## AS1802 Assembler

######

Last Updated: January 2006

####

    ACKNOWLEDGMENT

         Thanks  to  Shujen  Chen for his contribution of the AS1802
    cross assembler.

            Shujen Chen
            DeVry University
            Tinley Park, IL
            schen at tp dot devry dot edu

####

    1802 REGISTER SET

    The following is a list of the 1802 registers used by AS1802:

            r0-r15  -       8-bit registers
            sp      -       register r2
            pc      -       register r3
            call    -       register r4
            return  -       register r5
            argr    -       register r6

    1802 INSTRUCTION SET

         The  following tables list all 1802 mnemonics recognized by
    the AS1802 assembler.  The designation [] refers to  a  required
    addressing  mode  argument.   The  following  list specifies the
    format for each addressing mode supported by AS1802:

            #data           immediate data
                            byte or word data

            expr            expression

            Rn              register addressing

            label           branch label

    The terms data, expr, and label may be expressions.

       Note  that  not all addressing modes are valid with every in-
    struction, refer to the 1802 technical data for valid modes.

    1802 Inherent Instructions

            adc             add             and
            dis             idl             irx
            ldx             ldxa            lsdf
            lsie            lskp            lsnf
            lsnq            lsnz            lsq
            lsz             mark            nop
            or              req             ret
            rshl            rshr            sav
            sd              sdb             seq
            shl             shlc            shr
            shrc            skp             sm
            smb             stxd            xor

    1802 Short Branch Instructions

            b1      label           b2      label
            b3      label           b4      label
            bdf     label           bge     label
            bl      label           bm      label
            bn1     label           bn2     label
            bn3     label           bn4     label
            bnf     label           bnq     label
            bnz     label           bpz     label
            bq      label           br      label
            bz      label           nbr     label

    1802 Long Branch Instructions

            lbdf    label           lbnf    label
            lbnq    label           lbnz    label
            lbq     label           lbr     label
            lbz     label           nlbr    label

    1802 Immediate Instructions

            adci    #data           adi     #data
            ani     #data           ldi     #data
            ori     #data           sdbi    #data
            sdi     #data           smbi    #data
            smi     #data           xri     #data

    1802 Register Instructions

            dec     Rn              ghi     Rn
            glo     Rn              inc     Rn
            lda     Rn              ldn     Rn
            phi     Rn              plo     Rn
            sep     Rn              sex     Rn
            str     Rn
            inp     expr
            out     expr

####

    CDP1802 COSMAC Microprocessor Instruction Set Summary

            ----------------------------------------------------------------
            |                                                              |
            |                                                              |
            |                             RCA                              |
            |                                                              |
            |               1     88888      000      22222                |
            |              11    8     8    0   0    2     2               |
            |               1    8     8   0   0 0        2                |
            |               1     88888    0  0  0     222                 |
            |               1    8     8   0 0   0    2                    |
            |               1    8     8    0   0    2                     |
            |              111    88888      000     2222222               |
            |                                                              |
            |    CDP1802 COSMAC Microprocessor Instruction Set Summary     |
            |                                                              |
            |                                                              |
            |                                                              |
            |                                                              |
            |Written by     Jonathan Bowen                                 |
            |               Programming Research Group                     |
            |               Oxford University Computing Laboratory         |
            |               8-11 Keble Road                                |
            |               Oxford OX1 3QD                                 |
            |               England                                        |
            |                                                              |
            |               Tel +44-865-273840                             |
            |                                                              |
            |Created        August 1981                                    |
            |Updated        April 1985                                     |
            |Issue          1.3                Copyright (C) J.P.Bowen 1985|
            ----------------------------------------------------------------

