Pocket Handbook to BONNER LAB RUNOFF CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION RUNOFF is a text formatting program that facilitates the design and pro- duction of printed documents such as memos, letters, manuals, etc. Input to RUNOFF is a file containing the text of the document, case and formatting information, and other pertinent information such as how lines should be justified, how pages should be numbered and titled, and so forth. The output from RUNOFF is a ready-to-print document. After a input file has been processed, it remains available for further editing. The formatting information consists of commands and flags. Command lines are signalled by a period in the first position and may contain one or more commands and text. Within the text are special characters, called flags, that specify character modifications such as underlining or bolding. RUNOFF reduces the amount of interaction needed for preparation of a do- cument by allowing both textual correction and formatting changes to be executed in one pass through the source file. And since text changes do not effect the basic design, documents can be updated without extensive retyping. Author: --- VMS/RSX --- John Clement T. W. Bonner Lab Rice University P.O. Box 1892 Houston, Tx, 77251 Tel (713) 527-8101x2037 Arpanet: CLEMENT@PHYSICS.RICE.EDU or: @RICE.EDU:CLEMENT@PHYSICS.RICE.EDU Bitnet: BONNER@RICE --- Rt-11 --- Robert Walraven Multiware, Inc. 437 F Street Davis, CA 95616 - 2 - INTRODUCTION - 3 - VMS Operating procedures RUNOFF can be initiated in several ways. The general formats are: $ RUNOFF command_string/options ... or $ RUNOFF The operating system will ask you for the input file name. input1-file,input2-file,... A file specification has the following form: Dev:[Directory.subdir...]Filename.Typ;Ver Default file specifications (any part of which may be overridden): Input: SY:name.RNO Output: SY:name.DOC Table of contents: SY:name.RNT A command string may have one or more options associated with it. TABLE of RNO OPTIONS [NO] indicates the option may be negated. The negative of /CR is /NOCR /APPENDIX=([l],[h]) -- Output only indicated appendix range. /CHAPTER=([l],[h]) -- Output only indicated chapter range. /[NO]CR -- Output CR,LF in file. /[NO]DEBUG -- Type out input lines (debug) /[NO]EP -- Errors printed in .DOC file /[NO]EVEN -- Output even numbered pages. /[NO]FF=[n] -- Put form-feed at end of page. /[NO]HYPHENATE -- Hyphenate output /[NO]ODD -- Output odd numbered pages. /OUTPUT=file -- Specify output file name /PAGES=([l],[h]) -- Output only indicated page range /PS=([h],[w]) -- Set page size to H,W (height,width) /RIGHT=n -- Right shift output. n=amount of shift. /[NO]SPOOL -- Spool the output file. /TOC[=file] -- Create an intermediate table of contents file /[NO]TT -- Bypass checks and do a write all on output. /[NO]UC -- Force ALL uppercase output /UL=x -- Underline x=[B-backspace, S-simulate, L-line, N-none] /[NO]WAIT -- Wait at beginning of a page. /[NO]WR -- Warning message output. /[NO]2P -- Two pass operation. DEFAULT: /CR/NODE/NOEP/EV/OD/PS=(58,60) /HY/NOSP/TT/UL=L/NOWA/WR/NO2P INTRODUCTION - 4 - Special Characters Flag characters Below is a list of RUNOFF's flag characters. To cause a flag to appear in the text as a normal character, it must be preceded by the underscore character "_" (itself a special character). Since the special characters can be changed by the .FLAGS commands, this list may not represent the actual usage for your document. ^ UPPERCASE the next character, or LOCK a function. ^^ No case conversion. \ LOWERCASE the next character, or UNLOCK a function. \\ Lowercase all text. < CAPITALIZE word. * ^< capitalize all text. * # SPACE character (non expandable or quoted space). = HYPHENATE specification, or continue mark. * & UNDERLINE