linked string...  lsextr (4): extract contiguous    
                                   space...  lsfree (4): free linked string    
                           linked string...  lsgetc (4): get character from    
                      long linked string...  lsgetf (4): read an arbitrarily   
                            string space...  lsinit (4): initialize linked     
                                             lsins (4): insert in linked string
                                 strings...  lsjoin (4): join two linked       
                           linked string...  lslen (4): compute length of      
                 string to linked string...  lsmake (4): convert contiguous    
                                  string...  lspos (4): find position in linked
                           linked string...  lsputc (4): put character into a  
                      long linked string...  lsputf (4): write an arbitrarily  
                           linked string...  lssubs (4): take a substring of a 
                           linked string...  lstake (4): take characters from a
                        character string...  ltoc (2): convert long integer to 
                  the template directory...  lutemp (6): look up a template in 
                       for laser printer...  lz (3): post process 'fmt' output 
             Generate Object Tape for A & P  M6800 Monitor...ap (3):           
                   a SWT command on another  machine...execute (3): execute    
            Primos message to a user on all  machines...broadcast (3): send a  
                          Software Tools...  macro (1): macro language from    
                       vt$def (6): accept a  macro definition from the user    
                         vt$rdf (6): remove  macro definition of a DFA entry   
                           vt$db3 (6): dump  macro definition table            
                     vt$ndf (6): remove VTH  macro definition                  
                                 macro (1):  macro language from Software Tools
                                    mt (1):  magnetic tape interface           
                                             mail (1): send or receive mail    
                  mail (1): send or receive  mail                              
                       ar (1): archive file  maintainer                        
                              set_copy (4):  make a copy of one set in another 
                                 mkdir (1):  make a directory                  
                  Primos funit...mkfd$ (6):  make a file descriptor from a     
                                rdmake (1):  make a relation from data file    
                                mktabl (2):  make a symbol table               
                                   log (1):  make an entry in a personal log   
                    delimiter...makpat (2):  make pattern, terminate at        
                                maksub (2):  make substitution string          
                  terminate at delimiter...  makpat (2): make pattern,         
                                  string...  maksub (2): make substitution     
                   moot (3): teleconference  manager                           
                              template (1):  manipulate and display templates  
                                 field (1):  manipulate field-oriented data    
                      mechanism...hist (1):  manipulate the subsystem history  
                                  sema (1):  manipulate user semaphores        
                                mapstr (2):  map case of a string              
                    descriptor...mapsu (2):  map standard unit to file         
            acter if appropriate...esc (2):  map substring into escaped        
                                    case...  mapdn (2): fold character to lower
                                   funit...  mapfd (2): convert fd to Primos   
                                             mapstr (2): map case of a string  
                         file descriptor...  mapsu (2): map standard unit to   
                                    case...  mapup (2): fold character to upper
                                  esac (1):  mark the end of a case statment   


                                        - xlix -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                      position of a file...  markf (2): get the current        
                               on a line...  match (2): match pattern anywhere 
                         omatch (2): try to  match a single pattern element    
               amatch (2): look for pattern  match at specific location        
                                 match (2):  match pattern anywhere on a line  
                 files (1): list file names  matching a pattern                
                error condition handler for  math routines...err$m (2): common 
            attribute...rdmax (1): find the  maximum value of a specified      
             to guess what command the user  means...guess (5): try            
               stats (1): print statistical  measures                          
                      the subsystem history  mechanism...hist (1): manipulate  
               if two sets contain the same  members...set_equal (4): return TR
                         reminder system...  memo (3): automated memo and      
                        memo (3): automated  memo and reminder system          
                  move$ (2): move blocks of  memory around quickly             
               (6): load a SEG runfile into  memory ...ldseg$                  
                 (4): look at a location in  memory...pek$xs                   
                  (4): change a location in  memory...pok$xs                   
            routine...encode (2): formatted  memory-to-memory conversion       
                         file...bmerge (5):  merge object code files into one  
                       vtmsg (2): display a  message in the status line        
                    error (1): output error  message, return error code        
               error (2): print fatal error  message, then die                 
               broadcast (3): send a Primos  message to a user on all machines 
             cant (2): print cant open file  message                           
               remark (2): print diagnostic  message                           
                               to (1): send  messages to a logged-in user      
            vt$err (6): display a VTH error  message                           
                   translang (3): D-Machine  microprogram translator           
                time-of-day to seconds past  midnight...parstm (2): convert    
            attribute...rdmin (1): find the  minimum value of a specified      
              compile (1): compile and load  mixed language programs           
                          file for guess...  mkcl (5): generate a command list 
                   commands for backstop...  mkclist (3): create a list of     
                                             mkdir (1): make a directory       
                                             mkdir$ (6): create a directory    
                     from a Primos funit...  mkfd$ (6): make a file descriptor 
                relocatable to a library...  mklib (1): convert binary         
                              a pathname...  mkpa$ (6): convert a treename into
                 into a Primos structure...  mkpacl (6): encode ACL information
                           defined queue...  mkq$xs (4): initialize a hardware 
                    into a SWT structure...  mksacl (6): encode ACL information
                                             mktabl (2): make a symbol table   
                                    file...  mktemp (2): create a temporary    
                              a treename...  mktr$ (6): convert a pathname into
                                treename...  mktree (1): convert pathname to   
                parsdt (2): parse a date in  mm/dd/yy format                   
                   mntoc (2): convert ASCII  mnemonic to character             
                 ASCII control character to  mnemonic...ctomn (2): translate   
                          vt$db1 (6): print  mnemonics for special characters  
                            to character...  mntoc (2): convert ASCII mnemonic 
              touch (1): set file date/time  modification fields               
              (4): calculate an exponential  modulo a given modulus...pwrmod   
            (4): find inverse of an integer  modulo another integer...invmod   
              an exponential modulo a given  modulus...pwrmod (4): calculate   
                                             mon (3): system status monitor    


                                          - l -                              




                                                               Permuted Index


                Object Tape for A & P M6800  Monitor...ap (3): Generate        
               lps (1): line printer status  monitor                           
                     mon (3): system status  monitor                           
              day-of-year...jdate (2): take  month, day, and year and return   
               day-of-week corresponding to  month, day, year...wkday (2): get 
                                             moot (3): teleconference manager  
                             object tape...  mot (3): generate Motorola format 
                                as6800 (3):  Motorola 6800 cross-assembler     
                          mot (3): generate  Motorola format object tape       
                          around quickly...  move$ (2): move blocks of memory  
                          another...mv (3):  move a file from one place to     
                       quickly...move$ (2):  move blocks of memory around      
                                vtmove (2):  move the user's cursor to row, col
                                             mt (1): magnetic tape interface   
                  col (1): convert input to  multi-column output               
                         entab (1): convert  multiple blanks to tabs           
                 detab (1): convert tabs to  multiple spaces                   
                              to another...  mv (3): move a file from one place
                 (2): parse a template into  name and definition...gtemp       
                  gfnarg (2): get next file  name argument from argument list  
                  (6): unpack a Primos file  name; escape slashes...upkfn$     
                           follow (2): path  name follower                     
                      lookac (6): look up a  name in the ACL common block      
             directory...getvdn (2): return  name of file in user's variables  
                 execn (2): execute program  named by a quoted string          
               print Subsystem installation  name...installation (1):          
                    (1): print user's login  name...login_name                 
               (3): print working directory  name...pwd                        
              bnames (5): print entry point  names in object files             
                       files (1): list file  names matching a pattern          
                        cn (1): change file  names                             
               user associated with a login  name...whois (1): find the        
                          file arguments...  nargs (1): print number of command
                     rdnat (1): perform the  natural join of two relations     
                  Implementation...des (3):  NBS Data Encryption Standard      
             remove a set that is no longer  needed...set_remove (4):          
             (1): provide help for users in  need...help                       
                                  ring (5):  network communication server      
                           nodes (3): print  network nodes                     
                          ns (3): print out  network status                    
                       create (2): create a  new file and open it              
            (5): convert shell variables to  new format...csv                  
                 set_create (4): generate a  new, initially empty set          
                         primos (1): push a  new Primos command interpreter    
                          join (1): replace  newlines with an arbitrary string 
                         Subsystem users...  news (1): news service for        
                     publish (1): publish a  news article                      
                     retract (1): retract a  news article                      
                                  news (1):  news service for Subsystem users  
            (1): subscribe to the Subsystem  news service...subscribe          
            argument list...gfnarg (2): get  next file name argument from      
                          nstat (3): remote  node status command               
                                             nodes (3): print network nodes    
                   nodes (3): print network  nodes                             
               passwd (3): change directory  non-owner password                
                     hp (1): Reverse Polish  Notation calculator               


                                         - li -                              




                                                               Permuted Index


                                             ns (3): print out network status  
                                 command...  nstat (3): remote node status     
               (6): delay the terminal with  nulls...vt$del                    
             the seed for the rand$m random  number generator...seed$m (2): set
                           nargs (1): print  number of command file arguments  
                     tsq$xs (4): return the  number of entries in a queue      
                     rdcount (1): count the  number of rows in a relation      
               (5): process the highest bug  number...bugn                     
              (3): find someone's telephone  number...phone                    
              (4): retrieve the 'i'th prime  number...prime                    
              rand$m (2): generate a random  number                            
                    or interpret legal disk  numbers...dnum (1): generate      
                 radix (1): change radix of  numbers                           
                   rnd (1): generate random  numbers                           
                          bmerge (5): merge  object code files into one file   
                    size of cross-assembler  object code...size (3): calculate 
            print caller-callee pairs in an  object file...brefs (5):          
            (5): print entry point names in  object files...bnames             
                concatenate cross-assembler  object files...lib (3):           
               lk (3): link cross-assembler  object files                      
                 Monitor...ap (3): Generate  Object Tape for A & P M6800       
                 (3): generate Intel format  object tape...intel               
              (3): generate Motorola format  object tape...mot                 
                                   otd (3):  object text dumper                
            information about a file system  object...lacl (1): List ACL       
              (1): set ACL attributes on an  object...sacl                     
                                 dsget (2):  obtain a block of dynamic storage 
                    profiling...t$time (6):  obtain clock readings for         
                                ttyp$f (6):  obtain the user's terminal type   
                     argument...gvlarg (2):  obtain the value of a key-letter  
                    unoct (3): convert UNIX  'od' output to binary             
                         pattern element...  omatch (2): try to match a single 
            lorder (1): order libraries for  one-pass loading                  
            integer part of a longreal (PMA  only)...dint$p (2): get           
             vt$out (6): output a character  onto the screen                   
                    condition...bponu$ (6):  on-unit for BAD_PASSWORD$         
                                reonu$ (6):  on-unit for the REENTER$ condition
                                             open (2): open a file             
                        queue...lopen$ (6):  open a disk file in the spool     
                                dopen$ (6):  open a disk file                  
                                  open (2):  open a file                       
                      iofl$ (6): initialize  open file list                    
                       cant (2): print cant  open file message                 
                       cpfil$ (6): copy one  open file to another              
                    close (2): close out an  open file                         
               (6): get the pathname for an  open file...gfnam$                
                 (2): create a new file and  open it...create                  
                        szfil$ (6): size an  open Primos file descriptor       
                        szseg$ (6): size an  open Primos segment directory     
                       cpseg$ (6): copy one  open segment directory to another 
                      cof$ (6): close files  opened by the last user program   
                        lfo (3): list files  opened for a specified user       
                protected single-word store  operation...s1c$xs (4):           
                protected double-word store  operation...s2c$xs (4):           
                                dprint (3):  optimize printing on a Diablo     
                                sprint (3):  optimize printing on a Spinwriter 