####

            ----------------------------------------------------------------
            |                                                              |
            |             CDP1802 COSMAC Microprocessor Pinout             |
            |                                                              |
            |                    _________    _________                    |
            |                  _|         \__/         |_                  |
            |       --> CLOCK |_|1                   40|_| Vdd             |
            |            ____  _|                      |_  ____            |
            |        --> WAIT |_|2                   39|_| XTAL -->        |
            |           _____  _|                      |_  ______          |
            |       --> CLEAR |_|3                   38|_| DMA IN <--      |
            |                  _|                      |_  _______         |
            |           <-- Q |_|4                   37|_| DMA OUT <--     |
            |                  _|                      |_  _________       |
            |         <-- SC1 |_|5                   36|_| INTERRUPT <--   |
            |                  _|                      |_  ___             |
            |         <-- SC0 |_|6                   35|_| MWR <--         |
            |             ___  _|                      |_                  |
            |         <-- MRD |_|7                   34|_| TPA -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_                  |
            |      <--> BUS 7 |_|8                   33|_| TPB -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_                  |
            |      <--> BUS 6 |_|9                   32|_| MA7 -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_                  |
            |      <--> BUS 5 |_|10       1802       31|_| MA6 -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_                  |
            |      <--> BUS 4 |_|11                  30|_| MA5 -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_                  |
            |      <--> BUS 3 |_|12                  29|_| MA4 -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_                  |
            |      <--> BUS 2 |_|13                  28|_| MA3 -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_                  |
            |      <--> BUS 1 |_|14                  27|_| MA2 -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_                  |
            |      <--> BUS 0 |_|15                  26|_| MA1 -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_                  |
            |             Vcc |_|16                  25|_| MA0 -->         |
            |                  _|                      |_  ___             |
            |          <-- N2 |_|17                  24|_| EF1 <--         |
            |                  _|                      |_  ___             |
            |          <-- N1 |_|18                  23|_| EF2 <--         |
            |                  _|                      |_  ___             |
            |          <-- N0 |_|19                  22|_| EF3 <--         |
            |                  _|                      |_  ___             |
            |             Vss |_|20                  21|_| EF4 <--         |
            |                   |______________________|                   |
            |                                                              |
            |                                                              |
            ----------------------------------------------------------------

####

            ----------------------------------------------------------------
            |Mnem. |Op|F|Description                 |Notes                |
            |------+--+-+----------------------------+---------------------|
            |ADC   |74|*|Add with Carry              |{DF,D}=mx+D+DF       |
            |ADCI i|7C|*|Add with Carry Immediate    |{DF,D}=mp+D+DF,p=p+1 |
            |ADD   |F4|*|Add                         |{DF,D}=mx+D          |
            |ADI  i|FC|*|Add Immediate               |{DF,D}=mp+D,p=p+1    |
            |AND   |F2|*|Logical AND                 |D={mx}&D             |
            |ANI  i|FA|*|Logical AND Immediate       |D={mp}&D,p=p+1       |
            |B1   a|34|-|Branch if EF1               |If EF1=1 BR else NBR |
            |B2   a|35|-|Branch if EF2               |If EF2=1 BR else NBR |
            |B3   a|36|-|Branch if EF3               |If EF3=1 BR else NBR |
            |B4   a|37|-|Branch if EF4               |If EF4=1 BR else NBR |
            |BDF  a|33|-|Branch if DF                |If DF=1 BR else NBR  |
            |BGE  a|33|-|Branch if Greater or Equal  |See BDF              |
            |BL   a|38|-|Branch if Less              |See BNF BR else NBR  |
            |BM   a|38|-|Branch if Minus             |See BNF              |
            |BN1  a|3C|-|Branch if Not EF1           |If EF1=0 BR else NBR |
            |BN2  a|3D|-|Branch if Not EF2           |If EF2=0 BR else NBR |
            |BN3  a|3E|-|Branch if Not EF3           |If EF3=0 BR else NBR |
            |BN4  a|3F|-|Branch if Not EF4           |If EF4=0 BR else NBR |
            |BNF  a|38|-|Branch if Not DF            |If DF=0 BR else NBR  |
            |BNQ  a|39|-|Branch if Not Q             |If Q=0 BR else NBR   |
            |BNZ  a|3A|-|Branch if D Not Zero        |If D=1 BR else NBR   |
            |BPZ  a|33|-|Branch if Positive or Zero  |See BDF              |
            |BQ   a|31|-|Branch if Q                 |If Q=1 BR else NBR   |
            |BR   a|30|-|Branch                      |pl=mp                |
            |BZ   a|32|-|Branch if D Zero            |If D=0 BR else NBR   |
            |DEC  r|2N|-|Decrement register N        |n=n-1                |
            |DIS   |71|-|Disable                     |{X,P}=mx,x=x+1,IE=0  |
            |GHI  r|9N|-|Get High register N         |D=nh                 |
            |GLO  r|8N|-|Get Low register N          |D=nl                 |
            |IDL   |00|-|Idle (wait for DMA or int.) |Bus=m0               |
            |INC  r|1N|-|Increment register N        |n=n+1                |
            |INP  d|6N|-|Input (N=d+8=9-F)           |mx=Bus,D=Bus,Nlines=d|
            |IRX   |60|-|Increment register X        |x=x+1                |
            |LBDF a|C3|-|Long Branch if DF           |If DF=1 LBR else LNBR|
            |LBNF a|C8|-|Long Branch if Not DF       |If DF=0 LBR else LNBR|
            |LBNQ a|C9|-|Long Branch if Not Q        |If Q=0 LBR else LNBR |
            |LBNZ a|CA|-|Long Branch if D Not Zero   |If D=1 LBR else LNBR |
            |LBQ  a|C1|-|Long Branch if Q            |If Q=1 LBR else LNBR |
            |LBR  a|C0|-|Long Branch                 |p=mp                 |
            |LBZ  a|C2|-|Long Branch if D Zero       |If D=0 LBR else LNBR |
            |LDA  r|4N|-|Load advance                |D=mn,n=n+1           |
            |LDI  i|F8|-|Load Immediate              |D=mp,p=p+1           |
            |LDN  r|0N|-|Load via N (except N=0)     |D=mn                 |
            |LDX   |F0|-|Load via X                  |D=mx                 |
            |LDXA  |72|-|Load via X and Advance      |D=mx,x=x+1           |
            |LSDF  |CF|-|Long Skip if DF             |If DF=1 LSKP else NOP|
            ----------------------------------------------------------------

