
HDSNGANDSUPUNSH 

SԠ-SԠHŠBKADDSSNϠ'N'AG'

SPà 
SԠNP 
DAAG 
SZAAG0?
MPSԬɠNϠ-Ԡ(ԠHASANADDSS 
DAPN 
SAAGSԠʠAGPN
SBMNPMԠASPAŠҠUUŠ'MP' 
MPSԬɠ 
SPà 

DSN-SԠҠANUNDNDDNҬ
DSԠ-SԠҠANUNDNDDNҠ
ƠNԠUNDPNԠANҠDAG.

ԠϠ
.UNADDSS+ƠDNҠUND
.UNADDSS+ƠDNҠS
NԠUND(..'SUNDND.

SPà 
DNNPNYϠ'DSN' 
DB-UNADD.ϠB 
AA0 
SBDSѠSԠUNADDSS 
MPDSNҠMANUNŠMH 
SPà 
DSѠNPNYϠ'DS'SH 
ANAA 
SPà 
DSDB.YPŠMANUNŠSSHŠ
PBYUDSDN.UNDND?
MPDSYSGϠϠ 
SPà 
DB.BVNϬSԠBKV
PBBK.BVBK?
MP+3YSDSAYDND 
SZBNϬ.BV0? 
MPDSNϬԬDSUNDƠHSBK
SPà 
SZASSSADAGNSàAND? 
MPDSѬɠNϠ-Ԡ(UNADDҠ+ 
SPà 
SBAGɠPNԠҠDAGNSà 
Dà(UNDNDDN.PDHũ
MPDSѬɠԠ(UNADDҠ+
SPà 
DSSZDSѠDNDDNҠ-ԠSUP-
MPDSѬɠԠ(UNADDҠ+
HDADDANNYϠ'SU'(NSԩH 

NSԠ-NSԠANNYNϠHŠSUƠABŠ
NNY:
AG.ADDSSƠNAMŠBUҠ
BG.NSԠ$NԠBŠ$ADDҠ.
BG.0DNԠUSŠ$NԠ

$BԠBԠ5ƠNϠD
$BԠBԠƠNϠD
$YPŠNYYPŠ
$ADDҠNNSƠDABVŠNϠD
$NԠNNSƠDABVŠ$ADDҠ
N:
AG.$NϠ 

$NN.ƠDSNHŠNY
$NϠSU(ADDSSƠNϠD

SPà 
NSҠNP 
SB$NNAZŠ$N(Ҡ0
SB$NϠ$NϽMP.'B'AG 
SPà 
DB$BԠSԠUPNϠDHŪ
B̠BԠN-SHԠҠB
ADB$BԠGԠB
B̬BƠSHԠ5ҠNYYP
ADB$YPŠGԠNYYP
BƠSHԠҠBKV 
ADB$BVGԠBKV 
B̬BƠSHԠ5ҠNYNGH
SBԠSԠNϠD 
SPà 
DBABADDSSƠNAMŠBU
DABɠGԠSԠDNBU
ANDHMSKAҠҠ(AN.ƠHAS 
AƬAƠN.HASϠҠA 
AS(N.ƠHAS
NA 
SA++N.ƠDSƠNAM 
ADA.+ 
ADA$N+$NN.DSNNY 
SA$NPUԠԠN$N 
ADAԠADDNϠDϠNGH 
SAԠNϠDNנMPŠANDS
SPà 
DA$N 
ADASUƠA'NƠNנNY
MASԠUPҠMPASNHSAK
ADASP
SSAHKҠV
MPVϠNϠMŠMҠABS
SPà 
DA+AN.ƠDSNNAM 
MANA 
SA++MP.ƠN.ƠDS
SZSUƠPHŠϠSŠNAMŠN
DABɠNY.
SASUƬ 
SZBBUMPNAMŠPN 
SZ+SԠA̠SD? 
MP-5NϠ-GϠBAKANDPAԠP. 
SPà 
SZSUƠBUMP'SU'
DA$NϠGԠ$NԠSŠAG
DB$N 
SZAS$NԠϠBŠSD?
SBSUƬɠYSSŠ 
SZAAS$NԠSD? 
SZSUƠYSBUMP'SU'
DA$ADD 
SASUƬɠSŠ$ADD 
SZSUƠBUMPSU
DA 
SASUƬɠSŠNϠD 
DASU 
SA$NϠ$NϠSU 
MPNSҬɠԠNSԠUN 
HD'PUNHBNAYD'SUBUN.H