the following character (also "^&,/&"). _ ACCEPT the following character. % OVERSTRIKE the previous character by the next character. * $ SUBSTITUTE defined text for abbreviation. * > INDEX/SUBINDEX flags. * | BREAK text with no spaces, or continue. * + PERIOD will add extra space if followed by space. * { EQUATION flag 1. * (Not in DSR) } EQUATION flag 2. * (Not in DSR) "tab" TAB flag character causes tabulation. (Not a flag in DSR) -------- footnote -------- * Only becomes a special character if the FLAG is engaged. INTRODUCTION - 5 - Special Characters Terminal punctuation . : ; ? ! These characters, if followed by a separator (space or tab), will appear in the output with 1 extra space after them. This feature works only when both .FILL and .PERIOD are engaged. These characters can be changed with the .PERIOD command. Valid punctuation / \ . , " ( ) @ These characters are valid in a hyphenated word. Any other non-alphabetic character will prevent autohyphenation. These characters can be changed by the .AUTOHYPHENATE command. INTRODUCTION - 6 - Runoff - List of commands * Indicates the command causes a line BREAK. $ Indicates a command forbidden during a FOOTNOTE. D Indicates the default setting ~ Indicates not available in DSR Command Abbreviation Opt. ------- ------------ ---- APPENDIX [;][title] - - - - - - - AX - - - - *$ Start an appendix AUTOBREAK ["chars"] - - - - - - - AB - - - - $ ~ The characters may cause a line break AUTOHYPHENATE [n1,...n4][,"chars"] - - AH - - - - $D~ (n1=size, n2=begin, n3=end, n4=mode) Enable automatic hyphenation "chars" are allowed in hyphenated word until NO AUTOHYPHENATE AUTOPARAGRAPH - - - - - - - - - AP - - - - $ Begin paragraphs for lines with leading spaces, tabs, or blank lines until NO AUTOPARAGRAPH AUTOSUBTITLE - - - - - - - - - AST - - - - $ Subtitle is same as current section (header level) until NO AU- TOSUBTITLE AUTOTABLE - - - - - - - - - - AT Enable automatic table format until NO AUTOTABLE AUTOTITLE - - - - - - - - - - ATI - - - - $D~ Enable title is same as current chapter/appendix BEGIN BAR - - - - - - - - - - BB - - - - Left hand margin will have a bar in it until .END BAR BLANK [-space] - - - - - - - - - B - - - - - * Skip lines independently from spacing, except at top of page. BREAK - - - - - - - - - - - - BR - - - - * Start a new line BREAK LINE - - - - - - - - - - BRL - - - - * Break at end of next line. CENTER [LINE][+-n] - - - - - - - C [LINE] - - * Center 1 line CENTER TEXT [+-n] - - - - - - - - C TEXT - - - * ~ Center a section until END CENTER CENTRE [+-n] - - - - - - - - - C - - - - - * CHAPTER [;][title] - - - - - - - CH - - - - *$ Start a chapter CHAPTER LAYOUT [code][,spacing] - - - CHLO - - - - $ ~ Change the layout of first page of chapter COMMENT [comment text] - - - - - - ; - - - - - - - ! The comment is not included in the output DEFINE - Defines a command or macro COMMAND /command/text - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ Define a new command ESCAPE escape definition - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ Define special characters to output control codes. ITEM /label/ [format],[+-n] - - - - - - - - - ~ The label is a number to appear in text INTRODUCTION - 7 - Runoff - List of commands SUBSTITUTE /label/text - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ Set up text to be substituted for label DEFINE NUMBER - Defines a substitution label for a current "number" APPENDIX /label/ - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ CHAPTER /label/ - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ ITEM /item/ /label/ - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ LEVEL /label/ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ LIST /label/ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ PAGE /label/ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ SUBSCRIPT escape def - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Define subscript for equation formatting SUPERSCRIPT escape def - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Define superscript for equation formatting VARIABLE SPACE escape def - - - - - - - - - - ~ Define how to do variable spacing DELETE INDEX "entry" - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Remove an entry from index table DELETE SUBSTITUTE /label/ - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Remove a substitution label from table of subst. DISABLE - Turns off features turned on by .ENABLE BAR - - - - - - - - - - - DBB - - - - D ESCAPE - - - - - - - - - - DES - - - - ~ COMMAND REPLACEMENT - - - - - - $D~ EQUATION - - - - - - - - - - DEQ - - - - ~ FLAGS [flag] - - - - - - - - DFL - - - - D~ HYPHENATION - - - - - - - - - DHY - - - - INDEXING - - - - - - - - - - DIX - - - - NUMBERING - - - - - - - - - DNMPG - - - $ ~ NUMBERING CHAPTER - - - - - - - DNMCH - - - $ ~ ODD - - - - - - - - - - - DOD - - - - D~ SUBSTITUTION - - - - - - - - DSST - - - - PAGING - - - - - - - - - - DPAG - - - - ~ TABS - - - - - - - - - - - DTB - - - - ~ TOC - - - - - - - - - - - DTC - - - - DISBLE TRAILING ZERO - - - - - - - $ ~ OVERSTRIKING - - - - - - - - DOV - - - - UNCONDITIONAL - - - - - - - - DUNC - - - - *$ ~ UNDERLINING - - - - - - - - - DUL - - - - DISPLAY - Change format of specified number (form = D,LU,LL,LM,RU,RL,RM) APPENDIX ["pre",][form][,"post"] - - DAX - - - - *$ CHAPTER ["pre",][form][,"post"] - - DCH - - - - *$ ELEMENTS ["pre",][form][,"post"] - - DLE - - - - *$ LEVELS [f1],...[f6] - - - - - - DHL - - - - *$ LEVELS [level,]["pre",][format,]["post"] - - - - - * ~ NUMBER ["pre",][form][,"post"] - - DNM - - - - *$ SUBPAGE [form] - - - - - - - - DSP - - - - *$ SUBTITLE ["pre"],["post"] - - - - - - - - - - ~ TITLE ["pre"],["post"] - - - - - - - - - - - ~ TOC PAGE ["pre"],["post"] - - - - - - - - - - ~ DO INDEX [title] - - - - - - - - DX - - - - *$ Print the index as an appendix INTRODUCTION - 8 - Runoff - List of commands ELLIPSES - - - - - - - - - - - ELL - - - - $ ~ Unspecified tabs are converted to ellipses ELSE aaaa Follows IF aaaa command ENABLE - Enables features turned off by disable BAR n1,n2 - - - - - - - - - EBB - - - - D Allow change bars in left margin n1,n2 are spaces before, after bar COMMAND REPLACEMENT - - - - - - $ ~ Allow user commands to replace permanent commands ESCAPE - - - - - - - - - - ESC - - - - D~ Allow control code output FLAGS [flag] - - - - - - - - EFL - - - - D~ Allow specified flag to be used EQUATION n - - - - - - - - - EEQ - - - - D~ Allow equation formatting HYPHENATION - - - - - - - - - EHY - - - - D Allow hyphenation INDEXING - - - - - - - - - - EIX - - - - D Entries will be made in index table LEVELS [+-out],[+-toc] - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ Enables header levels for output and table of contents NUMBERING - - - - - - - - - ENMPG - - - $ ~ Page numbers are produced NUMBERING CHAPTER - - - - - - - ENMCH - - - $ ~ Page numbers include chapter number (1-2) ODD - - - - - - - - - - - EOD - - - - ~ Chapters start only on odd page numbers PAGING - - - - - - - - - - EPAG - - - - D~ Pages are formatted TABS - - - - - - - - - - - ETB - - - - D~ Tabs are converted to multiple spaces TOC - - - - - - - - - - - ETC - - - - D Entries are made in table of contents file TRAILING ZERO - - - - - - - - $D~ Enable trailin zero for header level 1 (1.0...) OVERSTRIKING - - - - - - - - EOV - - - - D The overstrike flag is obeyed SUBSTITUTION - - - - - - - - ESST - - - - D Text may be substituted for a defined label UNCONDITIONAL - - - - - - - - ENUNC - - - *$D~ Unconditional commands are obeyed and text is output UNDERLINING - - - - - - - - - EUL - - - - D