                                         - lii -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                   handler...vtopt (2): set  options for the virtual terminal  
                      loading...lorder (1):  order libraries for one-pass      
                                    rf (3):  original Ratfor preprocessor      
                     printer overstrikes...  os (1): convert backspaces to line
                                             otd (3): object text dumper       
            date (2): return time, date and  other system information          
                                vt$out (6):  output a character onto the screen
                          code...error (1):  output error message, return error
                 lz (3): post process 'fmt'  output for laser printer          
                     unrot (1): 'un-rotate'  output produced by kwic           
                   como (1): divert command  output stream                     
               unoct (3): convert UNIX 'od'  output to binary                  
               print a calendar on standard  output...cal (3):                 
              convert input to multi-column  output...col (1):                 
            copy standard input to standard  output...copy (1):                
                           fos (1): format,  overstrike, and spool a document  
                 backspaces to line printer  overstrikes...os (1): convert     
                chown (3): change directory  ownership                         
               Generate Object Tape for A &  P M6800 Monitor...ap (3):         
                         call$$ (6): call a  P300, SEG, or EPF runfile         
                                             p4c (3): Pascal 4 Compiler        
                               4 program...  p4cl (3): compile and load Pascal 
                 string...ptoc (2): convert  packed string to EOS-terminated   
                 string...ptov (2): convert  packed string to PL/I varying     
                   EOS-terminated string to  packed string...ctop (2): convert 
             convert PL/I varying string to  packed string...vtop (2):         
                        blanks...vtpad (2):  pad the rest of a field with      
                          paginated form...  page (2): display file in         
                 (6): catch a break for the  page subroutine...pg$brk          
                 (characters, words, lines,  pages) ...tc (1): text counter    
                  page (2): display file in  paginated form                    
                     pg (1): list a file in  paginated form                    
             brefs (5): print caller-callee  pairs in an object file           
            (1): select individual terminal  parameters...term                 
             fixp (3): file translation and  parity set program                
                        the common block...  parsa$ (6): parse ACL changes in  
                               arguments...  parscl (2): parse command line    
                         mm/dd/yy format...  parsdt (2): parse a date in       
                                parsdt (2):  parse a date in mm/dd/yy format   
                                gklarg (2):  parse a single key-letter argument
                    definition...gtemp (2):  parse a template into name and    
                        block...parsa$ (6):  parse ACL changes in the common   
                                parscl (2):  parse command line arguments      
                                chkarg (2):  parse single-letter arguments     
               stacc (1): recursive descent  parser generator                  
                   seconds past midnight...  parstm (2): convert time-of-day to
                    dint$p (2): get integer  part of a longreal (PMA only)     
                       basename (1): select  part of a pathname                
                (6): clear an uninitialized  part of a segment...zmem$         
                    dint$m (2): get integer  part of an longreal               
               vtenb (2): enable input on a  particular screen line            
                                   p4c (3):  Pascal 4 Compiler                 
                 p4cl (3): compile and load  Pascal 4 program                  
                pc (1): interface to Primos  Pascal compiler                   
                files...file$p (2): connect  Pascal file variables to Subsystem
              Subsystem...init$p (2): force  Pascal i/o to recognize the       


                                        - liii -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                 (2): fetch arguments for a  Pascal program...geta$p           
                pcl (1): compile and load a  Pascal program                    
                                 sys$$ (2):  pass a command to the Primos shell
                      non-owner password...  passwd (3): change directory      
            (3): change directory non-owner  password...passwd                 
                    pword (1): change login  password                          
             convert time-of-day to seconds  past midnight...parstm (2):       
                                follow (2):  path name follower                
                        gfnam$ (6): get the  pathname for an open file         
                       mktr$ (6): convert a  pathname into a treename          
                        mktree (1): convert  pathname to treename              
             basename (1): select part of a  pathname                          
                          exec (2): execute  pathname                          
                 (6): get current directory  pathname...gcdir$                 
             (2): get to the last file in a  pathname...getto                  
             (6): convert a treename into a  pathname...mkpa$                  
                                   entry...  patsiz (2): return size of pattern
                     change (1): look for a  pattern and change it             
                           match (2): match  pattern anywhere on a line        
                 (2): try to match a single  pattern element...omatch          
                 patsiz (2): return size of  pattern entry                     
                       amatch (2): look for  pattern match at specific location
                           makpat (2): make  pattern, terminate at delimiter   
            (1): list file names matching a  pattern...files                   
                       find (1): look for a  pattern                           
                expand character class into  pattern...getccl (2):             
               (2): insert closure entry in  pattern...stclos                  
                          interpretation...  pause (1): suspend command        
                                compiler...  pc (1): interface to Primos Pascal
                                 program...  pcl (1): compile and load a Pascal
                                  as11 (3):  PDP-11 cross assembler            
                                  memory...  pek$xs (4): look at a location in 
                      tquit$ (2): check for  pending terminal interrupt        
            (1): check if terminal input is  pending...tip                     
                 string table...strbsr (2):  perform a binary search of a      
                 string table...strlsr (2):  perform a linear search of a      
                    on a file...filtst (2):  perform existence and size tests  
                    character...decode (2):  perform formatted conversion from 
                       tables...vt$dsw (6):  perform garbage collection on DFA 
                     relations...rddiv (1):  perform the division of two       
                     relations...rdnat (1):  perform the natural join of two   
                log (1): make an entry in a  personal log                      
                       ldtmp$ (6): load the  per-user template area            
                                    form...  pg (1): list a file in paginated  
                         page subroutine...  pg$brk (6): catch a break for the 
                       in the background...  ph (1): execute subsystem commands
                            sph (5): system  phantom processor                 
              isph (1): see if process is a  phantom                           
               determine if the caller is a  phantom...isph$ (2):              
                            cck1 (5): First  phase of C program checker        
                           cck2 (5): Second  phase of C program checker        
                                             phist (1): print Subsystem history
                        telephone number...  phone (3): find someone's         
                   tee (1): tee fitting for  pipelines                         
                  third...set_subtract (4):  place difference of two sets in a 
                screen buffers...vtprt (2):  place formatted strings into      


                                         - liv -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                            set_insert (4):  place given element in a set      
               a third...set_intersect (4):  place intersection of two sets in 
                                 enter (2):  place symbol in symbol table      
               mv (3): move a file from one  place to another                  
                             set_union (4):  place union of two sets in a third
                                   sol (3):  play a friendly game of solitaire 
                       subset G compiler...  plgc (1): interface to Primos PL/I
                        subset G program...  plgcl (1): compile and load a PL/I
            Subsystem...init$plg (2): force  PL/I G i/o to recognize the       
                 (2): fetch arguments for a  PL/I G program...geta$plg         
              plgc (1): interface to Primos  PL/I subset G compiler            
              plgcl (1): compile and load a  PL/I subset G program             
            ated string...vtoc (2): convert  PL/I varying string to            
                 string...vtop (2): convert  PL/I varying string to packed     
              (2): convert packed string to  PL/I varying string...ptov        
              plpc (1): interface to Primos  PL/P compiler                     
              plpcl (1): compile and load a  PL/P program                      
                                compiler...  plpc (1): interface to Primos PL/P
                                 program...  plpcl (1): compile and load a PL/P
             get integer part of a longreal  (PMA only)...dint$p (2):          
             pmacl (1): assemble and load a  PMA program                       
                               assembler...  pmac (1): interface to Primos     
                                 program...  pmacl (1): assemble and load a PMA
                    bnames (5): print entry  point names in object files       
              (4): set/read stack extension  pointer...stk$xs                  
                                  memory...  pok$xs (4): change a location in  
                            hp (1): Reverse  Polish Notation calculator        
                          word...seekf (2):  position a file to a designated   
                            lspos (4): find  position in linked string         
                     dmark$ (6): return the  position of a disk file           
                 markf (2): get the current  position of a file                
             tmark$ (6): return the current  position of a terminal file       
                                vt$rel (6):  position relatively to row, col   
                                vt$pos (6):  position the cursor to row, col   
                                  wind (2):  position to end of file           
                       spell (1): check for  possible spelling errors          
                    laser printer...lz (3):  post process 'fmt' output for     
            a longreal raised to a longreal  power...powr$m (2): calculate     
              raised to a longreal power...  powr$m (2): calculate a longreal  
                                 printer...  pr (1): print files on the line   
               dcos$m (2): calculate double  precision cosine                  
               dcot$m (2): calculate double  precision cotangent               
            ...dexp$m (2): calculate double  precision exponential to the base 
               dcsh$m (2): calculate double  precision hyperbolic cosine       
               dsnh$m (2): calculate double  precision hyperbolic sine         
               dtnh$m (2): calculate double  precision hyperbolic tangent      
            ing...gitoc (2): convert single  precision integer to any radix    
            ing...gltoc (2): convert double  precision integer to any radix    
               dacs$m (2): calculate double  precision inverse cosine          
               dasn$m (2): calculate double  precision inverse sine            
               datn$m (2): calculate double  precision inverse tangent         
               dlog$m (2): calculate double  precision logarithm to the base 10
                dln$m (2): calculate double  precision logarithm to the base e 
              (2): convert string to double  precision real...ctod             
               dsin$m (2): calculate double  precision sine                    
               dsqt$m (2): calculate double  precision square root             