PNH-UPUԠPNBUƠVAPUNHUPUԠDVҠ
.MPUŠHKSUM.
.PUNHNNSƠBU.
3.AҠPUNHBU(PNBUƩϠZS
NPUԠ
DUN(DNGHNҠHAƠ
ƠAN'PNBU'.
'PUNH'̠PSNԠҠBNAYMAԪ

SPà 
PNHNP 
DAPNG 
SZASSSPUNHAGSԠ?
MPPNH5SKPϠԠƠNϠPUNHNG
SPà 
DAPNBUƠGԠHŠDUN 
MANA 
SAHNBSԠDDUN
NA 
SAԠSԠHKSUMDUN
DAUBNP 
SABSԠBàƠPNBU 
DAPNBU 
AƬA 
SAPNBUƠPSNDUNԠNPNBU 
AA_0
SPà 
MPUŠANDSŠHKSUMHŠ 
SPà 
NB 
ADAB 
SZԠSASԠDN?
MP-3NϬGԠNԠN.
SPà 
SԠUPPAAMSҠNYϠPUNHDVҠ 
SPà 
SAPNBU+SŠHKSUM 
DAHNBDUNԠϠA 
DBUBNPBUƠNϠB 
SB03BɠPUNHDVҠNYHŪ
SPà 
PNH5ASԠA0
SAPNBUƠAҠDUN 
SAPNBU+ANDHKSUMANS. 
MPPNH
HDSAKUNS
HŠSAKUNSN̠PANƠHŠMP
SAK.HŠAŠUNS: 

PUSH---ADDSHŠMNԠNAϠHŠSAK 
SAK---MVSABKƠVAUSNϠHŠSAK
UNSK---VSABKMHŠSAK 
SPà 
PUSHѠNPNYϠPUSH 
BND
ADBSPSAK
PBSUƠHKҠSAKV
MPVϠNϠMŠMҠABS
SBSP
SASPɠPUSHVAUŠNϠSAK
MPPUSHѬ 
SPà 
SAKSADAԠHŠBGNNNGƠVYNANԠUN
NDҠϠSAVŠSPVUSVAABS.HŠANG 
SUNŠS:
MPSBSSN 
PGNPNYPN
SBSAK 
DƠMPS 
BAKSBUNSK 

SAK̠SAVŠVYHNGMMPSHUGHPG.HN
HŠUNŠSDNŠPSSNGԠSHUDMYUMP
BAK.UNSK̠SŠHŠMPASANDPMH 
UNUMP.
SPà 
SAѠNPNYϠSAK
SAԠSAVŠAAND
SB+BGSS.
DA.-MPUŠADDSSƠA̠
ADASAѠSAKANDSAVŠNSԱ.
SԲSASԱ 
DASԱɠGԠVAABŠANDPUSH 
SBPUSHѠNϠSAK. 
DASԱGԠADDSSƠHA
PASAѬɠVAABŠANDSԠҠDN. 
MP+3A̠DN
ADA.-DBUMPPNҠANDP.
MPSԲ 
DAԠS 
DB+AB.
SZSA 
SZSA 
MPSAѬ 
SPà 
UNSѠNPNYϠUNSK
SAԠSAVŠA
SB+B 
DBUNSѠGԠADDSSƠPGAM
ADB.-NYPNԠSAVŠNSԱ.
SBSԱ 
ADB.+NנGԠADDSSƠBGNNNG
DBɠƠBK. 
S3DASPɠVŠPVUSVAUS. 
SZSP
SA 
PBSԱƠHSSSԱŠHAVŠHŠUN
MP+3ADDSS 
NBHSŬBUMPBANDP
MPS3 
DB+SŠBGS 
SA+SAVŠUNADDSSN+
DAԠSŠAGS. 
MP+ɠUNUMPHUGHHŠUN.
SԱBSSMPAYUSDBYSAKANDUNSAK. 
HDPSS'SH'DAANH 

