# 2.11BSD#431 - /usr/man/cat1/as.0

    AS(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		    AS(1)

    NAME
         as - assembler

    SYNOPSIS
         as [ -u ] [ -V ] [ -o objfile ] file ...

    DESCRIPTION
         As assembles the concatenation of the named files.  The
         options are:

         -u   Treat all undefined symbols in the assembly as external
    	  globals.

         -V   Produce an object suitable for loading into an
    	  automatic text overlaid program.

         -o   Use objfil for the name of the resultant object.  If
    	  this is omitted, a.out is used.  If no errors occurred
    	  during the assembly and if there were no unresolved
    	  external references, it is made executable.

         The special file name -- serves two purposes.  It signals
         the end of all options and causes stdin to be read for
         input.  Thus it is now possible to pipe data to the assem-
         bler:

         /lib/cpp -E foo.s | sed -e ';^#;/;' | as -o foo.o --

         The file name -- may be placed between normal files, when
         EOF is detected on stdin the next file in the argument list
         is opened and read.

         If no input files are specified then stdin is read.

    FILES
         /tmp/atm1 temporary
         a.out     object

    SEE ALSO
         adb(1), ld(1), nm(1), a.out(5)
         UNIX Assembler Manual by D. M. Ritchie

    DIAGNOSTICS
         When an input file cannot be read, its name followed by a
         question mark is typed and assembly ceases.  When syntactic
         or semantic errors occur, a single-character diagnostic is
         typed out together with the line number and the file name in
         which it occurred.  Errors in pass 1 cause cancellation of
         pass 2.  The possible errors are:

         )	Parentheses error
         ]	Parentheses error

    Printed 11/26/99						1

    AS(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		    AS(1)

         <	String not terminated properly
         *	Indirection used illegally
         .	Illegal assignment to `.'
         a	Error in address
         b	Branch instruction is odd or too remote
         e	Error in expression
         f	Error in local (`f' or `b') type symbol
         g	Garbage (unknown) character
         i	End of file inside an if
         m	Multiply defined symbol as label
         o	Word quantity assembled at odd address
         p	`.' different in pass 1 and 2
         r	Relocation error
         u	Undefined symbol
         x	Syntax error

    BUGS
         Syntax errors can cause incorrect line numbers in following
         diagnostics.

    Printed 11/26/99						2

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