# 2.11BSD#431 - /usr/man/cat1/login.0

    LOGIN(1)	    UNIX Programmer's Manual		 LOGIN(1)

    NAME
         login - sign on

    SYNOPSIS
         login [ -p ] [ username ]

    DESCRIPTION
         The login command is used when a user initially signs on, or
         it may be used at any time to change from one user to
         another.  The latter case is the one summarized above and
         described here.  See "How to Get Started" for how to dial up
         initially.

         If login is invoked without an argument, it asks for a user
         name, and, if appropriate, a password.  Echoing is turned
         off (if possible) during the typing of the password, so it
         will not appear on the written record of the session.

         After a successful login, accounting files are updated and
         the user is informed of the existence of mail.  The message
         of the day is printed, as is the time of his last login.
         Both are suppressed if he has a ".hushlogin" file in his
         home directory; this is mostly used to make life easier for
         non-human users, such as uucp.

         Login initializes the user and group IDs and the working
         directory, then executes a command interpreter (usually
         csh(1)) according to specifications found in a password
         file.  Argument 0 of the command interpreter is the name of
         the command interpreter with a leading dash ("-").

         Login also modifies the environment environ(7) with informa-
         tion specifying home directory, command interpreter, termi-
         nal type (if available) and user name.  The `-p' argument
         causes the remainder of the environment to be preserved,
         otherwise any previous environment is discarded.

         If the file /etc/nologin exists, login prints its contents
         on the user's terminal and exits. This is used by shut-
         down(8) to stop users logging in when the system is about to
         go down.

         Login is recognized by sh(1) and csh(1) and executed
         directly (without forking).

    FILES
         /var/run/utmp	accounting
         /usr/adm/wtmp	accounting
         /usr/spool/mail/*	mail
         /etc/motd		message-of-the-day
         /etc/passwd	password file
         /etc/nologin	stops logins

    Printed 11/26/99	November 27, 1996			1

    LOGIN(1)	    UNIX Programmer's Manual		 LOGIN(1)

         .hushlogin         makes login quieter

    SEE ALSO
         init(8), getty(8), mail(1), passwd(1), passwd(5),
         environ(7), shutdown(8), rlogin(1c)

    DIAGNOSTICS
         "Login incorrect," if the name or the password is bad.
         "No Shell", "cannot open password file", "no directory":
         consult a programming counselor.

    BUGS
         An undocumented option, -r is used by the remote login
         server, rlogind(8C) to force login to enter into an initial
         connection protocol.  -h is used by telnetd(8C) and other
         servers to list the host from which the connection was
         received.

    Printed 11/26/99	November 27, 1996			2

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