SGN-NҠ'SH'DNҠNϠ'SU'
ANDGNAŠHŠNSSAYBԠDŠ
ҠPSSNGHŠABSAԠUNMŠ

SPà 
SGNSBSԬɠSԠҠ'MP'AUNDDAAV
DAYSԠASHYP 
BB0(NϠBԩ 
SBHNAAҠSHUN
SBSNGϠϠSUPҠNYϠNS
SPà 
SBNSԬɠGϠNҠSHNϠSU
SBMNPMԠANP
SPà 
DASHGԠ'NƠ.SHUN
SBMSBMԠ'SB.SH'
SPà 
DAPNҠGԠUNԠPGAM'N 
SAHSASAVŠԠNHSA
SBMNPMԠASPAŠҠHŠAB̠UN
SPà 
SBSANBɠGԠNԠSYMB 
PASŠSԠANAנ?
MPSGNYS-GϠNϠNԠSYMB
SPà 
SBAGɠNϠ-PNԠҠ50 
Dà50'AנҠ:PDNSH'
MPBKɠSANϠMNAҠHNϠBñ.
SPà 
SGNSBSANBɠGԠNԠSYMB 
PADABSԠAAB̠NY?
MP+YS-SKPҠDAGB 
SPà 
SBAGɠNϠ-PNԠҠ5 
Dà5'AB̠NYPDNSH'
MPSGN 
SPà 
SZHNABUMPAB̠UN
DA.NϠAADDSSƠAB̠NY
SBMDƠMԠHŠAB'SADDSS
SPà 
SGNSBSANBɠGԠHA.Ҡ''S
PAMMAMMA?
MPSGNYS-GϠBAKҠNԠSYMB 
SBSMԬɠNϠ-GϠSԠҠ''
SPà 
UPUԠHŠNUMBҠƠABSBAKNBʠDŠSAM 
SPà 
DBHSA'NƠMSSN 
SBMSԠPPAŠϠMԠAN''UԠƠN 
DAHNANNԠƠ''
SBMԠMԠHŠ''H
SBMSԠSŠHŠPNҠH 
SPà 
MPHBKɠԠϠBñMSGN
HDPSSHŠ'AB'DAANH 

BGN-SԠUPAAB̠ҠNYNHŠSYMB̠ABŠ

SPà 
BGNSBSԬɠSԠҠ'MP'AUNDDAAV
SPà 
BGNDADABSԠAAB̠YP
DB.+SԠBDVAUŠ(ҠBԩ
SBSNGϠϠSUPVAUSҠAB
SPà 
SBNSԬɠGϠNSԠAB̠NϠSU
SPà 
SBMNPMԠA'NP'AԠUMP(ϩADDSS
SPà 
BGNSBSANBɠGԠNԠSYMB 
PAMMASԠAMMA?
SSYSSKPNԠNSUN 
ԠMAB̠UNŠHŠ
MPSBKɠSMNSԠHNBñ
SPà 
SBSANBɠSANҠNԠSYMB
SBDSNɠSԠҠGA̠VAAB 
MPBGNDDND(BADGϠҠNԠD
MPBGNDUNDND(K
SKP 
NSSANUMBҠNAϠSŠƠԠSBN 
ϠHҠNUMBS.
A:DA 
SBN 
ABSY 
ABSZ 
UNƠY<<Z 
UNƠN 
ѠNPNYPN.
DBѬɠB_Y 
MBNBB_-Y
SZ 
ADB0B_-Y 
SSBSKPƠY<
MP+5AS 
DB0B_ 
MBNBB_-
ADBѬɠB_Z- 
SSBSKP<Z 
SZѠASKPҠAU
SZѠAAYSAԠASԠNŠSKP
MPѬ 
SPà 
AAB̠BSS5AH'SPVAŠSAK 
BAAUNDƠAAB
SPà3 

ADDMMPSDŠҠHŠADDNƠHŠPSAKPANDS.