Text may be underlined END - Ends a feature BAR - - - - - - - - - - - EB - - - - CENTER - - - - - - - - - - ECN - - - - ~ FOOTNOTE - - - - - - - - - - EFN - - - - IF aaaa LIST [space] - - - - - - - - ELS - - - - *$ LITERAL - - - - - - - - - - EL - - - - *$ NOTE - - - - - - - - - - - EN - - - - *$ RIGHT - - - - - - - - - - - ER - - - - * ~ SEPARATED EQUATION - - - - - - ESEQ - - - - D~ INTRODUCTION - 9 - Runoff - List of commands SUBPAGE - - - - - - - - - - ES - - - - *$ TEXT - - - - - - - - - - - ETX - - - - *$ ~ ENTRY index term - - - - - - - - Y - - - - - Defines index term without page number FIGURE [space] - - - - - - - - - FG - - - - *$ Skips lines independently of spacing. Works at top of page. FIGURE DEFERRED [space] - - - - - - FGD - - - - *$ Skips lines independently of spacing, where space permits. FILL - - - - - - - - - - - F - - - - - D Starts fill mode until NO FILL (normal mode of usage) FIRST TITLE - - - - - - - - - - FT - - - - $ Defines title to appear on all pages including first. FLAGS - Turns on and defines a special character to do something. ACCEPT [new flag] - - - - - - - FL ACCEPT - - $D [ALL] - - - - - - - - - - - FL [ALL] - - $ BREAK [new flag] - - - - - - - FL BREAK - - $ CAPITALIZE [new flag] - - - - - FL CAPITALIZE - $ CONTROL [new flag] - - - - - - FL CONTROL - - $D ESCAPE [new flag] - - - - - - - FL ESCAPE - - $ ~ EQUATION - - - - - - - - - - FL EQUATION - ~ HYPHENATE [new flag] - - - - - - FL HYPHENATE - $ INDEX [new flag] - - - - - - - FL INDEX - - $ PERIOD [new flag] - - - - - - - FL PERIOD - - $ LOWERCASE [new flag] - - - - - - FL LOWERCASE - $D OVERSTRIKE [new flag] - - - - - FL OVERSTRIKE - $ SUBINDEX [new flag] - - - - - - FL SUBINDEX - $ SUBSTITUTE [new flag] - - - - - FL SUBSTITUTE - $ TAB [new flag] - - - - - - - - FL TAB - - - $ ~ UNDERLINE [new flag] - - - - - - FL UNDERLINE - $D UPPERCASE [new flag] - - - - - - FL UPPERCASE - $D FLUSH - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - * ~ Flushes out all deferred text FOOTNOTE - - - - - - - - - - - FN - - - - $ Start a footnote until END FOOTNOTE HALF SPACING [spacing] - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Enable and define half spacing HEADERS [on] - - - - - - - - - HD [on] - - - $D Enable output of headers (title/subtitle) at top of page HEADER LEVEL [+-level][;][title] - - - HL - - - - *$ Starts a numbered section in document HEADERS LOWER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ HEADERS MIXED - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $D HEADERS NO PAGE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ HEADERS PAGE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $D~ HEADERS SPACING [spacing] - - - - - HDSP - - - - ~ Sets spacing between title and first line of text. HEADERS UPPER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ IF aaaa [bbbb]... Text following is output if aaaa is "true" until ELSE or ENDIF INTRODUCTION - 10 - Runoff - List of commands IF NOT aaaa [bbbb]... Text following is not output if aaa is "false"until ELSE or ENDIF IMMEDIATE IF aaaa - - - - - - - - IIF - - - - ~ Rest of line ignored if aaaa is false IMMEDIATE IF NOT aaaa - - - - - - IIFNOT - - - ~ Rest of line ignored if aaaa is true IMMEDIATE TEST PAGE [n] - - - - - - ITP - - - - $ ~ Starts new page if fewer than n line remain on page IMMEDIATE TEST TEXT [n] - - - - - - ITT - - - - $ ~ Starts new page if fewer than n lines of text can be put on page INDENT [-spaces] - - - - - - - - I - - - - - * Indent line from left margin INDENT LEVELS [-l],[-r] - - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ Secify left, right indentation for header levels (sections) INDEX entry - - - - - - - - - - X - - - - - Specify term to be indexed with page number JUSTIFY - - - - - - - - - - - J - - - - - D Output text is left and