                                         - lv -                              




                                                               Permuted Index


               dtan$m (2): calculate double  precision tangent                 
                   dtoc (2): convert double  precision value to ASCII string   
                    to Prime DBMS Cobol DML  preprocessor...cdmlc (1): interfac
                  to Prime DBMS Fortran DML  preprocessor...fdmlc (1): interfac
                    rf (3): original Ratfor  preprocessor                      
                    rp (1): extended Ratfor  preprocessor                      
              9 format...cvusr (5): convert  pre-Version 9 user list to Version
                            prime number...  prime (4): retrieve the 'i'th     
               xccl (1): compile and load a  Prime C program                   
              (1): compile a C program with  Prime compiler...xcc              
                    cdmlc (1): interface to  Prime DBMS Cobol DML preprocessor 
            piler...csubc (1): interface to  Prime DBMS Cobol subschema        
            essor...fdmlc (1): interface to  Prime DBMS Fortran DML            
            piler...fsubc (1): interface to  Prime DBMS Fortran subschema      
                     ddlc (1): interface to  Prime DBMS schema compiler        
              prime (4): retrieve the 'i'th  prime number                      
                                   vcg (1):  Prime V-mode code generator       
                  us (1): list users of the  Prime                             
                     command interpreter...  primos (1): push a new Primos     
                     pmac (1): interface to  Primos assembler                  
                (6): Subsystem interlude to  Primos ATCH$$...at$swt            
                    batch (1): interface to  Primos batch subsystem            
                     cobc (1): interface to  Primos Cobol compiler             
                     primos (1): push a new  Primos command interpreter        
                             x (1): execute  Primos commands                   
               bind (3): interface with the  Primos EPF loader                 
                   szfil$ (6): size an open  Primos file descriptor            
                       upkfn$ (6): unpack a  Primos file name; escape slashes  
                     f77c (1): interface to  Primos Fortran 77 compiler        
                       fc (1): interface to  Primos Fortran compiler           
                   mapfd (2): convert fd to  Primos funit                      
              make a file descriptor from a  Primos funit...mkfd$ (6):         
                 ld (1): interface with the  Primos loader                     
            achines...broadcast (3): send a  Primos message to a user on all   
                       pc (1): interface to  Primos Pascal compiler            
                     plgc (1): interface to  Primos PL/I subset G compiler     
                     plpc (1): interface to  Primos PL/P compiler              
                   szseg$ (6): size an open  Primos segment directory          
                 (2): pass a command to the  Primos shell...sys$$              
                        dbg (1): invoke the  Primos source level debugger (DBG)
                     splc (1): interface to  Primos SPL compiler               
              encode ACL information into a  Primos structure...mkpacl (6):    
                                             print (1): print files            
            semi-formatted print routine...  print (2): easy to use            
                          output...cal (3):  print a calendar on standard      
                     characters...show (3):  print a file showing control      
                  descriptor...rdprint (1):  print a relation or relation      
                                 ctime (1):  print accumulated cpu time        
                   object file...brefs (5):  print caller-callee pairs in an   
                                  cant (2):  print cant open file message      
                                   arg (1):  print command file arguments      
                                  args (1):  print command file arguments      
                                argsto (1):  print command file arguments      
                               symbols (3):  print cross-assembly symbol table 
                                  date (1):  print date                        
                                remark (2):  print diagnostic message          


                                         - lvi -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                        files...bnames (5):  print entry point names in object 
                               profile (1):  print execution profile           
                           die...error (2):  print fatal error message, then   
                                    pr (1):  print files on the line printer   
                   cat (1): concatenate and  print files                       
                                 print (1):  print files                       
                          input...tail (1):  print last n lines from standard  
                                  last (3):  print last n lines of a file      
                        files...common (1):  print lines common to two sorted  
                   characters...vt$db1 (6):  print mnemonics for special       
                                 nodes (3):  print network nodes               
                     arguments...nargs (1):  print number of command file      
                                    ns (3):  print out network status          
            (2): easy to use semi-formatted  print routine...print             
                      variables...vars (1):  print, save, or restore shell     
                   subroutine...source (1):  print source for a command or     
                                 stats (1):  print statistical measures        
                                 phist (1):  print Subsystem history           
                          installation (1):  print Subsystem installation name 
                                 usage (1):  print summary of command syntax   
                                  time (1):  print time-of-day                 
                            login_name (1):  print user's login name           
                                  line (1):  print user's process id           
                             term_type (1):  print user's terminal type        
                                   pwd (3):  print working directory name      
             chkstr (2): check a string for  printable characters              
            (1): convert backspaces to line  printer overstrikes...os          
                               sp (1): line  printer spooler                   
                              lps (1): line  printer status monitor            
            copy user's terminal session to  printer...copyout (1):            
             process 'fmt' output for laser  printer...lz (3): post            
            pr (1): print files on the line  printer                           
                       dprint (3): optimize  printing on a Diablo              
                       sprint (3): optimize  printing on a Spinwriter          
                     printer...lz (3): post  process 'fmt' output for laser    
                     line (1): print user's  process id                        
                           isph (1): see if  process is a phantom              
                                  bugn (5):  process the highest bug number    
              cron (3): time driven command  processor                         
                    sph (5): system phantom  processor                         
                 currently executing 'ring'  process...terminate (3): terminate
                           file...fdmp (1):  produce formatted dump of a disk  
                                  kwic (1):  produce key-word-in-context index 
                      storage...dsdump (2):  produce semi-readable dump of     
              unrot (1): 'un-rotate' output  produced by kwic                  
                                 profile...  profile (1): print execution      
               profile (1): print execution  profile                           
            st_profile (1): statement-level  profile                           
                 program exit...t$clup (6):  profiling routine called on       
             subprogram entry...t$entr (6):  profiling routine called on       
              subprogram exit...t$exit (6):  profiling routine called on       
             (6): obtain clock readings for  profiling...t$time                
                 cck1 (5): First phase of C  program checker                   
                cck2 (5): Second phase of C  program checker                   
                profiling routine called on  program exit...t$clup (6):        
                         execn (2): execute  program named by a quoted string  


                                        - lvii -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


               (3): load scrolling terminal  program on the GT40...scroll      
              ucc (1): compile and load a C  program (Unix-style)              
                       xcc (1): compile a C  program with Prime compiler       
                     bs (5): shell backstop  program                           
                    bs1 (5): shell backstop  program                           
                        cc (1): compile a C  program                           
              ccl (1): compile and load a C  program                           
               compile and load a Cobol DML  program...cdmlcl (1):             
              (1): compile and load a Cobol  program...cobcl                   
              files opened by the last user  program...cof$ (6): close         
              compile and load a Fortran 77  program...f77cl (1):              
              compile and load a Fortran 66  program...fcl (1):                
             compile and load a Fortran DML  program...fdmlcl (1):             
            file translation and parity set  program...fixp (3):               
              fetch arguments for a Fortran  program...geta$f (2):             
               fetch arguments for a Pascal  program...geta$p (2):             
               fetch arguments for a PL/I G  program...geta$plg (2):           
                (2): initialize a Subsystem  program...init                    
                 imi (3): generate IMI prom  programmer down-line load stream  
             (3): compile and load Pascal 4  program...p4cl                    
             (1): compile and load a Pascal  program...pcl                     
                   and load a PL/I subset G  program...plgcl (1): compile      
               (1): compile and load a PL/P  program...plpcl                   
               (1): assemble and load a PMA  program...pmacl                   
            command file to rf, fc and ld a  program...rcl (3):                
                 file to rp and fc a Ratfor  program...rfc (1): command        
            file to rp, fc, and ld a Ratfor  program...rfl (1): command        
                focld (3): send FOCAL-GT/RT  programs to the GT40              
            compile and load mixed language  programs...compile (1):           
                else-if construct for Shell  programs...elif (1):              
                (1): compile and load a SPL  program...splcl                   
            compilation facility for Ratfor  programs...sep (1): separate      
              (6): trace routine for Ratfor  programs...t$trac                 
            (1): compile and load a Prime C  program...xccl                    
                                rdproj (1):  project a relation                
             stream...imi (3): generate IMI  prom programmer down-line load    
                              e (1): invoke  proper editor for current terminal
                    operation...s2c$xs (4):  protected double-word store       
                    operation...s1c$xs (4):  protected single-word store       
                            sprot$ (6): set  protection attributes for a file  
                        gtacl$ (6): get acl  protection into ACL common block  
                                  help (1):  provide help for users in need    
                                   tapes...  ptar (3): decode Unix tar format  
                   EOS-terminated string...  ptoc (2): convert packed string to
                     PL/I varying string...  ptov (2): convert packed string to
                           rsa (3): toy RSA  public-key cryptosystem           
                                 article...  publish (1): publish a news       
                               publish (1):  publish a news article            
                  interpreter...primos (1):  push a new Primos command         
                        array...put$xs (4):  put a character (byte) into an    
                                 putch (2):  put a character on a file         
                                dputl$ (6):  put a line on a disk file         
                                putlin (2):  put a line on a file              
                                tputl$ (6):  put a line on the terminal        
                                addset (2):  put character in a set if it fits 
                                lsputc (4):  put character into a linked string


                                        - lviii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                       buffer...vtputl (2):  put line into terminal screen     
                       archive'...shar (3):  put text files into a 'shell      
                                    file...  putch (2): put a character on a   
                               to a file...  putdec (2): write decimal integer 
                                             putlin (2): put a line on a file  
                               on a file...  putlit (2): write literal string  
                           into an array...  put$xs (4): put a character (byte)
                                    name...  pwd (3): print working directory  
                                             pword (1): change login password  
            ntial modulo a given modulus...  pwrmod (4): calculate an          
                     the user...ttyp$q (6):  query for the terminal type from  
              an element to the bottom of a  queue...abq$xs (4): add           
             add an element to the top of a  queue...atq$xs (4):               
              open a disk file in the spool  queue...lopen$ (6):               
              initialize a hardware defined  queue...mkq$xs (4):               
            an element from the bottom of a  queue...rbq$xs (4): remove        
               an element from the top of a  queue...rtq$xs (4): remove        
                 the number of entries in a  queue...tsq$xs (4): return        
               move blocks of memory around  quickly...move$ (2):              
                     record quota limits...  quota (1): read and set disk      
              (1): read and set disk record  quota limits...quota              
                          standard input...  quote (1): enquote strings from   
            (2): execute program named by a  quoted string...execn             
                                             radix (1): change radix of numbers
                          radix (1): change  radix of numbers                  
            single precision integer to any  radix string...gitoc (2): convert 
            double precision integer to any  radix string...gltoc (2): convert 
                                             raid (3): examine bug reports     
                  (2): calculate a longreal  raised to a longreal power...powr$
                                  number...  rand$m (2): generate a random     
                  (2): set the seed for the  rand$m random number generator...s
                set the seed for the rand$m  random number generator...seed$m (
                     rand$m (2): generate a  random number                     
                          rnd (1): generate  random numbers                    
                                  xref (1):  Ratfor cross reference generator  
                            link (1): build  Ratfor linkage declaration        
                           rf (3): original  Ratfor preprocessor               
                           rp (1): extended  Ratfor preprocessor               
                command file to rp and fc a  Ratfor program...rfc (1):         
                   file to rp, fc, and ld a  Ratfor program...rfl (1): command 
                   compilation facility for  Ratfor programs...sep (1): separat
              t$trac (6): trace routine for  Ratfor programs                   
                          dwrit$ (6): write  raw characters to disk            
                            readf (2): read  raw words from a file             
                           dread$ (6): read  raw words from disk               
                           tread$ (6): read  raw words from the terminal       
                          writef (2): write  raw words to file                 
                          twrit$ (6): write  raw words to terminal             
                   the bottom of a queue...  rbq$xs (4): remove an element from
                        and ld a program...  rcl (3): command file to rf, fc   
                              a relation...  rdatt (1): list the attributes of 
                   value of an attribute...  rdavg (1): compute the average    
                     identical relations...  rdcat (1): concatenate two        
                      rows in a relation...  rdcount (1): count the number of  
                           two relations...  rddiff (1): take the difference of
                           two relations...  rddiv (1): perform the division of


