# 2.11BSD#431 - /usr/man/cat1/f77.0

    F77(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		   F77(1)

    NAME
         f77 - Fortran77 compiler

    SYNTAX
         f77 [ option ] ... file ...

    DESCRIPTION
         F77 is the UNIX Fortran77 compiler.  It accepts several
         types of arguments:

         Arguments whose names end with `.f' are taken to be For-
         tran77 source programs; they are compiled, and each object
         program is left on the file in the current directory whose
         name is that of the source with `.o' substituted for '.f'.

         Arguments whose names end with `.r' or `.e' are taken to be
         Ratfor or EFL source programs, respectively; these are first
         transformed by the appropriate preprocessor, then compiled
         by f77.

         In the same way, arguments whose names end with `.c' or `.s'
         are taken to be C or assembly source programs and are com-
         piled or assembled, producing a `.o' file.

         The following options have the same meaning as in cc(1).
         See ld(1) for load-time options.

         -c   Suppress loading and produce `.o' files for each source
    	  file.

         -p   Prepare object files for profiling, see prof(1)

         -O   Invoke an object-code optimizer.

         -S   Compile the named programs, and leave the assembler-
    	  language output on corresponding files suffixed `.s'.
    	  (No `.o' is created.).

         -f   Use a floating point interpreter (for PDP11's that lack
    	  11/70-style floating point).

         -o output
    	  Name the final output file output instead of `a.out'.

         The following options are peculiar to f77:

         -onetrip
    	  Compile DO loops that are performed at least once if
    	  reached.  (Fortran77 DO loops are not performed at all
    	  if the upper limit is smaller than the lower limit.)

         -u   Make the default type of a variable `undefined' rather

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    F77(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		   F77(1)

    	  than using the default Fortran rules.

         -C   Compile code to check that subscripts are within
    	  declared array bounds.

         -w   Suppress all warning messages.  If the option is
    	  `-w66', only Fortran 66 compatibility warnings are
    	  suppressed.

         -F   Apply EFL and Ratfor preprocessor to relevant files,
    	  put the result in the file with the suffix changed to
    	  `.f', but do not compile.

         -m   Apply the M4 preprocessor to each `.r' or `.e' file
    	  before transforming it with the Ratfor or EFL prepro-
    	  cessor.

         -Ex  Use the string x as an EFL option in processing `.e'
    	  files.

         -Rx  Use the string x as a Ratfor option in processing `.r'
    	  files.

         -U   Do not convert upper case letters to lower case.

         -I2  Make default integer size 16 bit.

         -I4  Make default integer size 32 bit (default).

         -v   Verbose.  Print information showing what compiler is
    	  doing.

         -d   Debug prints out intermediate information, leaves tem-
    	  porary files in /tmp and often produces a core file.

         Other arguments are taken to be either loader option argu-
         ments, or F77-compatible object programs, typically produced
         by an earlier run, or perhaps libraries of F77-compatible
         routines.	These programs, together with the results of any
         compilations specified, are loaded (in the order given) to
         produce an executable program with name `a.out'.

    FILES
         file.[fresc]	 input file
         file.o		 object file
         a.out		 loaded output
         /usr/libexec/f77pass1compiler pass 1
         /lib/c1		 compiler pass 2
         /lib/c2		 optional optimizer
         /usr/lib/libF77.a	 intrinsic function library
         /usr/lib/libI77.a	 Fortran I/O library
         /usr/lib/libU77.a	 Fortran system call library

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    F77(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		   F77(1)

         /lib/libc.a	 C library, see section 3
         /temp/fortPID.[xsad SopzA]temporary files

         Different versions of the compiler tools may be used with
         the following flags followed immediately (no space) by the
         path name of the desired module:

         -T1	pass1		 /lib/f77pass1
         -T2	pass2		 /lib/c1
         -Ta	assembler	 /bin/as
         -Tl	loader		 /bin/ld
         -TF	footname	 /lib/crt0.o
         -TM	macro pack	 m4

    SEE ALSO
         S. I. Feldman, P. J. Weinberger, A Portable Fortran77 Com-
         piler
         cc(1), ld(1), prof(1)

    DIAGNOSTICS
         The diagnostics produced by f77 itself are intended to be
         self-explanatory.	Occasional messages may be produced by
         the loader.

         -d   causes the intermediate files to be saves in /tmp and
    	  causes the compiler to print out what it is doing.