right justified KEEP [LINES] - - - - - - - - - K - - - - - Blank lines in input also appear in output in NO FILL mode KEEP TABS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Tabs at beginning of lines are kept and not removed in FILL mode LAYOUT [code] [,spacing] - - - - - LO - - - - *$ Change overall page layout of title/subtite and page number (0=all at top 1-15=Header top,number bottom) ( 1=C,C 2=LR,C 3=L,C 4=L,R 5=C,R 6=C,LR) ( 7=LR,LR 8=L,LR 9=LR,R 10=C,L 11=LR,L 12=L,L) (13=R,L 14=R,C 15=R,LR 16=R,R) LEFT MARGIN [+-n] - - - - - - - - LM - - - - * Sets the left margin LIST [lines] ["string"] - - - - - - LS - - - - *$ Begin a numbered list of items separated by blank lines until end list LIST ELEMENT [;]text - - - - - - - LE - - - - *$ Print current number in list LITERAL - - - - - - - - - - - LT - - - - * Text following this command appears in output exactly as typed un- til END LITERAL LOCK - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ Lock some parameters so they can not be changed LOWER CASE - - - - - - - - - - LC - - - - All text will be in same case as input NO - turns off selected features AUTOBREAK ["chars"] - - - - - - NAB - - - - $D~ AUTOHYPHENATE "chars" - - - - - NAH - - - - $ AUTOPARAGRAPH - - - - - - - - NAP - - - - $D AUTOSUBTITLE - - - - - - - - NAST - - - - $D AUTOTABLE - - - - - - - - - NAT AUTOTITLE - - - - - - - - - NATI - - - - $ ~ ELLIPSES - - - - - - - - - - NELL - - - - $D~ FILL - - - - - - - - - - - NF - - - - * INTRODUCTION - 11 - Runoff - List of commands FLAGS [flag name] - - - - - - - NFL - - - - $ HALF SPACING - - - - - - - - - - - - - - D~ HEADERS [on] - - - - - - - - NHD JUSTIFY - - - - - - - - - - NJ - - - - KEEP - - - - - - - - - - - NK - - - - D NUMBER - - - - - - - - - - NNM - - - - $ NUMBER CHAPTER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ PAGING - - - - - - - - - - NPA - - - - $ PERIOD ["chars"] - - - - - - - NPR SPACE - - - - - - - - - - - NSP - - - - TITLE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ UNDERLINE "characters" - - - - - NUN - - - - ~ VARIANT aaaa [bbbb]... - - - - - - - - - - - ~ NOTE [;title] - - - - - - - - - N - - - - - *$ Starts an indented note until END NOTE NUMBER - Sets the new number APPENDIX [+-n] - - - - - - - - NMAX - - - - $ CHAPTER [+-n] - - - - - - - - NMCH - - - - $D ITEM [+-n] - - - - - - - - - NMIT - - - - ~ LEVEL [+-n1],....,[+-n6] - - - - NMLV - - - - $ LIST [+-n] - - - - - - - - - NPLS - - - - $ [PAGE] [+-n] - - - - - - - - NMPG - - - - $D SUBPAGE [+-n] - - - - - - - - NMSPG - - - $ PAGE - - - - - - - - - - - - PG - - - - *$ Starts a new page if paging enabled PAGE EVEN - - - - - - - - - - PGE - - - - *$ ~ Starts a new even numbered page PAGE ODD - - - - - - - - - - - PGO - - - - *$ ~ Starts a new odd numbered page PAGE SIZE [+-h],[+-w],[+-l],[+-t],[s] - PS - - - - $ Sets page size, permanent margins, sets PAGING PAGING - - - - - - - - - - - PA - - - - * D Text will be divided into pages PAPER SIZE - - - - - - - - - - PS - - - - $ Synonym for page size PARAGRAPH [-n],[v],[t],[b] - - - - - P - - - - - * Starts a new paragraph until command causing break (n=indent, v=skip, t=test, b=bottom test) PERIOD "characters" - - - - - - - PR - - - - $D Enables specified characters to end sentence (produce 2 spaces) PERMANENT FOOTNOTE - - - - - - - PFN - - - - $ ~ Starts a section of text to begin each footnote until END FOOTNOTE PRINT INDEX "entry" - - - - - - - PX - - - - *$ Prints the index and clear it RESET - Removes all entries in a table ESCAPE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ INDEX - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ SUBSTITUTE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $ ~ RESTORE STATUS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Restores status saved by SAVE STATUS INTRODUCTION - 