                                         - lix -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                         from a relation...  rdextr (1): extract relation data 
                               relations...  rdint (1): intersect two identical
                                             rdjoin (1): join two relations    
                               data file...  rdmake (1): make a relation from  
                of a specified attribute...  rdmax (1): find the maximum value 
                of a specified attribute...  rdmin (1): find the minimum value 
                   join of two relations...  rdnat (1): perform the natural    
                     relation descriptor...  rdprint (1): print a relation or  
                                             rdproj (1): project a relation    
                                relation...  rdsel (1): select tuples of a     
                                             rdsort (1): sort a relation       
                               attribute...  rdsum (1): sum the values of an   
                  tuples from a relation...  rduniq (1): remove duplicate      
            waiting, and if so, fetch it...  rdy$xs (4): see if character      
                                tgetl$ (6):  read a line from the terminal     
                       string...lsgetf (4):  read an arbitrarily long linked   
                     terminal...tcook$ (6):  read and cook a line from the     
                        limits...quota (1):  read and set disk record quota    
                     terminal...vtread (2):  read characters from a user's     
                                chunk$ (6):  read one chunk of a SEG runfile   
                                getlin (2):  read one line from a file         
                                 readf (2):  read raw words from a file        
                                dread$ (6):  read raw words from disk          
                                tread$ (6):  read raw words from the terminal  
                                vtterm (2):  read terminal characteristics file
                                    file...  readf (2): read raw words from a  
                   t$time (6): obtain clock  readings for profiling            
                     ctor (2): character to  real conversion                   
                          rtoc (2): convert  real value to ASCII string        
                 string to double precision  real...ctod (2): convert          
                          mail (1): send or  receive mail                      
                  (2): force Fortran i/o to  recognize the Subsystem...init$f  
            init$p (2): force Pascal i/o to  recognize the Subsystem           
                   (2): force PL/I G i/o to  recognize the Subsystem...init$plg
               quota (1): read and set disk  record quota limits               
               sort (1): sort ASCII-encoded  records                           
                         vtclr (2): clear a  rectangle on the screen           
                                 stacc (1):  recursive descent parser generator
                reonu$ (6): on-unit for the  REENTER$ condition                
                     xref (1): Ratfor cross  reference generator               
                        rdextr (1): extract  relation data from a relation     
                   (1): print a relation or  relation descriptor...rdprint     
                         rdmake (1): make a  relation from data file           
                       rdprint (1): print a  relation or relation descriptor   
              (1): list the attributes of a  relation...rdatt                  
              count the number of rows in a  relation...rdcount (1):           
               extract relation data from a  relation...rdextr (1):            
                      rdproj (1): project a  relation                          
              rdsel (1): select tuples of a  relation                          
                         rdsort (1): sort a  relation                          
             remove duplicate tuples from a  relation...rduniq (1):            
             (1): concatenate two identical  relations...rdcat                 
            (1): take the difference of two  relations...rddiff                
                perform the division of two  relations...rddiv (1):            
               (1): intersect two identical  relations...rdint                 
                       rdjoin (1): join two  relations                         


                                         - lx -                              




                                                               Permuted Index


            perform the natural join of two  relations...rdnat (1):            
                       vt$rel (6): position  relatively to row, col            
                  mklib (1): convert binary  relocatable to a library          
                                 message...  remark (2): print diagnostic      
               memo (3): automated memo and  reminder system                   
                                 nstat (3):  remote node status command        
                                  status...  remove (2): remove a file, return 
                                remove (2):  remove a file, return status      
                                rmfil$ (6):  remove a file, return status      
                                rmseg$ (6):  remove a segment directory        
                   needed...set_remove (4):  remove a set that is no longer    
                        table...delete (2):  remove a symbol from a symbol     
                                rmtabl (2):  remove a symbol table             
                                rmtemp (2):  remove a temporary file           
                   of a queue...rbq$xs (4):  remove an element from the bottom 
                      a queue...rtq$xs (4):  remove an element from the top of 
                     relation...rduniq (1):  remove duplicate tuples from a    
                            set_delete (4):  remove given element from a set   
                        entry...vt$rdf (6):  remove macro definition of a DFA  
                                vt$ndf (6):  remove VTH macro definition       
                      REENTER$ condition...  reonu$ (6): on-unit for the       
                         for Shell files...  repeat (1): loop control structure
                         string...join (1):  replace newlines with an arbitrary
                            catsub (2): add  replacement text to end of string 
                                   bug (3):  report a bug with system software 
                         file...vt$ier (6):  report error in VTH initialization
                    bugfm (5): format a bug  report                            
                      raid (3): examine bug  reports                           
                                vtstop (2):  reset a user's terminal attributes
                         vtpad (2): pad the  rest of a field with blanks       
                         file...svrest (2):  restore shell variables from a    
                  vars (1): print, save, or  restore shell variables           
                                 article...  retract (1): retract a news       
                               retract (1):  retract a news article            
                        table...lookup (2):  retrieve information from a symbol
                                 prime (4):  retrieve the 'i'th prime number   
            strcmp (2): compare strings and  return 1 2 or 3 for < = or >      
            seterr (2): set Subsystem error  return code                       
              take month, day, and year and  return day-of-year...jdate (2):   
                       a file...finfo$ (6):  return directory information about
                 (1): output error message,  return error code...error         
            riables directory...getvdn (2):  return name of file in user's     
                                patsiz (2):  return size of pattern entry      
                 remove (2): remove a file,  return status                     
                 rmfil$ (6): remove a file,  return status                     
                terminal file...tmark$ (6):  return the current position of a  
                  lexic level...svlevl (2):  return the current shell variable 
                 command unit...gcifu$ (6):  return the current value of the   
                        queue...tsq$xs (4):  return the number of entries in a 
                                dmark$ (6):  return the position of a disk file
                  common area...ttyp$r (6):  return the terminal type from the 
                                gttype (2):  return the user's terminal type   
                      variable...svget (2):  return the value of a shell       
                    information...date (2):  return time, date and other system
                                   swt (2):  return to Software Tools Subsystem
                                 rtn$$ (6):  return to stack frame of call$$   


                                         - lxi -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                     set2...set_subset (4):  return TRUE if set1 is a subset of
            e same members...set_equal (4):  return TRUE if two sets contain   
                                  type (2):  return type of character          
                  information...vtinfo (2):  return VTH common block           
                                    hp (1):  Reverse Polish Notation calculator
                STDOUT...rot (1): rotate or  reverse strings from STDIN to     
                                             rewind (2): rewind a file         
                                rewind (2):  rewind a file                     
                            preprocessor...  rf (3): original Ratfor           
                   rcl (3): command file to  rf, fc and ld a program           
                        a Ratfor program...  rfc (1): command file to rp and fc
                 and ld a Ratfor program...  rfl (1): command file to rp, fc,  
                                  server...  ring (5): network communication   
              terminate currently executing  'ring' process...terminate (3):   
            day/date on all systems running  ring...setime (3): set time of    
                                  status...  rmfil$ (6): remove a file, return 
                               directory...  rmseg$ (6): remove a segment      
                                             rmtabl (2): remove a symbol table 
                                    file...  rmtemp (2): remove a temporary    
                                             rnd (1): generate random numbers  
                    double precision square  root...dsqt$m (2): calculate      
               sqrt$m (2): calculate square  root                              
                    from STDIN to STDOUT...  rot (1): rotate or reverse strings
                 STDIN to STDOUT...rot (1):  rotate or reverse strings from    
                      t$clup (6): profiling  routine called on program exit    
                      t$entr (6): profiling  routine called on subprogram entry
                      t$exit (6): profiling  routine called on subprogram exit 
                          t$trac (6): trace  routine for Ratfor programs       
                memory-to-memory conversion  routine...encode (2): formatted   
                to use semi-formatted input  routine...input (2): easy         
                to use semi-formatted print  routine...print (2): easy         
                 condition handler for math  routines...err$m (2): common error
             (2): move the user's cursor to  row, col...vtmove                 
                (6): position the cursor to  row, col...vt$pos                 
                (6): position relatively to  row, col...vt$rel                 
                   (1): count the number of  rows in a relation...rdcount      
                            preprocessor...  rp (1): extended Ratfor           
                   rfc (1): command file to  rp and fc a Ratfor program        
                   rfl (1): command file to  rp, fc, and ld a Ratfor program   
                            cryptosystem...  rsa (3): toy RSA public-key       
                               rsa (3): toy  RSA public-key cryptosystem       
                                 command...  rtime (3): determine run-time of a
                               of call$$...  rtn$$ (6): return to stack frame  
                            ASCII string...  rtoc (2): convert real value to   
                      the top of a queue...  rtq$xs (4): remove an element from
                        ssr (1): set search  rule                              
                   interpreter...shell (2):  run the Subsystem command         
             clean up after statement count  run...c$end (6):                  
                      for a statement count  run...c$init (6): initialize      
                     ldseg$ (6): load a SEG  runfile into memory               
              (6): call a P300, SEG, or EPF  runfile...call$$                  
               (6): read one chunk of a SEG  runfile...chunk$                  
            time of day/date on all systems  running ring...setime (3): set    
                       rtime (3): determine  run-time of a command             
                     for a subroutine trace  run...t$init (6): initialize      
                         store operation...  s1c$xs (4): protected single-word 


                                        - lxii -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                         store operation...  s2c$xs (4): protected double-word 
                                  object...  sacl (1): set ACL attributes on an
               TRUE if two sets contain the  same members...set_equal (4): retu
                                             save (1): save shell variables    
                           vars (1): print,  save, or restore shell variables  
                                svsave (2):  save shell variables in a file    
                                  save (1):  save shell variables              
                    variables...svscan (2):  scan a user's list of shell       
                                sctabl (2):  scan all symbols in a symbol table
               (1): interface to Prime DBMS  schema compiler...ddlc            
                                 another...  scopy (2): copy one string to     
               place formatted strings into  screen buffers...vtprt (2):       
                (2): put line into terminal  screen buffer...vtputl            
               enable input on a particular  screen line...vtenb (2):          
                     vt$clr (6): send clear  screen sequence                   
             vtupd (2): update the terminal  screen with VTH screen            
                  clear (1): clear terminal  screen                            
                                    se (1):  screen-oriented text editor       
              (2): clear a rectangle on the  screen...vtclr                    
               lines on the user's terminal  screen...vtdlin (2): delete       
               (2): get a line from the VTH  screen...vtgetl                   
               lines on the user's terminal  screen...vtilin (2): insert       
                output a character onto the  screen...vt$out (6):              
               the terminal screen with VTH  screen...vtupd (2): update        
            terminal program on the GT40...  scroll (3): load scrolling        
                    GT40...scroll (3): load  scrolling terminal program on the 
                            symbol table...  sctabl (2): scan all symbols in a 
                        string APL-style...  sdrop (2): drop characters from a 
                                  editor...  se (1): screen-oriented text      
               strbsr (2): perform a binary  search of a string table          
               strlsr (2): perform a linear  search of a string table          
                               ssr (1): set  search rule                       
                                 which (1):  search _search_rule for a command 
                          which (1): search  _search_rule for a command        
                                  cck2 (5):  Second phase of C program checker 
                (2): convert time-of-day to  seconds past midnight...parstm    
                   bit bucket...isnull (2):  see if a file is connected to the 
                           set_element (4):  see if a given element is in a set
                 so, fetch it...rdy$xs (4):  see if character waiting, and if  
                    directory...findf$ (6):  see if file exists in current     
                                  isph (1):  see if process is a phantom       
            generator...seed$m (2): set the  seed for the rand$m random number 
            nd$m random number generator...  seed$m (2): set the seed for the  
                                dseek$ (6):  seek on a disk device             
                                tseek$ (6):  seek on a terminal device         
                         designated word...  seekf (2): position a file to a   
                   call$$ (6): call a P300,  SEG, or EPF runfile               
                         ldseg$ (6): load a  SEG runfile into memory           
            chunk$ (6): read one chunk of a  SEG runfile                       
                  cpseg$ (6): copy one open  segment directory to another      
                       rmseg$ (6): remove a  segment directory                 
            szseg$ (6): size an open Primos  segment directory                 
                 an uninitialized part of a  segment...zmem$ (6): clear        
                (1): Subsystem interlude to  SEG's vpsd...vpsd                 
                                    ek (1):  select erase and kill characters  
                     parameters...term (1):  select individual terminal        