ADDMNP 
SBMAYPɠMAHYPS 
SBMUԬɠMMUŠƠPSSB.
DBAPɠGԠADDSS
BŬBƠAPN.
DAɠGԠAP 
AŬANϠD. 
PANϠƠANSANԬ 
SS 
MPNN 
ADB.-3SԠϠSŠ
DAɠ'S 
NBZϬAND 
ҠɠDϠNADA 
SZASS
MPADDS. 
NNSBDɠŠSԠPAN
DƠAND
DAAPɠSԠYPS
SSASS 
MPADN 

DAADMԠSBAD
SBMSB 
SBDƬɠMԠD 
DƠAP
ADDSBDԬɠD
MPADDMɠUN

ADNԠDAADDPMԠADA
SBMM
MPADD
HDPSSA'VAAB'DAANH 
 
DGN-GNAŠAANҠA 
VAABŠNBASŠPAGŬ( 
ANSƠA̠VAABŠ 
 
SPà 
DGN0SBSANBɠϠSANN
SBDSԬ 
MPDGN5VAABŠDNDҠBV0
SPà 
DGNDABNҠNҠDPSSҠHŪ
SAHSASAVŠUNԠBNҠVAUŠ('HSA'
BSԠB0(ҠSN 
DAH
PAA̠SVA'B̠A? 
NBYSSԠB(ҠSN
PAA̠SVA'B̠A? 
SZHSAYSADDϠ'HSA' 
SZHSAADDϠ'HSA'
SPà 
DAYVAҠSUPҠSNYPŠVAAB
SBSN'B'ASSԠABV
DBBN 
SB$ADDҠSԠ$ADDҠBN 
BB0(ҠNϠ$Nԩ
SBNSԬɠGϠNSԠNYNϠSU
SPà 
DGN5SBSANBɠGԠNԠSYMB 
PASŠSԠ'A'Ҡ':'? 
MPDGN3YSGϠϠNSANԠPSS 
DBHSANϠ-
SBBNҠSԠB.P.NUN 
SAHSASԠҠUN 
SBMҠϠŠBASŠPAGŠD 
DAHSANSSAY. 
SPà 
DGNPAMMASSYMB̠AMMA?
MPDGN0YSGϠGԠNԠVAAB 
SBSMԬɠNϠ-SŠƠ'SDN 
MPDGNGϠϠԠPSSNG 
SPà 
DGN3SBNUMBҬɠGԠANUMBҠҠNA̠VA 
SSAUŠ--NϠNUMBҠH
MPDGN9GԠHŠNUMB 
SBSNDSANϠMNA
SPà 
DGNSBMҠSԠϠPNҠMD 
MPHBKɠԠϠBñ 
SPà 
DGN9SBMBSԠPUNHϠBNҠMD 
SBHNԠUPUԠHŠNUMB(Mԩ 
SBSANBɠSANҠNԠSYMB
MPDGNGϠϠSԠҠMMA
HDPSS'UA'DAANH 
 
GN-PSSDNSUAD 
ϠNSANS 
 
SPà 
GN0SBSANBɠGԠSYMB̠NGHŠMMA
SBDSԬɠGϠSԠҠDN
MPGN3DNDD-GϠϠԠSUP 
SPà 
GNDASUƠNҠ'U'PSSҠHŪ 
SAHAҠSAVŠ'SU'PN
DAYUA(NYYPũUA
BB0(BԠSNG
SB$NԠAҠ$N 
SBSNGϠSԠUPPAAMSҠNS 
SB$ADDҠ$ADDҠ0 
BNB$NԠ0BUԠPSN
SBNSԬɠGϠNSԠVAABŠNϠAB 
SBSANBɠGԠNԠSYMB 
PASŠSԠ'A'Ҡ':'? 
MPGN5YS 
SBAGɠNϠ-Ҡ5
Dà5'AנҠ:PD' 
SPà 
GNDAHA 
SASUƠSԠSU(PSUԠBADNY
SPà 
GN3MPBKɠSANϠMNAҠHNϠBñ.
SPà 
GN5SBNUMBҬɠGԠHŠUAŠVAUŠ(MG 
MPGNAUŠԠ(MG 
SPà 
DBSU 
ADB.-SԠBϠPNԠAԠ(SU-
DADNUM+ 
SABɠSŠNSAN(NGҠҠ̩
ADB.- 
DA.NϬɠGԠNϠD 
ŬAPUԠ''BԠNϠ
DADNUM 
SZSԠҠA̠NSAN
SABɠSŠASԠA̠N
DASUƬ 
A̬ASԠBԠNϠNϠD 
SASUƬɠPAŠNϠD 
SBSANBɠGԠNԠSYMB 
PAMMASԠAMMA?
MPGN0YS 
MPSBKɠSMNSԠHNBñ
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            