12 - Runoff - List of commands REQUIRE 'file spec' - - - - - - - REQ - - - - $ Input now is taken from specified file REQUIRE BINARY [spacing ]'file-spec' - REQ BIN - - - * ~ The specified file is transferred to output file RIGHT [-indent] - - - - - - - - R - - - - - *$ Line is right but not left justified RIGHT MARGIN [+-n] - - - - - - - RM - - - - * Set right margin RIGHT TEXT [-indent] - - - - - - - R TEXT - - - * ~ Section of text is right, but not left justified until END RIGHT SAVE - Saves the current status CHAPTER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Current status is restored at each CHAPTER command HEADER - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Current status is restored at each page header LEVEL - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Current status is restored at each HEADER LEVEL command STATUS - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Current status is restored at each RESTORE command SEND PAGE TOC [n;]text - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Text followd by page number will appear in table of contents SEND TOC [;]text - - - - - - - - STC - - - - Text will appear in table of contents SEPARATED EQUATION - - - - - - - SEQ - - - - ~ Begins separated equation mode until END SEPARATED EQUATION SET LEVEL [+-n] - - - - - - - - SL - - - - Sets the level for the next .HL command. SET PARAGRAPH [-n],[v],[t],[b] - - - STP - - - - $ Sets paragraph params (n=indent, v=skip, t=test, b=bottom test) SETUP escape sequence - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Setup printer before text SKIP [lines] - - - - - - - - - S - - - - - * Skips lines depending on spacing except at top of page SPACING [s] - - - - - - - - - - SP - - - - $ Sets line spacing STYLE CHAPTER [n1],...[n5] - - - - - STCH - - - - $ ~ Changes style of first chapter page (1-3 = spacing, 4,5=indent (-1 centered,-2 right just) STYLE HEADERS [n1],...[n10] - - - - STHL - - - - *$ Changes style of header levels (sections) (line,CAPS,Cap,number,center,skip1,skip2,test,indent,[n.m]) SUBPAGE - - - - - - - - - - - SPG - - - - *$ Starts a subpage until END SUBPAGE SUBTITLE [subtitle] - - - - - - - ST - - - - $ Sets line of text to appear in subtitle TAB LEFT - - - - - - - - - - - TL - - - - $D~ Unspecified tabs left justify TAB PROPORTIONAL n,["ell"][R/C/L][+-n1],.. TABP - - - - $ ~ Sets up proportionally spaced tab stops TAB RIGHT - - - - - - - - - - TR - - - - $ ~ Unspecified tabs right justify TAB STOPS ["ell"][R/C/L]+n1,... - - - TS - - - - $ Sets up ellipses, justification and location of tab stops INTRODUCTION - 13 - Runoff - List of commands TEST PAGE [n] - - - - - - - - - TP - - - - *$ Starts new page if fewer than n lines remain on this page TEST TEXT [n] - - - - - - - - - TT - - - - *$ ~ New page if fewer than n lines of text may be output on this page TEXT - - - - - - - - - - - - TX - - - - *$ ~ Starts a block of text that may not be split between pages until TEXT, END TEXT, or PAGE TEXT DEFERRED - - - - - - - - - TXD - - - - *$ ~ Starts a block of text to appear on a later page until TEXT, END TEXT, or PAGE TITLE [title] - - - - - - - - - T - - - - - $D Sets line of text to appear as page title TOP MARGIN [+-n] - - - - - - - - TM - - - - *$ ~ Sets top margin for the next page UNDERLINE "characters" - - - - - - UN - - - - ~ The specified characters may be underlined UNDERLINE SPACES - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Spaces may be underlined UNDERLINE NO SPACES - - - - - - - - - - - - - D~ Disables underlining of spaces UPPER CASE - - - - - - - - - - UC - - - - D All text will be output in upper case VARIABLE SPACING - - - - - - - - VARSP - - - * ~ Enable variable spacing VARIANT aaaa - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ Sets aaaa to be true until NO VARIANT