                                        - lxiii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                              basename (1):  select part of a pathname         
                                 rdsel (1):  select tuples of a relation       
                      decision...yesno (1):  selective filter with user        
                              semaphores...  sema (1): manipulate user         
                  sema (1): manipulate user  semaphores                        
                     input (2): easy to use  semi-formatted input routine      
                     print (2): easy to use  semi-formatted print routine      
                        dsdump (2): produce  semi-readable dump of storage     
                     sequence...vt$cel (6):  send a clear to end-of-line       
                                vt$dln (6):  send a delete line sequence       
              all machines...broadcast (3):  send a Primos message to a user on
                                vt$iln (6):  send an insert line sequence      
                                vt$clr (6):  send clear screen sequence        
                          GT40...focld (3):  send FOCAL-GT/RT programs to the  
                                    to (1):  send messages to a logged-in user 
                                  mail (1):  send or receive mail              
               copy STDIN to STDOUT up to a  sentinel...cto (1):               
            facility for Ratfor programs...  sep (1): separate compilation     
                 Ratfor programs...sep (1):  separate compilation facility for 
               lam (1): laminate lines from  separate files                    
                vt$gsq (6): get a delimited  sequence of characters            
                send a clear to end-of-line  sequence...vt$cel (6):            
              vt$clr (6): send clear screen  sequence                          
             vt$dln (6): send a delete line  sequence                          
            vt$iln (6): send an insert line  sequence                          
            ring (5): network communication  server                            
                             news (1): news  service for Subsystem users       
            subscribe to the Subsystem news  service...subscribe (1):          
                  (1): copy user's terminal  session to printer...copyout      
                               variables...  set (1): assign values to shell   
                                  sacl (1):  set ACL attributes on an object   
                                sfdata (2):  set characteristics for a file    
                                sky$xs (4):  set current cpu keys              
                        quota (1): read and  set disk record quota limits      
                        fields...touch (1):  set file date/time modification   
             addset (2): put character in a  set if it fits                    
                    (4): make a copy of one  set in another...set_copy         
                  (2): expand subrange of a  set of characters...dodash        
              terminal handler...vtopt (2):  set options for the virtual       
                file translation and parity  set program...fixp (3):           
                         file...sprot$ (6):  set protection attributes for a   
                                   ssr (1):  set search rule                   
               filset (2): expand character  set, stop at delimiter            
                                seterr (2):  set Subsystem error return code   
                                ttyp$v (6):  set terminal attributes           
                   set_remove (4): remove a  set that is no longer needed      
             number generator...seed$m (2):  set the seed for the rand$m random
                                 svput (2):  set the value of a shell variable 
            tems running ring...setime (3):  set time of day/date on all       
                      set_init (4): cause a  set to be empty                   
                        speed...vtbaud (2):  set vth's concept of the terminal 
             set_subset (4): return TRUE if  set1 is a subset of set2          
                TRUE if set1 is a subset of  set2...set_subset (4): return     
                          set in another...  set_copy (4): make a copy of one  
                     initially empty set...  set_create (4): generate a new,   
                  about the ASCII character  set...cset (1): list information  


                                        - lxiv -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                      element from a set...  set_delete (4): remove given      
                     element is in a set...  set_element (4): see if a given   
            ets contain the same members...  set_equal (4): return TRUE if two 
                             return code...  seterr (2): set Subsystem error   
             on all systems running ring...  setime (3): set time of day/date  
                                   empty...  set_init (4): cause a set to be   
                        element in a set...  set_insert (4): place given       
            ction of two sets in a third...  set_intersect (4): place          
                                stk$xs (4):  set/read stack extension pointer  
                     is no longer needed...  set_remove (4): remove a set that 
                    (4): return TRUE if two  sets contain the same members...se
             (4): place intersection of two  sets in a third...set_intersect   
               (4): place difference of two  sets in a third...set_subtract    
                    (4): place union of two  sets in a third...set_union       
            generate a new, initially empty  set...set_create (4):             
                remove given element from a  set...set_delete (4):             
             see if a given element is in a  set...set_element (4):            
              (4): place given element in a  set...set_insert                  
                set1 is a subset of set2...  set_subset (4): return TRUE if    
                  of two sets in a third...  set_subtract (4): place difference
                         sets in a third...  set_union (4): place union of two 
                              for a file...  sfdata (2): set characteristics   
                     Interpreter (Shell)...  sh (1): Subsystem Command         
                         'shell archive'...  shar (3): put text files into a   
                           snplnk (5): snap  shared library dynamic links      
                               ts (3): time  sheet for hourly employees        
                     command interpreter...  shell (2): run the Subsystem      
            shar (3): put text files into a  'shell archive'                   
                                    bs (5):  shell backstop program            
                                   bs1 (5):  shell backstop program            
               case (1): case statement for  shell files                       
             (1): conditional statement for  Shell files...if                  
            (1): loop control structure for  Shell files...repeat              
            elif (1): else-if construct for  Shell programs                    
                level...svdel (2): delete a  shell variable at the current     
            ic level...svmake (2): create a  shell variable at the current     
              (2): dump the contents of the  shell variable common...svdump    
             svlevl (2): return the current  shell variable lexic level        
                        svrest (2): restore  shell variables from a file       
                           svsave (2): save  shell variables in a file         
                           csv (5): convert  shell variables to new format     
                        declare (1): create  shell variables                   
                        forget (1): destroy  shell variables                   
                             save (1): save  shell variables                   
                  set (1): assign values to  shell variables                   
                 (2): scan a user's list of  shell variables...svscan          
               (1): print, save, or restore  shell variables...vars            
                 (2): return the value of a  shell variable...svget            
              svput (2): set the value of a  shell variable                    
              Subsystem Command Interpreter  (Shell)...sh (1):                 
               pass a command to the Primos  shell...sys$$ (2):                
                      control characters...  show (3): print a file showing    
                     show (3): print a file  showing control characters        
                     command interpreter...  shtrace (1): trace activity in    
                 (3): basic computer system  simulator...basys                 
             dmach (3): Burroughs D-machine  simulator                         


                                         - lxv -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


              asin$m (2): calculate inverse  sine                              
                   double precision inverse  sine...dasn$m (2): calculate      
            (2): calculate double precision  sine...dsin$m                     
                double precision hyperbolic  sine...dsnh$m (2): calculate      
                  (2): calculate hyperbolic  sine...sinh$m                     
                       sin$m (2): calculate  sine                              
                        gklarg (2): parse a  single key-letter argument        
                 vt$get (6): get and edit a  single line from input            
                 omatch (2): try to match a  single pattern element            
            dix string...gitoc (2): convert  single precision integer to any   
                          chkarg (2): parse  single-letter arguments           
                      s1c$xs (4): protected  single-word store operation       
                                    sine...  sinh$m (2): calculate hyperbolic  
                                             sin$m (2): calculate sine         
             cross-assembler object code...  size (3): calculate size of       
                   descriptor...szfil$ (6):  size an open Primos file          
                    directory...szseg$ (6):  size an open Primos segment       
                                 fsize (1):  size any file system structure    
                 code...size (3): calculate  size of cross-assembler object    
                         patsiz (2): return  size of pattern entry             
                 (2): perform existence and  size tests on a file...filtst     
                (1): convert text to banner  size...banner                     
                                             sky$xs (4): set current cpu keys  
                 a Primos file name; escape  slashes...upkfn$ (6): unpack      
                                    file...  slice (1): slice out a chunk of a 
                                 slice (1):  slice out a chunk of a file       
                                snplnk (5):  snap shared library dynamic links 
                           dynamic links...  snplnk (5): snap shared library   
               if character waiting, and if  so, fetch it...rdy$xs (4): see    
                               history (1):  Software Tools Subsystem historian
                        Guides...guide (1):  Software Tools Subsystem User's   
                         swt (2): return to  Software Tools Subsystem          
                       (extended)...ed (1):  Software Tools text editor        
             macro (1): macro language from  Software Tools                    
              (3): report a bug with system  software...bug                    
                               solitaire...  sol (3): play a friendly game of  
               (3): play a friendly game of  solitaire...sol                   
                            phone (3): find  someone's telephone number        
                                 records...  sort (1): sort ASCII-encoded      
                                rdsort (1):  sort a relation                   
                                  sort (1):  sort ASCII-encoded records        
             (1): print lines common to two  sorted files...common             
                     tsort (1): topological  sort                              
                   command or subroutine...  source (1): print source for a    
               locate (1): locate subsystem  source code                       
                          source (1): print  source for a command or subroutine
                 dbg (1): invoke the Primos  source level debugger (DBG)       
                                             sp (1): line printer spooler      
                       lsallo (4): allocate  space for a linked string         
             lsdump (4): dump linked string  space for debugging               
            (2): initialize dynamic storage  space...dsinit                    
              (1): summarize available disk  space...hd                        
             lsfree (4): free linked string  space                             
              (4): initialize linked string  space...lsinit                    
              (1): convert tabs to multiple  spaces...detab                    
            vt$db1 (6): print mnemonics for  special characters                


                                        - lxvi -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


             (2): look for pattern match at  specific location...amatch        
                find the maximum value of a  specified attribute...rdmax (1):  
                find the minimum value of a  specified attribute...rdmin (1):  
               (3): list files opened for a  specified user...lfo              
                  case statement...out (1):  specify default alternative in a  
              vth's concept of the terminal  speed...vtbaud (2): set           
                                  errors...  speling (1): detect spelling      
                         spelling errors...  spell (1): check for possible     
                        speling (1): detect  spelling errors                   
              spell (1): check for possible  spelling errors                   
                                             sph (5): system phantom processor 
                (3): optimize printing on a  Spinwriter...sprint               
              splc (1): interface to Primos  SPL compiler                      
              splcl (1): compile and load a  SPL program                       
                                compiler...  splc (1): interface to Primos SPL 
                                 program...  splcl (1): compile and load a SPL 
               (1): format, overstrike, and  spool a document...fos            
               (6): open a disk file in the  spool queue...lopen$              
                       sp (1): line printer  spooler                           
                              Spinwriter...  sprint (3): optimize printing on a
                   attributes for a file...  sprot$ (6): set protection        
                                             sqrt$m (2): calculate square root 
            (2): calculate double precision  square root...dsqt$m              
                      sqrt$m (2): calculate  square root                       
                                             ssr (1): set search rule          
                        parser generator...  stacc (1): recursive descent      
                       stk$xs (4): set/read  stack extension pointer           
                       rtn$$ (6): return to  stack frame of call$$             
                        string APL-style...  stake (2): take characters from a 
               des (3): NBS Data Encryption  Standard Implementation           
                             copy (1): copy  standard input to standard output 
            quote (1): enquote strings from  standard input                    
               (1): print last n lines from  standard input...tail             
               cal (3): print a calendar on  standard output                   
                (1): copy standard input to  standard output...copy            
                             mapsu (2): map  standard unit to file descriptor  
                  c$end (6): clean up after  statement count run               
               c$init (6): initialize for a  statement count run               
                             case (1): case  statement for shell files         
                        if (1): conditional  statement for Shell files         
                increment count for a given  statement...c$incr (6):           
              fi (1): terminate conditional  statement                         
               command file flow-of-control  statement...goto (1):             
                            st_profile (1):  statement-level profile           
              default alternative in a case  statement...out (1): specify      
                include (1): expand include  statements                        
                until (1): terminate a loop  statement                         
            (1): flag alternative in a case  statement...when                  
                           stats (1): print  statistical measures              
                (1): mark the end of a case  statment...esac                   
                                measures...  stats (1): print statistical      
                     nstat (3): remote node  status command                    
             systat (1): check on Subsystem  status directories                
              (2): display a message in the  status line...vtmsg               
                      lps (1): line printer  status monitor                    
                            mon (3): system  status monitor                    