####

            ----------------------------------------------------------------
            |Mnem. |Op|F|Description                 |Notes                |
            |------+--+-+----------------------------+---------------------|
            |LSIE  |CC|-|Long Skip if IE             |If IE=1 LSKP else NOP|
            |LSKP  |C8|-|Long Skip                   |See NLBR             |
            |LSNF  |C7|-|Long Skip if Not DF         |If DF=0 LSKP else NOP|
            |LSNQ  |C5|-|Long Skip if Not Q          |If Q=0 LSKP else NOP |
            |LSNZ  |C6|-|Long Skip if D Not Zero     |If D=1 LSKP else NOP |
            |LSQ   |CD|-|Long Skip if Q              |If Q=1 LSKP else NOP |
            |LSZ   |CE|-|Long Skip if D Zero         |If D=0 LSKP else NOP |
            |MARK  |79|-|Push X,P to stack  (T={X,P})|m2={X,P},X=P,r2=r2-1 |
            |NBR   |38|-|No short Branch (see SKP)   |p=p+1                |
            |NLBR a|C8|-|No Long Branch (see LSKP)   |p=p+2                |
            |NOP   |C4|-|No Operation                |Continue             |
            |OR    |F1|*|Logical OR                  |D={mx}vD             |
            |ORI  i|F9|*|Logical OR Immediate        |D={mp}vD,p=p+1       |
            |OUT  d|6N|-|Output (N=d=1-7)            |Bus=mx,x=x+1,Nlines=d|
            |PLO  r|AN|-|Put Low register N          |nl=D                 |
            |PHI  r|BN|-|Put High register N         |nh=D                 |
            |REQ   |7A|-|Reset Q                     |Q=0                  |
            |RET   |70|-|Return                      |{X,P}=mx,x=x+1,IE=1  |
            |RSHL  |7E|*|Ring Shift Left             |See SHLC             |
            |RSHR  |76|*|Ring Shift Right            |See SHRC             |
            |SAV   |78|-|Save                        |mx=T                 |
            |SDB   |75|*|Subtract D with Borrow      |{DF,D}=mx-D-DF       |
            |SDBI i|7D|*|Subtract D with Borrow Imm. |{DF,D}=mp-D-DF,p=p+1 |
            |SD    |F5|*|Subtract D                  |{DF,D}=mx-D          |
            |SDI  i|FD|*|Subtract D Immediate        |{DF,D}=mp-D,p=p+1    |
            |SEP  r|DN|-|Set P                       |P=N                  |
            |SEQ   |7B|-|Set Q                       |Q=1                  |
            |SEX  r|EN|-|Set X                       |X=N                  |
            |SHL   |FE|*|Shift Left                  |{DF,D}={DF,D,0}<-    |
            |SHLC  |7E|*|Shift Left with Carry       |{DF,D}={DF,D}<-      |
            |SHR   |F6|*|Shift Right                 |{D,DF}=->{0,D,DF}    |
            |SHRC  |76|*|Shift Right with Carry      |{D,DF}=->{D,DF}      |
            |SKP   |38|-|Short Skip                  |See NBR              |
            |SMB   |77|*|Subtract Memory with Borrow |{DF,D}=D-mx-{~DF}    |
            |SMBI i|7F|*|Subtract Mem with Borrow Imm|{DF,D}=D-mp-~DF,p=p+1|
            |SM    |F7|*|Subtract Memory             |{DF,D}=D-mx          |
            |SMI  i|FF|*|Subtract Memory Immediate   |{DF,D}=D-mp,p=p+1    |
            |STR  r|5N|-|Store via N                 |mn=D                 |
            |STXD  |73|-|Store via X and Decrement   |mx=D,x=x-1           |
            |XOR   |F3|*|Logical Exclusive OR        |D={mx}.D             |
            |XRI  i|FB|*|Logical Exclusive OR Imm.   |D={mp}.D,p=p+1       |
            |      |  |-|Interrupt action            |T={X,P},P=1,X=2,IE=0 |
            |------+--+-+--------------------------------------------------|
            |      |??| |8-bit hexadecimal opcode                          |
            |      |?N| |Opcode with register/device in low 4/3 bits       |
            |      |  |-|DF flag unaffected                                |
            |      |  |*|DF flag affected                                  |
            ----------------------------------------------------------------