         Run-time diagnostics for the input/output library are as
         follows:

         /* 100 */	"error in format"
    				 See error message output for the location
    				 of the error in the format. Can be caused
    				 by more than 10 levels of nested (), or
    				 an extremely long format statement.

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    F77(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		   F77(1)

         /* 101 */	"illegal unit number"
    				 It is illegal to close logical unit 0.
    				 Negative unit numbers are not allowed.
    				 The upper limit is system dependent.

         /* 102 */	"formatted io not allowed"
    				 The logical unit was opened for
    				 unformatted I/O.

         /* 103 */	"unformatted io not allowed"
    				 The logical unit was opened for
    				 formatted I/O.

         /* 104 */	"direct io not allowed"
    				 The logical unit was opened for sequential
    				 access, or the logical record length was
    				 specified as 0.

         /* 105 */	"sequential io not allowed"
    				 The logical unit was opened for direct
    				 access I/O.

         /* 106 */	"can't backspace file"
    				 The file associated with the logical unit
    				 can't seek. May be a device or a pipe.

         /* 107 */	"off beginning of record"
    				 The format specified a left tab off the
    				 beginning of the record.

         /* 108 */	"can't stat file"
    				 The system can't return status information
    				 about the file. Perhaps the directory is
    				 unreadable.

         /* 109 */	"no * after repeat count"
    				 Repeat counts in list-directed I/O must be
    				 followed by an * with no blank spaces.

         /* 110 */	"off end of record"
    				 A formatted write tried to go beyond the
    				 logical end-of-record. An unformatted read
    				 or write will also cause this.

         /* 111 */	"truncation failed"
    				 The truncation of external sequential files
    				 on 'close', 'backspace', or 'rewind' tries
    				 to do a copy. It failed. Perhaps the temp
    				 file couldn't be created.

         /* 112 */	"incomprehensible list input"

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    F77(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		   F77(1)

    				 List input has to be just right.

         /* 113 */	"out of free space"
    				 The library dynamically creates buffers for
    				 internal use. You ran out of memory for this.
    				 Your program is too big!

         /* 114 */	"unit not connected"
    				 The logical unit was not open.

         /* 115 */	"read unexpected character"
    				 Certain format conversions can't tolerate
    				 non-numeric data. Logical data must be
    				 T or F.

         /* 116 */	"blank logical input field"

         /* 117 */	"'new' file exists"
    				 You tried to open an existing file with
    				 "status='new'".

         /* 118 */	"can't find 'old' file"
    				 You tried to open a nonexistent file
    				 with "status='old'".

         /* 119 */	"unknown system error"
    				 Shouldn't happen, but .....
    				 (Send me a documented example.)

         /* 120 */	"requires seek ability"
    				 Direct access requires seek ability.
    				 Sequential unformatted I/O requires seek
    				 ability on the file due to the special
    				 data structure required. Tabbing left
    				 also requires seek ability.

         /* 121 */	"illegal argument"
    				 Certain arguments to 'open', etc. will be
    				 checked for legitimacy. Often only non-
    				 default forms are looked for.

         /* 122 */	"negative repeat count"

         /* 123 */	"illegal operation for channel or device"

    BUGS
         The Fortran66 subset of the language has been exercised
         extensively; the newer features have not.

         Fortran style read/write routines take up 23 Kbytes of
         addressing space.

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    F77(1)		    UNIX Programmer's Manual		   F77(1)

         The compiler is not intelligent enough to know when to split
         up assemblies and loads. Occasionally this causes the loader
         ld(1) to produce the informative local symbol botch error
         message when local symbols like argument names are defined
         with different types. Thus one must split up such offensive
         modules into separate compilations.

         All mathematics for reals is done in double precision.
         Integer*4 byte alignment is unlike DEC and everyone else's.
         There is no symbolic debugger.

         The optimizer should be used with caution.  It is known to
         occasionally produce incorrect code.

    EXAMPLES
         f77  -O  -c  myprog.f
    	  creates myprog.o using C optimizer

         f77  -i  -O myprog.f  another.f  anon.o  -lplot
    	  compiles .f files, loads all files using separate i&d
    	  space and linking in routines in the plot library.

         f77 myprog.f  mine.c  >&errors
    	  Compiles and loads both files putting error output into
    	  file called errors. This is the C shell (csh) version.
    	  The Bourne shell (sh) version is:

         f77  myprog.f  mine.c  2>errors  1>errors

    Printed 11/26/99						6

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