                                        - lxvii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                  ns (3): print out network  status                            
                 (2): remove a file, return  status...remove                   
                 (6): remove a file, return  status...rmfil$                   
                              in pattern...  stclos (2): insert closure entry  
                              cto (1): copy  STDIN to STDOUT up to a sentinel  
             rotate or reverse strings from  STDIN to STDOUT...rot (1):        
                     cto (1): copy STDIN to  STDOUT up to a sentinel           
              reverse strings from STDIN to  STDOUT...rot (1): rotate or       
                       extension pointer...  stk$xs (4): set/read stack        
                                  lookup...  st$lu (6): internal symbol table  
                                             stop (1): exit from subsystem     
                 (2): expand character set,  stop at delimiter...filset        
              (6): dump contents of dynamic  storage block...dsdbiu            
             dsinit (2): initialize dynamic  storage space                     
              produce semi-readable dump of  storage...dsdump (2):             
               (2): free a block of dynamic  storage...dsfree                  
             (2): obtain a block of dynamic  storage...dsget                   
                 (4): protected single-word  store operation...s1c$xs          
                 (4): protected double-word  store operation...s2c$xs          
                                 profile...  st_profile (1): statement-level   
                search of a string table...  strbsr (2): perform a binary      
            return 1 2 or 3 for < = or >...  strcmp (2): compare strings and   
            como (1): divert command output  stream                            
             prom programmer down-line load  stream...imi (3): generate IMI    
                  and tabs from a string...  strim (2): trim trailing blanks   
                (1): take characters from a  string (APL style)...take         
                (1): drop characters from a  string (APL-style)...drop         
                (2): drop characters from a  string APL-style...sdrop          
                (2): take characters from a  string APL-style...stake          
                                   cmp (1):  string comparison                 
                        chkstr (2): check a  string for printable characters   
             lsextr (4): extract contiguous  string from linked string         
                           vt$put (6): copy  string into terminal buffer       
                 lscut (4): divide a linked  string into two linked strings    
                      ffind (1): look for a  string (kmp style)                
                  putlit (2): write literal  string on a file                  
                    lsdump (4): dump linked  string space for debugging        
                    lsfree (4): free linked  string space                      
              lsinit (4): initialize linked  string space                      
               perform a binary search of a  string table...strbsr (2):        
               perform a linear search of a  string table...strlsr (2):        
                        scopy (2): copy one  string to another                 
                          ctod (2): convert  string to double precision real   
                (2): convert EOS-terminated  string to EOS-terminated string...
                   ptoc (2): convert packed  string to EOS-terminated string   
             vtoc (2): convert PL/I varying  string to EOS-terminated string   
                    ctoi (2): convert ascii  string to integer                 
             lsmake (4): convert contiguous  string to linked string           
                    ctol (2): convert ascii  string to long integer            
                (2): convert EOS-terminated  string to packed string...ctop    
             vtop (2): convert PL/I varying  string to packed string           
                   ptov (2): convert packed  string to PL/I varying string     
                (2): convert EOS-terminated  string to varying string...ctov   
                 lscmpk (4): compare linked  string with contiguous string     
               (2): convert an address to a  string...atoc                     
             add replacement text to end of  string...catsub (2):              


                                       - lxviii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                   string to EOS-terminated  string...ctoc (2): convert EOS-ter
            EOS-terminated string to packed  string...ctop (2): convert        
                          string to varying  string...ctov (2): convert EOS-ter
            double precision value to ASCII  string...dtoc (2): convert        
                  program named by a quoted  string...execn (2): execute       
            template into an EOS-terminated  string...expand (2): convert a    
             precision integer to any radix  string...gitoc (2): convert single
             precision integer to any radix  string...gltoc (2): convert double
             find index of a character in a  string...index (1):               
             find index of a character in a  string...index (2):               
               convert integer to character  string...itoc (2):                
                 newlines with an arbitrary  string...join (1): replace        
               length (2): find length of a  string                            
                allocate space for a linked  string...lsallo (4):              
              linked string with contiguous  string...lscmpk (4): compare      
                    lscopy (4): copy linked  string                            
            delete characters from a linked  string...lsdel (4):               
              drop characters from a linked  string...lsdrop (4):              
              contiguous string from linked  string...lsextr (4): extract      
             (4): get character from linked  string...lsgetc                   
            read an arbitrarily long linked  string...lsgetf (4):              
                lsins (4): insert in linked  string                            
              (4): compute length of linked  string...lslen                    
                contiguous string to linked  string...lsmake (4): convert      
               (4): find position in linked  string...lspos                    
                put character into a linked  string...lsputc (4):              
                 an arbitrarily long linked  string...lsputf (4): write        
               take a substring of a linked  string...lssubs (4):              
              take characters from a linked  string...lstake (4):              
                  long integer to character  string...ltoc (2): convert        
              maksub (2): make substitution  string                            
                  mapstr (2): map case of a  string                            
            packed string to EOS-terminated  string...ptoc (2): convert        
              packed string to PL/I varying  string...ptov (2): convert        
                convert real value to ASCII  string...rtoc (2):                
               = or >...strcmp (2): compare  strings and return 1 2 or 3 for < 
                     equal (2): compare two  strings for equality              
                         quote (1): enquote  strings from standard input       
                 rot (1): rotate or reverse  strings from STDIN to STDOUT      
                 vtprt (2): place formatted  strings into screen buffers       
              length (1): compute length of  strings                           
             lscomp (4): compare two linked  strings                           
            a linked string into two linked  strings...lscut (4): divide       
                lsjoin (4): join two linked  strings                           
            trailing blanks and tabs from a  string...strim (2): trim          
                 (1): take a substring of a  string...substr                   
               (2): take a substring from a  string...substr                   
                   string to EOS-terminated  string...vtoc (2): convert PL/I va
              PL/I varying string to packed  string...vtop (2): convert        
                search of a string table...  strlsr (2): perform a linear      
                   repeat (1): loop control  structure for Shell files         
            fsize (1): size any file system  structure                         
              ACL information into a Primos  structure...mkpacl (6): encode    
                 ACL information into a SWT  structure...mksacl (6): encode    
                (1): look for a string (kmp  style)...ffind                    
              characters from a string (APL  style)...take (1): take           


                                        - lxix -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                profiling routine called on  subprogram entry...t$entr (6):    
                profiling routine called on  subprogram exit...t$exit (6):     
                         dodash (2): expand  subrange of a set of characters   
               t$init (6): initialize for a  subroutine trace run              
            (6): catch a break for the page  subroutine...pg$brk               
              print source for a command or  subroutine...source (1):          
              interface to Prime DBMS Cobol  subschema compiler...csubc (1):   
            interface to Prime DBMS Fortran  subschema compiler...fsubc (1):   
                  Subsystem news service...  subscribe (1): subscribe to the   
                   service...subscribe (1):  subscribe to the Subsystem news   
              (1): interface to Primos PL/I  subset G compiler...plgc          
               (1): compile and load a PL/I  subset G program...plgcl          
              (4): return TRUE if set1 is a  subset of set2...set_subset       
                           maksub (2): make  substitution string               
                                  string...  substr (1): take a substring of a 
                                a string...  substr (2): take a substring from 
                         substr (2): take a  substring from a string           
              if appropriate...esc (2): map  substring into escaped character  
                         lssubs (4): take a  substring of a linked string      
                         substr (1): take a  substring of a string             
                     command interpreter...  subsys (2): call the Subsystem    
                          (Shell)...sh (1):  Subsystem Command Interpreter     
                         shell (2): run the  Subsystem command interpreter     
                       subsys (2): call the  Subsystem command interpreter     
               background...ph (1): execute  subsystem commands in the         
                           dmpcm$ (6): dump  Subsystem common areas            
                     icomn$ (6): initialize  Subsystem common areas            
                            seterr (2): set  Subsystem error return code       
                   Pascal file variables to  Subsystem files...file$p (2): conn
                history (1): Software Tools  Subsystem historian               
                   hist (1): manipulate the  subsystem history mechanism       
                           phist (1): print  Subsystem history                 
                    installation (1): print  Subsystem installation name       
                       ATCH$$...at$swt (6):  Subsystem interlude to Primos     
                                  vpsd (1):  Subsystem interlude to SEG's vpsd 
                     ioinit (6): initialize  Subsystem I/O areas               
            subscribe (1): subscribe to the  Subsystem news service            
                     init (2): initialize a  Subsystem program                 
                         locate (1): locate  subsystem source code             
                       systat (1): check on  Subsystem status directories      
                  guide (1): Software Tools  Subsystem User's Guides           
                 news (1): news service for  Subsystem users                   
             (1): interface to Primos batch  subsystem...batch                 
                  bye (1): log out from the  Subsystem                         
               Fortran i/o to recognize the  Subsystem...init$f (2): force     
                Pascal i/o to recognize the  Subsystem...init$p (2): force     
                PL/I G i/o to recognize the  Subsystem...init$plg (2): force   
                        stop (1): exit from  subsystem                         
              (2): return to Software Tools  Subsystem...swt                   
                       tscan$ (6): traverse  subtree of the file system        
                        uniq (1): eliminate  successive identical lines        
                                 rdsum (1):  sum the values of an attribute    
                                    hd (1):  summarize available disk space    
                           usage (1): print  summary of command syntax         
                                 pause (1):  suspend command interpretation    
                    at the current level...  svdel (2): delete a shell variable