####

            ----------------------------------------------------------------
            |Arguments  |                     Notes                        |
            |-----------+--------------------------------------------------|
            | mn        |Register addressing                               |
            | mx        |Register-indirect addressing                      |
            | mp        |Immediate addressing                              |
            | R( )      |Stack addressing (implied addressing)             |
            |-----------+--------------------------------------------------|
            | D         |Data register (accumulator, 8-bit)                |
            | DF        |Data Flag (ALU carry, 1-bit)                      |
            | I         |High-order instruction digit (4-bit)              |
            | IE        |Interrupt Enable (1-bit)                          |
            | N         |Low-order instruction digit (4-bit)               |
            | P         |Designates Program Counter register (4-bit)       |
            | Q         |Output flip-flop (1-bit)                          |
            | R         |1 of 16 scratchpad Registers(16-bit)              |
            | T         |Holds old {X,P} after interrupt (X high, 8-bit)   |
            | X         |Designates Data Pointer register (4-bit)          |
            |-----------+--------------------------------------------------|
            | mn        |Memory byte addressed by R(N)                     |
            | mp        |Memory byte addressed by R(P)                     |
            | mx        |Memory byte addressed by R(X)                     |
            | m?        |Memory byte addressed by R(?)                     |
            | n         |Short form for R(N)                               |
            | nh        |High-order byte of R(N)                           |
            | nl        |Low-order byte of R(N)                            |
            | p         |Short form for R(P)                               |
            | pl        |Low-order byte of R(P)                            |
            | r?        |Short form for R(?)                               |
            | x         |Short form for R(X)                               |
            |-----------+--------------------------------------------------|
            | R(N)      |Register specified by N                           |
            | R(P)      |Current program counter                           |
            | R(X)      |Current data pointer                              |
            | R(?)      |Specific register                                 |
            ----------------------------------------------------------------

####

            ----------------------------------------------------------------
            |Arguments  |                     Notes                        |
            |-----------+--------------------------------------------------|
            | a         |Address expression                                |
            | d         |Device number (1-7)                               |
            | i         |Immediate expression                              |
            | n         |Expression                                        |
            | r         |Register (hex digit or an R followed by hex digit)|
            |-----------+--------------------------------------------------|
            | +         |Arithmetic addition                               |
            | -         |Arithmetic subtraction                            |
            | *         |Arithmetic multiplication                         |
            | /         |Arithmetic division                               |
            | &         |Logical AND                                       |
            | ~         |Logical NOT                                       |
            | v         |Logical inclusive OR                              |
            | .         |Logical exclusive OR                              |
            | <-        |Rotate left                                       |
            | ->        |Rotate right                                      |
            | { }       |Combination of operands                           |
            | ?         |Hexadecimal digit (0-F)                           |
            | -->       |Input pin                                         |
            | <--       |Output pin                                        |
            | <-->      |Input/output pin                                  |
            ----------------------------------------------------------------

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####

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