                                         - lxx -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


               the shell variable common...  svdump (2): dump the contents of  
                          shell variable...  svget (2): return the value of a  
              shell variable lexic level...  svlevl (2): return the current    
            e at the current lexic level...  svmake (2): create a shell        
                          shell variable...  svput (2): set the value of a     
                   variables from a file...  svrest (2): restore shell         
                               in a file...  svsave (2): save shell variables  
                         shell variables...  svscan (2): scan a user's list of 
                               Subsystem...  swt (2): return to Software Tools 
                     execute (3): execute a  SWT command on another machine    
              encode ACL information into a  SWT structure...mksacl (6):       
                       delete (2): remove a  symbol from a symbol table        
                           enter (2): place  symbol in symbol table            
                        st$lu (6): internal  symbol table lookup               
                (2): remove a symbol from a  symbol table...delete             
                 enter (2): place symbol in  symbol table                      
                retrieve information from a  symbol table...lookup (2):        
                         mktabl (2): make a  symbol table                      
                       rmtabl (2): remove a  symbol table                      
                 (2): scan all symbols in a  symbol table...sctabl             
                  (3): print cross-assembly  symbol table...symbols            
                            symbol table...  symbols (3): print cross-assembly 
                       sctabl (2): scan all  symbols in a symbol table         
              (1): print summary of command  syntax...usage                    
                            Primos shell...  sys$$ (2): pass a command to the  
                      status directories...  systat (1): check on Subsystem    
             who (3): find out who's on the  system and where they are         
                return time, date and other  system information...date (2):    
               ACL information about a file  system object...lacl (1): List    
                                   sph (5):  system phantom processor          
                  basys (3): basic computer  system simulator                  
                 bug (3): report a bug with  system software                   
                                   mon (3):  system status monitor             
                   fsize (1): size any file  system structure                  
                automated memo and reminder  system...memo (3):                
                set time of day/date on all  systems running ring...setime (3):
               traverse subtree of the file  system...tscan$ (6):              
                         file descriptor...  szfil$ (6): size an open Primos   
                       segment directory...  szseg$ (6): size an open Primos   
                 st$lu (6): internal symbol  table lookup                      
              remove a symbol from a symbol  table...delete (2):               
                (2): place symbol in symbol  table...enter                     
                  information from a symbol  table...lookup (2): retrieve      
                  mktabl (2): make a symbol  table                             
                rmtabl (2): remove a symbol  table                             
               scan all symbols in a symbol  table...sctabl (2):               
                a binary search of a string  table...strbsr (2): perform       
                a linear search of a string  table...strlsr (2): perform       
            vt$db2 (6): dump terminal input  tables                            
                  garbage collection on DFA  tables...vt$dsw (6): perform      
                print cross-assembly symbol  table...symbols (3):              
            allocate another VTH definition  table...vt$alc (6):               
                 (6): dump macro definition  table...vt$db3                    
              (2): trim trailing blanks and  tabs from a string...strim        
                         detab (1): convert  tabs to multiple spaces           
            (1): convert multiple blanks to  tabs...entab                      


                                        - lxxi -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


                          standard input...  tail (1): print last n lines from 
                      string (APL style)...  take (1): take characters from a  
                                substr (2):  take a substring from a string    
                       string...lssubs (4):  take a substring of a linked      
                                substr (1):  take a substring of a string      
                       string...lstake (4):  take characters from a linked     
                         style)...take (1):  take characters from a string (APL
                     APL-style...stake (2):  take characters from a string     
            return day-of-year...jdate (2):  take month, day, and year and     
                    relations...rddiff (1):  take the difference of two        
              atan$m (2): calculate inverse  tangent                           
                   double precision inverse  tangent...datn$m (2): calculate   
            (2): calculate double precision  tangent...dtan$m                  
                double precision hyperbolic  tangent...dtnh$m (2): calculate   
                  (2): calculate hyperbolic  tangent...tanh$m                  
                       tan$m (2): calculate  tangent                           
                                 tangent...  tanh$m (2): calculate hyperbolic  
                                             tan$m (2): calculate tangent      
                    ap (3): Generate Object  Tape for A & P M6800 Monitor      
                           mt (1): magnetic  tape interface                    
               generate Intel format object  tape...intel (3):                 
            generate Motorola format object  tape...mot (3):                   
                (3): decode Unix tar format  tapes...ptar                      
                      ptar (3): decode Unix  tar format tapes                  
                   words, lines, pages) ...  tc (1): text counter (characters, 
                  called on program exit...  t$clup (6): profiling routine     
                       from the terminal...  tcook$ (6): read and cook a line  
                                             tee (1): tee fitting for pipelines
                                   tee (1):  tee fitting for pipelines         
                                  moot (3):  teleconference manager            
                  phone (3): find someone's  telephone number                  
                             wallclock (3):  tell the time in a big way        
                       display templates...  template (1): manipulate and      
              ldtmp$ (6): load the per-user  template area                     
             (6): look up a template in the  template directory...lutemp       
                      lutemp (6): look up a  template in the template directory
             string...expand (2): convert a  template into an EOS-terminated   
                         gtemp (2): parse a  template into name and definition 
                (1): manipulate and display  templates...template              
                       mktemp (2): create a  temporary file                    
                       rmtemp (2): remove a  temporary file                    
              called on subprogram entry...  t$entr (6): profiling routine     
                     terminal parameters...  term (1): select individual       
                   gtattr (2): get a user's  terminal attributes               
                            ttyp$v (6): set  terminal attributes               
                 vtstop (2): reset a user's  terminal attributes               
               vt$put (6): copy string into  terminal buffer                   
                           vtterm (2): read  terminal characteristics file     
                            vt$db (6): dump  terminal characteristics          
                     vtinit (2): initialize  terminal characteristics          
                      tseek$ (6): seek on a  terminal device                   
                  the current position of a  terminal file...tmark$ (6): return
                set options for the virtual  terminal handler...vtopt (2):     
                      chkinp (2): check for  terminal input availability       
                          tip (1): check if  terminal input is pending         
                           vt$db2 (6): dump  terminal input tables             


                                        - lxxii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


              tquit$ (2): check for pending  terminal interrupt                
                term (1): select individual  terminal parameters               
                 scroll (3): load scrolling  terminal program on the GT40      
                  vtputl (2): put line into  terminal screen buffer            
                      vtupd (2): update the  terminal screen with VTH screen   
                           clear (1): clear  terminal screen                   
            (2): delete lines on the user's  terminal screen...vtdlin          
            (2): insert lines on the user's  terminal screen...vtilin          
                   copyout (1): copy user's  terminal session to printer       
              (2): set vth's concept of the  terminal speed...vtbaud           
                     ttyp$r (6): return the  terminal type from the common area
                  ttyp$q (6): query for the  terminal type from the user       
              gttype (2): return the user's  terminal type                     
             ttyp$l (6): list the available  terminal types                    
                term_type (1): print user's  terminal type                     
              ttyp$f (6): obtain the user's  terminal type                     
                      vt$del (6): delay the  terminal with nulls               
                  proper editor for current  terminal...e (1): invoke          
                if a file is connected to a  terminal...isatty (2): test       
              read and cook a line from the  terminal...tcook$ (6):            
                  (6): read a line from the  terminal...tgetl$                 
              tputl$ (6): put a line on the  terminal                          
               (6): read raw words from the  terminal...tread$                 
             twrit$ (6): write raw words to  terminal                          
              read characters from a user's  terminal...vtread (2):            
                (1): find the location of a  terminal...whereis                
                executing 'ring' process...  terminate (3): terminate currently
                                 until (1):  terminate a loop statement        
                  makpat (2): make pattern,  terminate at delimiter            
                                    fi (1):  terminate conditional statement   
            'ring' process...terminate (3):  terminate currently executing     
                          files...exit (1):  terminate execution of command    
                           terminal type...  term_type (1): print user's       
                              declared (1):  test for declared variables       
                                isadsk (2):  test if a file is a disk file     
                     terminal...isatty (2):  test if a file is connected to a  
                                  file (1):  test information about a file     
                    identities...group (1):  test or list a users group        
            (2): perform existence and size  tests on a file...filtst          
               called on subprogram exit...  t$exit (6): profiling routine     
                   lines, pages) ...tc (1):  text counter (characters, words,  
                            otd (3): object  text dumper                       
                     ed (1): Software Tools  text editor (extended)            
              (2): invoke the line-oriented  text editor...edit                
                    se (1): screen-oriented  text editor                       
                              shar (3): put  text files into a 'shell archive' 
                                   fmt (1):  text formatter                    
                        banner (1): convert  text to banner size               
                         block (3): convert  text to block letters             
                catsub (2): add replacement  text to end of string             
                                terminal...  tgetl$ (6): read a line from the  
                    then (1): introduce the  then-part of a conditional        
              intersection of two sets in a  third...set_intersect (4): place  
                difference of two sets in a  third...set_subtract (4): place   
               place union of two sets in a  third...set_union (4):            
                                             time (1): print time-of-day       


                                       - lxxiii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


             information...date (2): return  time, date and other system       
                                  cron (3):  time driven command processor     
                    wallclock (3): tell the  time in a big way                 
             running ring...setime (3): set  time of day/date on all systems   
                              gtod (1): get  time of day                       
                                    ts (3):  time sheet for hourly employees   
                 (1): print accumulated cpu  time...ctime                      
                         clock (1): digital  time-of-day clock for CRTs        
             midnight...parstm (2): convert  time-of-day to seconds past       
                            time (1): print  time-of-day                       
                    subroutine trace run...  t$init (6): initialize for a      
                              is pending...  tip (1): check if terminal input  
                                             tlit (1): transliterate characters
             position of a terminal file...  tmark$ (6): return the current    
                      history (1): Software  Tools Subsystem historian         
                        guide (1): Software  Tools Subsystem User's Guides     
                swt (2): return to Software  Tools Subsystem                   
                           ed (1): Software  Tools text editor (extended)      
               macro language from Software  Tools...macro (1):                
                 (4): add an element to the  top of a queue...atq$xs           
            (4): remove an element from the  top of a queue...rtq$xs           
                                 tsort (1):  topological sort                  
                     modification fields...  touch (1): set file date/time     
                                   rsa (3):  toy RSA public-key cryptosystem   
                                terminal...  tputl$ (6): put a line on the     
                      terminal interrupt...  tquit$ (2): check for pending     
                 interpreter...shtrace (1):  trace activity in command         
                                t$trac (6):  trace routine for Ratfor programs 
                initialize for a subroutine  trace run...t$init (6):           
                   string...strim (2): trim  trailing blanks and tabs from a   
                 microprogram translator...  translang (3): D-Machine          
                   to mnemonic...ctomn (2):  translate ASCII control character 
                             fixp (3): file  translation and parity set program
                (3): D-Machine microprogram  translator...translang            
                                  tlit (1):  transliterate characters          
                       system...tscan$ (6):  traverse subtree of the file      
                            the terminal...  tread$ (6): read raw words from   
                       mkpa$ (6): convert a  treename into a pathname          
             (6): convert a pathname into a  treename...mktr$                  
            mktree (1): convert pathname to  treename                          
                      a string...strim (2):  trim trailing blanks and tabs from
                     set_subset (4): return  TRUE if set1 is a subset of set2  
            members...set_equal (4): return  TRUE if two sets contain the same 
                                             trunc (2): truncate a file        
                                 trunc (2):  truncate a file                   
                         means...guess (5):  try to guess what command the user
                      element...omatch (2):  try to match a single pattern     
                               employees...  ts (3): time sheet for hourly     
                         the file system...  tscan$ (6): traverse subtree of   
                                  device...  tseek$ (6): seek on a terminal    
                                             tsort (1): topological sort       
                      entries in a queue...  tsq$xs (4): return the number of  
                           for profiling...  t$time (6): obtain clock readings 
                         Ratfor programs...  t$trac (6): trace routine for     
                           terminal type...  ttyp$f (6): obtain the user's     
                          terminal types...  ttyp$l (6): list the available    


                                        - lxxiv -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                      type from the user...  ttyp$q (6): query for the terminal
               type from the common area...  ttyp$r (6): return the terminal   
                              attributes...  ttyp$v (6): set terminal          
               rduniq (1): remove duplicate  tuples from a relation            
                          rdsel (1): select  tuples of a relation              
                                terminal...  twrit$ (6): write raw words to    
                                             type (2): return type of character
            ttyp$r (6): return the terminal  type from the common area         
                (6): query for the terminal  type from the user...ttyp$q       
                           type (2): return  type of character                 
            (2): return the user's terminal  type...gttype                     
                list the available terminal  types...ttyp$l (6):               
                 (1): print user's terminal  type...term_type                  
            (6): obtain the user's terminal  type...ttyp$f                     
                    program (Unix-style)...  ucc (1): compile and load a C     
                        zmem$ (6): clear an  uninitialized part of a segment   
                       set_union (4): place  union of two sets in a third      
                         identical lines...  uniq (1): eliminate successive    
                    mapsu (2): map standard  unit to file descriptor           
               current value of the command  unit...gcifu$ (6): return the     
                         unoct (3): convert  UNIX 'od' output to binary        
                           ptar (3): decode  Unix tar format tapes             
               compile and load a C program  (Unix-style)...ucc (1):           
                        output to binary...  unoct (3): convert UNIX 'od'      
                      slashes...upkfn$ (6):  unpack a Primos file name; escape 
                        produced by kwic...  unrot (1): 'un-rotate' output     
                          kwic...unrot (1):  'un-rotate' output produced by    
                    VTH screen...vtupd (2):  update the terminal screen with   
                    name; escape slashes...  upkfn$ (6): unpack a Primos file  
               mapup (2): fold character to  upper case                        
                                             us (1): list users of the Prime   
                          command syntax...  usage (1): print summary of       
                         input (2): easy to  use semi-formatted input routine  
                         print (2): easy to  use semi-formatted print routine  
                        whois (1): find the  user associated with a login name 
                 (1): selective filter with  user decision...yesno             
                 (5): convert pre-Version 9  user list to Version 9 format...cv
              try to guess what command the  user means...guess (5):           
            (3): send a Primos message to a  user on all machines...broadcast  
             close files opened by the last  user program...cof$ (6):          
                       sema (1): manipulate  user semaphores                   
                         vt$idf (6): invoke  user-defined key definition       
                        kill (3): log out a  user                              
               files opened for a specified  user...lfo (3): list              
                       vfyusr (2): validate  username                          
                       vtmove (2): move the  user's cursor to row, col         
                  group (1): test or list a  users group identities            
              (1): Software Tools Subsystem  User's Guides...guide             
                 help (1): provide help for  users in need                     
                         svscan (2): scan a  user's list of shell variables    
                      login_name (1): print  user's login name                 
                               us (1): list  users of the Prime                
                            line (1): print  user's process id                 
                          gtattr (2): get a  user's terminal attributes        
                        vtstop (2): reset a  user's terminal attributes        
            vtdlin (2): delete lines on the  user's terminal screen            


                                        - lxxv -                             




                                                               Permuted Index


            vtilin (2): insert lines on the  user's terminal screen            
                          copyout (1): copy  user's terminal session to printer
                     gttype (2): return the  user's terminal type              
                       term_type (1): print  user's terminal type              
                     ttyp$f (6): obtain the  user's terminal type              
                (2): read characters from a  user's terminal...vtread          
                (2): return name of file in  user's variables directory...getvd
            (1): news service for Subsystem  users...news                      
               send messages to a logged-in  user...to (1):                    
             for the terminal type from the  user...ttyp$q (6): query          
                a macro definition from the  user...vt$def (6): accept         
                                vfyusr (2):  validate username                 
                     gvlarg (2): obtain the  value of a key-letter argument    
                      svget (2): return the  value of a shell variable         
                         svput (2): set the  value of a shell variable         
                rdmax (1): find the maximum  value of a specified attribute    
                rdmin (1): find the minimum  value of a specified attribute    
             rdavg (1): compute the average  value of an attribute             
             gcifu$ (6): return the current  value of the command unit         
              (2): convert double precision  value to ASCII string...dtoc      
                     rtoc (2): convert real  value to ASCII string             
                         rdsum (1): sum the  values of an attribute            
                            set (1): assign  values to shell variables         
                  svdel (2): delete a shell  variable at the current level     
            el...svmake (2): create a shell  variable at the current lexic     
             dump the contents of the shell  variable common...svdump (2):     
              (2): return the current shell  variable lexic level...svlevl     
              return name of file in user's  variables directory...getvdn (2): 
                  svrest (2): restore shell  variables from a file             
                     svsave (2): save shell  variables in a file               
                     csv (5): convert shell  variables to new format           
            file$p (2): connect Pascal file  variables to Subsystem files      
                  declare (1): create shell  variables                         
            declared (1): test for declared  variables                         
                  forget (1): destroy shell  variables                         
                       save (1): save shell  variables                         
            set (1): assign values to shell  variables                         
                scan a user's list of shell  variables...svscan (2):           
              print, save, or restore shell  variables...vars (1):             
                return the value of a shell  variable...svget (2):             
              (2): set the value of a shell  variable...svput                  
                             dump (1): dump  various internal data bases       
                         shell variables...  vars (1): print, save, or restore 
            string...vtoc (2): convert PL/I  varying string to EOS-terminated  
                     vtop (2): convert PL/I  varying string to packed string   
                   EOS-terminated string to  varying string...ctov (2): convert
              convert packed string to PL/I  varying string...ptov (2):        
                               generator...  vcg (1): Prime V-mode code        
                       vcgdump (1): display  'vcg' input files                 
                                   files...  vcgdump (1): display 'vcg' input  
                         iota (1): generate  vector of integers                
                 pre-Version 9 user list to  Version 9 format...cvusr (5): conv
                                             vfyusr (2): validate username     
             vtopt (2): set options for the  virtual terminal handler          
                             vcg (1): Prime  V-mode code generator             
                              SEG's vpsd...  vpsd (1): Subsystem interlude to  


                                        - lxxvi -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


               Subsystem interlude to SEG's  vpsd...vpsd (1):                  
                        definition table...  vt$alc (6): allocate another VTH  
                      the terminal speed...  vtbaud (2): set vth's concept of  
                    end-of-line sequence...  vt$cel (6): send a clear to       
                              the screen...  vtclr (2): clear a rectangle on   
                                sequence...  vt$clr (6): send clear screen     
                         characteristics...  vt$db (6): dump terminal          
                      special characters...  vt$db1 (6): print mnemonics for   
                                  tables...  vt$db2 (6): dump terminal input   
                                   table...  vt$db3 (6): dump macro definition 
                definition from the user...  vt$def (6): accept a macro        
                              with nulls...  vt$del (6): delay the terminal    
                  user's terminal screen...  vtdlin (2): delete lines on the   
                                sequence...  vt$dln (6): send a delete line    
                collection on DFA tables...  vt$dsw (6): perform garbage       
                  particular screen line...  vtenb (2): enable input on a      
                                 message...  vt$err (6): display a VTH error   
                         line from input...  vt$get (6): get and edit a single 
                              VTH screen...  vtgetl (2): get a line from the   
                  sequence of characters...  vt$gsq (6): get a delimited       
                         vtinfo (2): return  VTH common block information      
               vt$alc (6): allocate another  VTH definition table              
                      vt$err (6): display a  VTH error message                 
                vt$ier (6): report error in  VTH initialization file           
                         vt$ndf (6): remove  VTH macro definition              
            vtgetl (2): get a line from the  VTH screen                        
            update the terminal screen with  VTH screen...vtupd (2):           
                    speed...vtbaud (2): set  vth's concept of the terminal     
                          key definition...  vt$idf (6): invoke user-defined   
                     initialization file...  vt$ier (6): report error in VTH   
                  user's terminal screen...  vtilin (2): insert lines on the   
                                sequence...  vt$iln (6): send an insert line   
                       block information...  vtinfo (2): return VTH common     
                         characteristics...  vtinit (2): initialize terminal   
                             to row, col...  vtmove (2): move the user's cursor
                         the status line...  vtmsg (2): display a message in   
                              definition...  vt$ndf (6): remove VTH macro      
            ing to EOS-terminated string...  vtoc (2): convert PL/I varying    
                 string to packed string...  vtop (2): convert PL/I varying    
                virtual terminal handler...  vtopt (2): set options for the    
                         onto the screen...  vt$out (6): output a character    
                             with blanks...  vtpad (2): pad the rest of a field
                                row, col...  vt$pos (6): position the cursor to
                     into screen buffers...  vtprt (2): place formatted strings
                         terminal buffer...  vt$put (6): copy string into      
                           screen buffer...  vtputl (2): put line into terminal
               definition of a DFA entry...  vt$rdf (6): remove macro          
                         user's terminal...  vtread (2): read characters from a
                                row, col...  vt$rel (6): position relatively to
                     terminal attributes...  vtstop (2): reset a user's        
                    characteristics file...  vtterm (2): read terminal         
                  screen with VTH screen...  vtupd (2): update the terminal    
               rdy$xs (4): see if character  waiting, and if so, fetch it      
                                 big way...  wallclock (3): tell the time in a 
                (3): tell the time in a big  way...wallclock                   
                            day (1): day of  week                              


                                       - lxxvii -                            




                                                               Permuted Index


                out who's on the system and  where they are...who (3): find    
                              a terminal...  whereis (1): find the location of 
                               a command...  which (1): search _search_rule for
            associated with a login name...  whois (1): find the user          
                    are...who (3): find out  who's on the system and where they
                                             wind (2): position to end of file 
            sponding to month, day, year...  wkday (2): get day-of-week        
                          getwrd (2): get a  word from a line buffer           
                        readf (2): read raw  words from a file                 
                       dread$ (6): read raw  words from disk                   
                       tread$ (6): read raw  words from the terminal           
             (1): text counter (characters,  words, lines, pages) ...tc        
                      writef (2): write raw  words to file                     
                      twrit$ (6): write raw  words to terminal                 
            position a file to a designated  word...seekf (2):                 
                             pwd (3): print  working directory name            
                       string...lsputf (4):  write an arbitrarily long linked  
                                putdec (2):  write decimal integer to a file   
                                putlit (2):  write literal string on a file    
                                dwrit$ (6):  write raw characters to disk      
                                writef (2):  write raw words to file           
                                twrit$ (6):  write raw words to terminal       
                                    file...  writef (2): write raw words to    
                                             x (1): execute Primos commands    
                          Prime compiler...  xcc (1): compile a C program with 
                               C program...  xccl (1): compile and load a Prime
                               generator...  xref (1): Ratfor cross reference  
            jdate (2): take month, day, and  year and return day-of-year       
               corresponding to month, day,  year...wkday (2): get day-of-week 
                           user decision...  yesno (1): selective filter with  
                       part of a segment...  zmem$ (6): clear an uninitialized 



























                                       - lxxviii -                           


